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The Circle of Life (but with cells instead of Simba) The Cell Cycle How to make more Prokaryotes Binary Fission The cell splits into two parts Each part takes a copy of the DNA Mitosis Only in Eukaryotic cells Since the nucleus is involved A process of cell division that forms two new nuclei And each nuclei contains the same number of chromosomes Chromosomes is the fancy name for organized DNA Humans have 23 homologous pairs, or 46 total Produces an exact copy of the “parent” cell Interphase The cell grows, copying its organelles and chromosomes Chromosomes are copied inside the nucleus Prophase Stage 1 Chromosomes twist, coil, and condense from long strands into an X-shape The X is made up of two crossed chromatids held together at the centromere Metaphase 2nd stage The nuclear membrane dissolves Chromatids line up in the middle of the cell Imagine a tug of war game where two equally strong people are pulling against each other Anaphase 3rd Stage Chromatids separate and move to opposite sides of the cell Imagine a tug of war match, and the middle of the rope breaks Telophase Stage 4 A new nuclear membrane begins to form around the sets of chromosomes at either side The chromosomes begin to unwind (from prophase) Cytokinesis The division of cytoplasm In animal cells The cell membrane pinches off In plant cells A cell plate forms between the two cells, containing the materials for new cell membranes and walls Mitosis Cell Cycle