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E-BUSINESS INFRASTRUCTURE
NEED FOR STANDARDIZATION
Rakesh Verma
Additional Director General
Bureau of Indian Standards
e-business Infrastructure
e-business
infrastructure
is
the
collection of platforms, networks,
products, applications, databases and
the business rules governing the flow
of data and work among them, both
internally and to external systems.
e-business Infrastructure
Integration
of
components
into
cohesive systems is achieved with
customization, pre-built adapters and
gateways, programme to programme
inter-operation
technologies,
web
services, distributed object protocols,
cross platform development tools and
languages.
e-business Infrastructure
Objective
• Comprehensive integration of enterprise
partners to streamline business processes
and to develop effective collaboration
amongst them for utilizing the extended
trading network to add value.
‘For effective collaboration, interoperability
is the theme for standardization.’
e-business Infrastructure
Interoperability
• Technical interoperability consists of the common
methods
and
shared
services
for
the
communication,
storage,
processing
and
presentation of data.
• Semantic or business interoperability includes
discovery and collaboration aspects, including work
flow and decision-making transactions.
• Process interoperability.
Interoperability is a prerequisite for devices and
platforms that ‘talk to one another’ and services that
are ‘portable from platform to platform’.
e-business Infrastructure
Standardization
‘Effective e-business infrastructure can
only be created by standardization of
interoperable solutions.’
e-business Infrastructure
Standardization
• To enhance the deployment of
services that are interoperable and
platform-independent.
• To make e-business interactions more
secure.
• To facilitate e-business solutions that
are adaptable to user needs.
e business Infrastructure
Components
Legal and commercial eg CPPA, DDR, IPR
Process models, modeling tools and templates
User view
eg STEP ARM
Information in
context
Eg STEP AIM, BIE
Scenario modelling
e-Business Requirements
Aggregated
resources eg STEP
ARs,
Aggregate CC
Core information
Eg STEP IR, TDED
core components
BSR, ISO 15418
Code lists
Dictionaries
Catalogues
Reference data
repositories
Naming
conventions
Terminology
Product
classification
Object identifiers eg Shipping Labels, UID
EDI
security
Text
encoding
Other
encoding
eg ASN.1
Language
bindings
Confidentiality
Authentication
Integrity
Mark up
Languages
Non-repudiation
Access control
Availability
Guidance eg MIG, PLCS DEX
Core ICT standards, eg RFID, AIT, telecoms, character sets
Web
services
Tech
docs
Conformance testing
Need for Standardization to Create
e-business Infrastructure for
Marble Enterprise
Value Chain
SUPPLY OF
DIAMOND BITS
FINANCING
WATER
& ELECTRICITY
SUPPLY OF
SPARES
SUPPLY OF
HANDLING
EQUIPMENT
SUPPLY OF
MANPOWER
MARBLE FIXING
& SETTING
TILING PLANT
RESELLERS
MINING
PROCESSING
TRANSPORTATION
ACQUIRING
LEASE
SALE OF
UNPROCESSED
BLOCKS
SUPPLY OF FUEL
POLLUTION
CONTROL
MINING
REGULATION
MARKETING
EXPORT
HANDLING
CUSTOMERS
EXPORT OF
MARBLE
Value Creation
INDUSTRY BECOMING INFORMED
COMPONENTS REASON TOGETHER
INFORMED
MAKING COLLABORATIVE PLANS
TAKING COLLABORATIVE ACTION
VALUE CREATED FOR THE ENTERPRISE AND
THE CONSUMER
VALUE CREATION AND
ADDITION FOR THE
CONSUMER
Supply from
manufacturer
Power & Water
suppliers
Bills
Agreement
documents
Quotations
Supply order
Send
requirement
Export
documents
Send bills
Send
requirement
Suppliers
Material
reconciliation
Documents
Agreement
done
Bills
Dispatch
material
Receipts
Plant wise
dispatch
records
Indent forms
Store
in
warehouse
Processing
Plant
Material use
records
Use for
mining
operations
Dispatch
marble
blocks
Issue of
licenses
Importer
Dispatch
