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E-BUSINESS INFRASTRUCTURE NEED FOR STANDARDIZATION Rakesh Verma Additional Director General Bureau of Indian Standards e-business Infrastructure e-business infrastructure is the collection of platforms, networks, products, applications, databases and the business rules governing the flow of data and work among them, both internally and to external systems. e-business Infrastructure Integration of components into cohesive systems is achieved with customization, pre-built adapters and gateways, programme to programme inter-operation technologies, web services, distributed object protocols, cross platform development tools and languages. e-business Infrastructure Objective • Comprehensive integration of enterprise partners to streamline business processes and to develop effective collaboration amongst them for utilizing the extended trading network to add value. ‘For effective collaboration, interoperability is the theme for standardization.’ e-business Infrastructure Interoperability • Technical interoperability consists of the common methods and shared services for the communication, storage, processing and presentation of data. • Semantic or business interoperability includes discovery and collaboration aspects, including work flow and decision-making transactions. • Process interoperability. Interoperability is a prerequisite for devices and platforms that ‘talk to one another’ and services that are ‘portable from platform to platform’. e-business Infrastructure Standardization ‘Effective e-business infrastructure can only be created by standardization of interoperable solutions.’ e-business Infrastructure Standardization • To enhance the deployment of services that are interoperable and platform-independent. • To make e-business interactions more secure. • To facilitate e-business solutions that are adaptable to user needs. e business Infrastructure Components Legal and commercial eg CPPA, DDR, IPR Process models, modeling tools and templates User view eg STEP ARM Information in context Eg STEP AIM, BIE Scenario modelling e-Business Requirements Aggregated resources eg STEP ARs, Aggregate CC Core information Eg STEP IR, TDED core components BSR, ISO 15418 Code lists Dictionaries Catalogues Reference data repositories Naming conventions Terminology Product classification Object identifiers eg Shipping Labels, UID EDI security Text encoding Other encoding eg ASN.1 Language bindings Confidentiality Authentication Integrity Mark up Languages Non-repudiation Access control Availability Guidance eg MIG, PLCS DEX Core ICT standards, eg RFID, AIT, telecoms, character sets Web services Tech docs Conformance testing Need for Standardization to Create e-business Infrastructure for Marble Enterprise Value Chain SUPPLY OF DIAMOND BITS FINANCING WATER & ELECTRICITY SUPPLY OF SPARES SUPPLY OF HANDLING EQUIPMENT SUPPLY OF MANPOWER MARBLE FIXING & SETTING TILING PLANT RESELLERS MINING PROCESSING TRANSPORTATION ACQUIRING LEASE SALE OF UNPROCESSED BLOCKS SUPPLY OF FUEL POLLUTION CONTROL MINING REGULATION MARKETING EXPORT HANDLING CUSTOMERS EXPORT OF MARBLE Value Creation INDUSTRY BECOMING INFORMED COMPONENTS REASON TOGETHER INFORMED MAKING COLLABORATIVE PLANS TAKING COLLABORATIVE ACTION VALUE CREATED FOR THE ENTERPRISE AND THE CONSUMER VALUE CREATION AND ADDITION FOR THE CONSUMER Supply from manufacturer Power & Water suppliers Bills Agreement documents Quotations Supply order Send requirement Export documents Send bills Send requirement Suppliers Material reconciliation Documents Agreement done Bills Dispatch material Receipts Plant wise dispatch records Indent forms Store in warehouse Processing Plant Material use records Use for mining operations Dispatch marble blocks Issue of licenses Importer Dispatch Requirement Apply for licenses Rich Picture-I Dispatch by ship Arrange Transport Report forms Send mandatory reports Fixing export agency Export enquiries Collect information Transporter Tile unit Destination Documents License forms consumer Government Departments Requirement details Search for fixers Resellers Industry Drivers Mining Processing Marketing We Aim At… MARBLE FIXING UNITS CUSTOMERS TILING PLANT MINES PROCESSING PLANT OTHER COLLABORATORS SUPPLIERS Power & Water suppliers Supply from manufacturer Financial Institution Suppliers Send bills online Send requirement on On line loan & repayment line Export Agency Export enquiries on web Dispatch material Dispatch by ship Dispatch marble blocks Issue of licenses Importer Apply for licenses on line Send mandatory reports on line Tile unit DIRECT CONSUMER Rich Picture-II Resellers Government Departments Marble fixing unit Online search for fixers Plan for Integration • Resources and their availability • e-business integration in phases • Incremental growth of linkages Short term Medium term Long term TECHNICAL ARCHITECTURE INTER NET E-HUB CARRIER FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS EXTRANET MINES CARRIER SUPPLY CHIAN TRANSPORT CHAIN INTRA NET CARRIER PROCESSING PLANT EXTRANET Web server RESELLERS & TILE PLANTS PAYMENT SYSTEMS Data server GOVERNMENT ORGANIZATIONS Application server BANKS INTERNET OFC ISP END ONSUMER SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE Collaborators Supply Chain Management ERP Employees HRM & procurement BI EAI CRM Selling Chain Management Customers and resellers Finance & Management Stakeholders Architecture Development Process Product requirements Implementation architecture Programme requirements Application architecture Business requirements Business Model Application requirements IT Model Technical requirements Technical architecture Operational requirements Operational architecture Deployed Application Technology for Information Assimilation SENSE MAKING PROCESS CAUSES FOR MARBLE DEMAND VARIATION COURSE OF ACTION DEVELOPMENT ALTERNATIVE EVALUATION SEARCH ENGINE SENSE ENGINE SENSE ENGINE INTRINSIC INFORMATION WHICH CAUSES BE ATTENDED Application Infrastructure User External sources User Presentation Enterprise B2B Controller View controller Activity controller Application adapter Legacy system Process controller Application adapter Entity component Resource adapter Application developer Infrastructure Profile framework of long-term bulk Consumers/users Packaged application SERVICES Standardization in Technical Architecture Hosting & Connectivity Business Applications Computer Hardware Mobile Computing ASP Enablers E-Commerce & Web Designs e-business Infrastructure for Open Connectivity!! OTHER ENTERPRISES COLLABORATORS MARBLE ENTERPRISE E-BUSINESS INFRASTRUCTURE COLLABORATORS Infrastructure: Generic Model Edge Servers CUSTOMERS BUSINESS PARTNERS Directory and security servers Transaction Servers SUPPLIERS EMPLOYEES Web Presentation Servers Responsiveness Flexibility Reliability Manageability Web Application servers Data servers Scalability Interoperability What is required? • Stakeholders’ consensus on the key ebusiness infrastructure standards. • Efficient infrastructure to maintain selected standards for local needs. • Higher level of stakeholders’ participation in standardization and utilization of standards. • Accessibility and use of e-business infrastructure standards. BIS Plan of Action • • • • Identify opportunities for the activities to work in harmony, avoiding conflicts in developments. Find ways to use what others have developed. Identify a common desired subset rather than lowest common denominator of objects and related mappings between objects. Work towards common single flexible solutions except which are truly different from industry to industry.