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why preserve digital assets? Andrew Wilson Preservation Services and Projects Manager Arts and Humanities Data Service Funded by: Outline • • • • Funded by: what are digital assets why should we preserve them how should we preserve them issues What are digital assets • outputs of business activities – which have value to you for any reason, or – which have potential to add value to your activities/business • intellectual property • also: knowledge, both extrinsic (written down) and intrinsic (in people’s heads) Funded by: Some features of digital assets • digital assets in data collections may (will!) be diverse • often no print analogue • preservation requires a rich understanding of their use and makeup • importance of metadata Funded by: Why preserve digital assets – use case • increasing significance of data re-use Funded by: Why preserve digital assets - necessity • sheer amount of new information being created digitally each year • In 2002 3.5-5.6 exabytes Funded by: – almost ¾ of new information created was digital – by way of contrast three times this amount is not recorded (‘information flows’)– 99% telephone calls Other reasons to preserve digital assets • • • • • Funded by: statutory requirements protect and exploit institutional investments share innovation and information aid decision making build and preserve “the record” of institutional activity in new formats • create digital collections contextualized for different audiences and designed for re-use in different ways (e.g text and data mining) • risks and costs of not retaining digital assets Digital preservation Funded by: • storage is not preservation; archiving and preservation are not synonomous • use of Open Archival Information System (OAIS) model: ISO 14721 (2003) • an immediate need • general consensus that no single preservation approach will be sufficient Digital preservation - approaches • technology preservation • technology emulation – Universal Virtual Computer (UVC) • data migration Funded by: Issues Funded by: • selection • preservation – in what form and for how long • access/use (including discovery) • trust – integrity of data, authentication of content • costs • IPR a final thought “traditionally, preserving things meant keeping them unchanged; however … if we hold on to digital information without modifications, accessing the information will become increasingly more difficult, if not impossible.” Funded by: Su-Shing Chen, “The Paradox of Preservation”, Computer, March, 2001, pp. 2-6. Thank You! Funded by: © AHDS