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The Seasons
The reason for the
seasons….
 There are three
reasons earth has its
seasons: it has a
23.5 degree tilt, it
rotates on an orbit,
and its North Pole
always points in the
same direction. YOU
NEED ALL THREE FOR
THE SEASONS TO
OCCUR!!
Reason # 1 :
Have you ever wondered
why??
 …the Earth on a
globe is tilted?
 Earth’s Tilt The
earth’s axis is not
straight up and
down, instead it
leans at a 23.5degree angle.
Earth’s Axis
Axis of
rotation- An
imaginary line
going from the
north pole to
the south
pole. The
earth spins on
this.
The Earth’s tilt
Because the
Earth is tilted
at a 23.5
degree angle,
it has different
amounts of
sun hitting
each section.
Notice that the Northern
Hemisphere has much more sun
light.
Indirect vrs. Direct
sunlight
 The area of the Earth that
receives the most direct
sunlight experiences
summer.
 The area of Earth that
receives indirect sunlight
experiences winter.
 The area that has the sunlight
distributed evenly
experiences either fall or
spring.
Summer
In the
Northern
Hemisphere
the sun is
directly hitting
it during June,
so it is summer.
What season is
it in the
Southern
Hemisphere in
Winter
During
December, in
the Northern
Hemisphere,
the sun is hitting
at an angle, so
it is winter.
Can you tell
where it is
winter on these
globes?
The sun’s angle
Because the
Earth is on an
angle, the sun sits
lower in the sky
during the winter.
Because of this
Earth receives
less daylight and
the days are
shorter.
Summer
During the summer
the sun is much
higher in the sky so
the days are much
longer and warmer.
The more sun you
have the warmer
you are!
Reason #2 :
Earth’s orbit or revolution.
Without
Earth
orbiting the
sun, there
would not
be different
seasons.
Take a look.
As the Earth Revolves
As Earth
revolves
around the
sun, different
parts of it
are exposed
to different
amounts of
sun.
If the Earth did not
revolve around the
sun, it would stay
one season all the
time.
If the Earth did not
revolve around the
sun, what season
would it always be
in the US?
Reason #3
The North
Pole is
always
pointing in
the same
direction,
towards
Polaris (The
North Star).
Sooo….
Since the axis is
always pointed
towards Polaris, it will
not tip back around
toward the sun.
Notice that neither axis is point
toward or away from the sun.
Notice that the northern axis is
pointed toward the sun.
Direct sunlight
Direct sunlight
Notice that the southern axis is
pointed away from the sun.
What would happen if the
Earth wobbled on it’s tilt?
What about Spring and
Autumn?
Why do we
experience
Spring and
Autumn?
We experience Spring and Autumn
because as the Earth moves
around the sun, the axis does not
point toward the sun at all.
So the angle of the of the sun is
distributed evenly across Earth.
Equinoxes
 Equinoxes : Mark an equal
amount of day and night
in both hemispheres. The
Earth’s axis is not pointed
toward the sun, so the
Earth is receiving an equal
amount of sunlight
throughout.
 Northern hemisphere:
 Spring Equinox: About
March 20:
 Autumnal Equinox: About
September 22
Solstices
 Winter solstice:
 December 22 in the Northern
Hemisphere. This marks the
shortest day of the year when
the Northern hemisphere is
receiving the least amount of
direct sunlight.
 Summer solstice:
 June 21-22 in the Northern
Hemisphere. This marks the
longest day of the year when
the Earth is receiving the
most amount of direct
sunlight.
Did you know???
That the sun is actually
closer to Earth in the winter
than in the summer?
It is…but only in the
Northern hemisphere.
Because of the Earth’s
elliptical orbit, the sun is
actually closer to the Earth
in the winter and farther
away in the summer.
The Southern hemisphere is
opposite.
The seasons have almost
nothing to do how close the
sun is to the Earth!!!
It is all about the
angle!
The Equator
 Countries near
the equator do
not experience
the four seasons
the same way
we do in Utah.
 Ecuador is near
the equator and
it stays warm all
year because
the angle of the
sun stays the
same.
Earth’s Equator
The Equator is
an imaginary
line drawn
around the
center of the
Earth. It is of
equal
distance from
the North and
South Poles.
Rotation Versus
Revolution
 Rotation: When a
planet or moon
turns all the way
around or spins on
its axis one time.
 Revolution: The
circling of one
object around
another object in
space. A planet
revolves around
the sun. A moon
revolves around a
planet.
Rotation, revolution
Orbit
An orbit is the
path that a
planet travels
as it goes
around the
sun.
Without our
orbit we would
not have the
different
seasons.
Las estaciones
Las razones de las
estaciones
La razón
numero uno.
(#1)
La tierra tiene
una
inclinación
de 23.5
grados.
23.5 grados
La tierra
está rotando
en su propia
eje en un
ángulo de
23.5 grados.
La razón numero dos. (#2)
La tierra está orbitando
el sol.
El equinoccio otoño
El 22/23 de septiembre
El solsticio de invierno
El 22/22 de diciembre
El equinoccio primavera
El 20/21 de marzo
El solsticio de verano
El 22/22 de junio
La razón numero tres
(#3)
El eje norte
siempre está
señalado a
la estrella
Polar.
Los equinoccios
El equinoccio es la
época del año en que,
por hallarse el Sol
sobre el ecuador.
Los días y las noches
son iguales en toda la
Tierra.
Los solsticios
Es aquel instante en
que el Sol se halla en
uno de los dos
trópicos.
Durante el solsticio
de invierno, el día
dura menos que la
noche.
Durante el solsticio
de verano, el día
dura más que la
noche.
Los equinoccios y solsticios
El equinoccio otoño
El 22/23 de septiembre
El solsticio de invierno
El 22/22 de diciembre
El equinoccio primavera
El 20/21 de marzo
El solsticio de verano
El 22/22 de junio
Los hemisferios
El hemisferio
norte es la
mitad superior
de la tierra.
El hemisferio
sur es la mitad
inferior de la
tierra.
Los Polos
El polo norte
El polo sur
El ecuador
 El ecuador es el área
alrededor del planeta
que se encuentra a la
misma distancia del
punto que está más al
norte y del que está más
al sur en la Tierra.
El invierno
Durante el invierno
los días son cortos y
fríos.
 El eje no está
señalado al sol.
El invierno
Hace frío.
Está nevando.
La primavera
Durante la primavera ni el
eje norte ni el eje sur está
señalado al sol.
La primavera
Hace fresco.
Está lloviendo.
El verano
Durante el verano el eje
está señalado al sol.
El verano
Hace calor.
Hace sol.
Hace buen tiempo.
El otoño
Durante el otoño ni
el eje norte ni el eje
sur está señalado al
sol.
El otoño
Hace fresco.
Hace viento