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Components of the Universe Test Review: Jeopardy Game Please select a Team by picking the category that matches your birthday. 1. 2. 3. 4. January-March April-June July-September October-December Team Scores Participant Scores Components of The Universe Origins of The Universe Waves The Sun Distances HR Diagram $100 $100 $100 $100 $100 $100 $200 $200 $200 $200 $200 $200 $300 $300 $300 $300 $300 $300 $400 $400 $400 $400 $400 $400 $500 $500 $500 $500 $500 $500 Team Scores Back to the Board Participant Scores 7300 7200 Nicole Neves Amanda Bsaibes 7200 7200 6800 Hunter Bronson Adam Elkenaney Molly Howard 6800 6800 6800 6800 James Daniels Aaron Harris Destiny Landrum Kaitlyn Warner 6500 Loghan Petty Back to the Board Waves $100 In the visible light spectrum, which color of light has the lowest frequency? 1. 2. 3. 4. Red Green Blue Violet Waves $200 Which electromagnetic wave has the highest frequency and is often emitted from black holes? 1. 2. 3. 4. Visible Light Gamma Infrared Ultraviolet Waves $300 In the diagram below, which letter represents the wavelength? 1. 2. 3. 4. A B C D Waves $400 In the diagram below, which type of wave has the most energy? 1. 2. 3. 4. Radio Gamma Infrared Ultraviolet Waves $500 1. 2. 3. 4. Which electromagnetic wave has the longest wavelength and is used to explore the universe? Gamma Radio Infrared Visible Light The Sun $100 Why does the sun appear larger than other stars? 1. 2. 3. 4. Distance to Earth Yellow color Chemical composition High temperature The Sun $200 Which group, on the HR Diagram, does our Sun belong to? 1. 2. 3. 4. White Dwarfs Giants Super Giants Main Sequence The Sun $300 It takes approximately 8 minutes and 20 seconds for light produced by the Sun to reach the Earth. Therefore, the Sun is located ______________________. 1. 2. 3. 4. much less than one light year from the Earth about 8.3 light years from the Earth more than 160 light years from the Earth about one light year from the Earth The Sun $400 Which statement best describes Earth’s sun? 1. The sun is an average star in terms of size and temperature 2. The sun is the glowing remains of an older, dying star 3. The sun is a collection of stars held together by gravity 4. The sun is a red giant that will soon become a black dwarf star The Sun $500 Energy is transferred from the Sun to Earth mainly by _____________. 1. 2. 3. 4. molecular collisions density currents red shifts electromagnetic waves Distances $100 If a star’s light takes 600 years to reach the Earth, we know the star is ______________________. 1. 2. 3. 4. showing a red shift moving away from us moving toward us 600 light years away Distances $200 Which unit would you use to best measure distances in the solar system? 1. 2. 3. 4. Meter Light year Astronomical unit Kilometer Distances $300 Rigel is 490 light years from Earth. If Rigel explodes today (supernova), when will scientists on Earth be able to detect this stellar explosion? 1. 2. 3. 4. Between 4-6 am 490 years from now 1000 years from now When the sun is low on the horizon Distances $400 The distance between objects in the universe are usually measured in light years because _________________. 1. many objects in the universe are in close proximity to Earth 2. only electromagnetic waves, such as light, can travel through a vacuum 3. smaller units, such as kilometers, result in values that are impractical and large 4. many objects in the universe radiate light that can be seen from Earth Distances $500 A light year is an appropriate unit for measuring the _______________. 1. 2. 3. 4. distance between galaxies time it takes to travel to Mars time it takes to travel to the Sun distance between the Earth and the Moon HR Diagram $100 Which color of stars has the highest surface temperature? 1. 2. 3. 4. Red Blue White Yellow HR Diagram $200 What is the primary factor that determines which path a star will take on the lifecycle diagram? 1. 2. 3. 4. Nuclear fusion Gravity Mass Chemical composition HR Diagram $300 What is the general relationship between the surface temperature and brightness of a Main Sequence star? 1. As the temperature increases, the brightness increases 2. As the temperature increases, the brightness decreases 3. As the temperature increases, the brightness remains the same 4. As the temperature remains the same, the brightness increases HR Diagram $400 A star that is extremely bright, but has a low temperature probably belongs to which group on the H-R Diagram? 1. 2. 3. 4. Main sequence White dwarfs Giants Super giants HR Diagram $500 A star that is low in magnitude, but has a high surface temperature probably belongs to which group on the H-R Diagram? 1. 2. 3. 4. White dwarfs Giants Super giants Main sequence Components of the Universe $100 Which of these best describes the composition of a nebula such as the Crab Nebula? 1. 2. 3. 4. Clouds of dust and gas Ice crystals Planets and moons Large asteroids Components of the Universe $200 Spiral and irregular galaxies contain a lot of gas and dust. How is this related to the age of the stars in the galaxy? 1. A collection of gas and dust is needed to form new stars 2. All dust in galaxies is left over from old stars that died a long time ago 3. Gas and dust are a product of nuclear fusion in middle aged stars 4. There is no connection between gas and dust and the age of stars in a galaxy Components of the Universe $300 What do all galaxies have in common? 1. 2. 3. 4. They are the same shape They are made of stars They are the same distance from Earth They travel around the Sun Components of the Universe $400 In what way is the life cycle of stars a cycle? 1. The number of stars in the universe is constant 2. All types of stars follow a predictable pattern of change 3. Black holes cause the compression of matter, which in time, forms new stars 4. Supernovas give off dust and gas, which eventually form nebulae Components of the Universe $500 Which of the following best explains why stars are different colors? 1. The star are in different galaxies 2. The stars are different distances away 3. The stars are at different stages in their life cycles 4. The stars have different numbers of planets orbiting them Origins of the Universe $100 What information can astronomers obtain from spectrographs about stars? 1. 2. 3. 4. Temperature and chemical composition Size and distance Temperature and distance Chemical composition and distance Origins of the Universe $200 By studying the light from stars in distant galaxies, scientists know that __________. 1. the universe has not changed over time 2. objects in the universe are moving apart 3. the sun is still the center of the universe 4. all objects in the universe are the same distance apart Origins of the Universe $300 Studying the red shift in light is important to astronomers because it provides evidence that the _______. 1. 2. 3. 4. universe is expanding light year is a useful unit planets are rotating sun is a star Origins of the Universe $400 Which of these statements best supports the Big Bang theory? 1. The Sun contains most of the mass that makes up the Solar System 2. The three types of galaxies are spiral, elliptical, and irregular 3. Galaxies show a red shift, indicating they are moving away from each other 4. The North Pole of the Earth points to Polaris the North Star Origins of the Universe $500 Scientists believe that before the “Big Bang”, the matter that makes up the universe _________. 1. 2. 3. 4. was spread far apart was packed tightly together did not exist was located where it is today