Download The hierarchy of the Universe, Step 1

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Question # 1: answer A
Setup: Question # 2: answer A
Question # 3: answer C
Review questions on Monday – Be sure to prepare.
Test 1 next Wednesday – Be sure to prepare.
Please take a moment to mute your cell phone!
This
question
counts
double!
Question 4
A celestial object is called M 96. What can you tell
about it if you have no further information?
A It must be a star.
B It must be a deep sky object.
C It must be a planet.
D It must be a galaxy.
E It must be a star cluster.
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Question 5
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What is a planetary nebula?
A A newborn star, still in the cocoon of gas out of
which it was born.
B A planet with a large atmosphere.
C The lost atmosphere of a planet.
D An old star blowing its atmosphere into space.
E An interstellar gas cloud; the birthplace of new stars.
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Question 6
What is in the picture?
A An open cluster
B A galaxy
C A globular cluster
D A planetary
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nebula
E A diffuse nebula
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Question 7
What is in the picture?
A An open cluster
B A galaxy
C A globular cluster
D A planetary
nebula
E A diffuse nebula
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The hierarchy of the Universe, Step 1
The hierarchy of the Universe
Step 1:
Memorize this, please!
Size : 12,756 km = 7972 miles
Size: 3476 km
Earth
Moon
Distance: 384,400 km
Step 2: the Solar System
of the Universe, Step 2Planets
The The hierarchy
The planets revolve around the Sun
Sun
and reflect sunlight
(they are not in a bunch as in this picture)
is a
STAR
Distance = 150 million km
= 1 AU
(Astronomical Unit)
Earth
Distance = 400,000
km this, please!
Memorize
Step 3: Stars
Each star may come with its own planets
(we cannot see these planets directly: too small and far away)
Star
Star
Sun
Star
Distance = a few light years
1 light year = 10,000 billion km (= 1013 km)
The hierarchy of the
Universe, Step 3
Star
Star
The closest star (except the Sun): Proxima Centauri - 4 light years
~ 100,000 light years
Consists of
100 billion
stars and a
little rare gas
between
the stars.
The
Milky
Way
is a
galaxy:
the
Galaxy
Where this gas
is a little less rare,
it glows
and is called
a nebula:
Sun
The hierarchy of the
Step 4: the Milky Way
Universe, Step 4
Step 5: The whole Universe
The hierarchy of the
Step 5
Consists of
1000 billion
galaxies.
Universe,
Size:
10 billion light years
The
Milky Way
Distance = 400,000 km
Questions coming …
Question 8
Which one of the following is large enough
contain a nebula?
A a star
B a solar system
C a galaxy
D a planet
E none of these
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Question 9
Which of the following is wrong?
A The Universe consists of galaxies.
B Galaxies consist of stars.
C Solar systems consist of one star and planets.
D Planets get their light from their stars.
E All the above is correct.
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Question 10
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Where is the Sun located in the Universe?
A In space, far away from all galaxies.
B In the center of the Galaxy.
C In a nondescript location in the Galaxy.
D In the middle of a spiral arm of the Galaxy.
E In the center of the Universe.
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Question 11
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What is a light year?
sec
A A time as long as the lifetime of a star.
B A long time. Stars live a lot longer than one light year.
C A distance comparable to the distance between
closeby stars.
D A large distance. Closeby stars are usually much
closer to each other than one light year.
E A large distance, comparable to the size of the
whole Universe.
The age of the Universe
14 billion years ago: The ‘birth’ of the Universe - the Big Bang
100,000 years later: galaxies and first stars form
Jan 1
4.5 billion years ago: the Sun is born
Aug 1
100 million years later: the planets form
500 million years later: the planets cool off & pick up debris
Aug 3
Aug 13
0.2-0.06 billion years ago: age of the dinosaurs
Dec 24 - Dec 29, 7 am
0.02 billion years ago: oldest monkeys
Dec 31, 12 noon
0.000012 billion years ago: last ice age ended
Dec 31, 11:59:58.9 pm
0.000005 billion years ago: history
Dec 31, 11:59:59.5 pm
In the “one year” model
Questions coming …
Question 12
How old is the Universe?
A 1,400 years.
B 14,000 yeas.
C 14,000,000 years.
D 14,000,000,000 years.
E 14,000,000,000,000 years.
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Question 13
How old is the Sun?
A 4,500 years.
B 45,000 years.
C 4,500,000 years.
D 4,500,000,000 years.
E 4,500,000,000,000 years.
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Question 14
How long after the Sun was Earth formed,
compared to the age of the Sun?
A Earth was formed soon after of the Sun.
B Earth was formed half time between the formation
of the Sun and the present.
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C Earth was formed much more recently than the Sun was.
D Earth was formed long before the Sun
and was captured by its gravity.
E Earth was formed a short time before the Sun did.
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Question 15
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Our written history covers this much of
the existence of Earth …
A
B
C
D
E
99%
60%
10%
1%
0.0001%
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