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Chapter 26 The Sun The Sun •Is a star •Is a main sequence star •1 million Earth’s would fit inside the sun •1.4 million kilometers from earth • Hertzberg- Russel Diagram • Shows stars in their different stages • Fuel for the Sun is Fusion.. • The union of hydrogen atoms into helium • 4H = 1 He • What happens when a star runs out of its fuel – hydrogen? • It either becomes a red giant or a supergiant • Our sun will become a red giant Star life cycle •Sun’s layers •Core •Photosphere •Chromosphere 15,600,000 oC – dense! The apparent bright yellow surface of Outer layer around the photosphere – r Corona •Thin outer atmosphere….only part •Solar Prominences •Solar Prominences • Solar Flare • Strong magnetic storm on the surface of the sun – thousands of miles tall! • Sunspots • Dark spots on the photosphere • Areas of high magnetic field 1000X stronger • They appear to move so they gave proof that the sun rotates •Solar Prominences •Flow of electrically charged pa •Cause auroras What is the center of our solar system? • Geocentric • Ptolemy’s theory of an Earth-centered solar system • Geo – mean EARTH • -centric means CENTERED • Early astronomers thought that everything revolved around the earth – WRONG!!!!!! • Heliocentric • Copernicus’ idea of a sun-centered solar system
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