Requirement
Apply for
licenses
Rich
Picture-I
Dispatch
by ship
Arrange
Transport
Report forms
Send
mandatory
reports
Fixing
export
agency
Export
enquiries
Collect
information
Transporter
Tile unit
Destination
Documents
License
forms
consumer
Government
Departments
Requirement
details
Search for
fixers
Resellers
Industry Drivers
Mining
Processing
Marketing
We Aim At…
MARBLE
FIXING UNITS
CUSTOMERS
TILING
PLANT
MINES
PROCESSING
PLANT
OTHER
COLLABORATORS
SUPPLIERS
Power & Water
suppliers
Supply from
manufacturer
Financial Institution
Suppliers
Send bills
online
Send
requirement on
On line loan &
repayment
line
Export
Agency
Export
enquiries
on web
Dispatch
material
Dispatch by
ship
Dispatch
marble
blocks
Issue of
licenses
Importer
Apply for licenses
on line
Send mandatory
reports on line
Tile unit
DIRECT
CONSUMER
Rich Picture-II
Resellers
Government
Departments
Marble fixing unit
Online search
for fixers
Plan for Integration
• Resources and their availability
• e-business integration in phases
• Incremental growth of linkages
Short term
Medium term Long term
TECHNICAL ARCHITECTURE
INTER
NET
E-HUB
CARRIER
FINANCIAL
INSTITUTIONS
EXTRANET
MINES
CARRIER
SUPPLY CHIAN
TRANSPORT
CHAIN
INTRA NET
CARRIER
PROCESSING
PLANT
EXTRANET
Web server
RESELLERS &
TILE PLANTS
PAYMENT
SYSTEMS
Data server
GOVERNMENT
ORGANIZATIONS
Application server
BANKS
INTERNET
OFC
ISP
END ONSUMER
SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE
Collaborators
Supply Chain Management
ERP
Employees
HRM &
procurement
BI
EAI
CRM
Selling Chain Management
Customers
and resellers
Finance &
Management
Stakeholders
Architecture Development Process
Product
requirements
Implementation
architecture
Programme
requirements
Application
architecture
Business
requirements
Business Model
Application
requirements
IT Model
Technical
requirements
Technical
architecture
Operational
requirements
Operational
architecture
Deployed
Application
Technology for Information
Assimilation
SENSE MAKING
PROCESS
CAUSES FOR
MARBLE
DEMAND
VARIATION
COURSE OF
ACTION
DEVELOPMENT
ALTERNATIVE
EVALUATION
SEARCH ENGINE
SENSE ENGINE
SENSE ENGINE
INTRINSIC
INFORMATION
WHICH CAUSES
BE ATTENDED
Application Infrastructure
User
External
sources
User
Presentation
Enterprise
B2B Controller
View controller
Activity
controller
Application
adapter
Legacy system
Process
controller
Application
adapter
Entity
component
Resource
adapter
Application developer
Infrastructure
Profile framework of
long-term bulk
Consumers/users
Packaged
application
SERVICES
Standardization in Technical
Architecture
Hosting & Connectivity
Business Applications
Computer Hardware
Mobile Computing
ASP Enablers
E-Commerce &
Web Designs
e-business Infrastructure for
Open Connectivity!!
OTHER ENTERPRISES
COLLABORATORS
MARBLE
ENTERPRISE
E-BUSINESS
INFRASTRUCTURE
COLLABORATORS
Infrastructure: Generic Model
Edge Servers
CUSTOMERS
BUSINESS
PARTNERS
Directory and security
servers
Transaction
Servers
SUPPLIERS
EMPLOYEES
Web
Presentation
Servers
Responsiveness
Flexibility
Reliability
Manageability
Web
Application
servers
Data servers
Scalability
Interoperability
What is required?
• Stakeholders’ consensus on the key ebusiness infrastructure standards.
• Efficient infrastructure to maintain selected
standards for local needs.
• Higher level of stakeholders’ participation
in standardization and utilization of
standards.
• Accessibility and use of e-business
infrastructure standards.
BIS Plan of Action
•
•
•
•
Identify opportunities for the activities
to work in harmony, avoiding conflicts
in developments.
Find ways to use what others have
developed.
Identify a common desired subset
rather than lowest common
denominator of objects and related
mappings between objects.
Work towards common single flexible
solutions except which are truly
different from industry to industry.