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Digestive system Words English word Pronunciation Lithuanian word Mouth /maʊθ/ Burna Saliva /səˈlaɪ.və/ Seilės Tongue /tʌŋ/ Liežuvis Parotid gland /pəˈrɒt.ɪd/ /ɡlænd/ Paausinė liauka Sublingual gland /ˌsʌbˈlɪŋ.ɡwəl//ɡlænd/ Poliežuvinė liauka Submandibular gland /ˌsʌb.mænˈdɪb.jə.lər//ɡlæn Pažandinė liauka d/ Salivary glands /ˈsæl.ɪ.vər.i//ɡlænds/ Seilių liaukos Pharynx Pharynges /ˈfær.ɪŋks/ /færˈɪn.dʒiːz/ Ryklė Ryklės Esophagus /ɪˈsɑf·ə·ɡəs/ Stemplė Stomach /ˈstʌm.ək/ Skrandis Pancreas /ˈpæŋ.kri.əs/ Kasa Words English word Pronunciation Lithuanian word Spleen /spliːn/ Blužnis Gallbladder /ɡɑːlblæd.ər/ Tulžies pūslė Duodenum (plural duodenums or duodena ) /ˌdjuː.əˈdiː.nəm/ Dvylikapirštė žarna Jejunum /dʒɪˈdʒuːnəm/ Tuščioji žarna Ileum Pl. Ilea /ˈɪl.i.əm/ /ˈɪl.i.ə/ Klubinė žarna Klubinės žarnos Small intestine /smɔːl ɪnˈtes.tɪn/ Plonoji žarna Cecum Pl. Ceca /ˈsiː.kəm/ /ˈsiː.kə/ Akloji žarna Aklosios Colon /ˈkəʊ.lɒn/ Gaubtinė žarna Transverse (colon) /trænzˈvɜːs / Skersinė (žarna) Descending (colon) /dɪˈsend.ɪŋ/ Nusileidžiančioji (žarna) Words English word Pronunciation Lithuanian word Ascending (colon) /əˈsen.dɪŋ/ Kylančioji (žarna) Sigmoid (colon) /ˈsɪɡ.mɔɪd/ Riestinė (žarna) Rectum (colon) /ˈrek.təm/ Tiesioji (žarna) Appendix /əˈpen.dɪks/ Apendiksas (kirmėlinė atauga) Anus /ˈeɪ.nəs/ Išangė Large intestine /lɑːrdʒ ɪnˈtes.tɪn/ Storoji žarna Bowel /ˈbaʊ.əl/ Žarnynas Liver /ˈlɪv.ər/ Kepenys Functions Mouth • The mouth is the beginning of the digestive tract. Chewing breaks the food into pieces that are more easily digested, while saliva mixes with food to begin the process of breaking it down into a form your body can absorb and use. Pharynx • From here, food travels to the esophagus or swallowing tube. Esophagus • The esophagus is a muscular tube extending from the pharynx to the stomach. Stomach • The stomach is a sac-like organ with strong muscular walls. • The stomach secretes acid and powerful enzymes that continue the process of breaking down the food. Small intestine • Made up of three segments, the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum, the small intestine is a long tube loosely coiled in the abdomen (pilvas). • The small intestine continues the process of breaking down food by using enzymes released by the pancreas and bile from the liver. • In small intestine starts process called absorption (įsiurbimas). Pancreas • Among other functions, the oblong (pailga) pancreas secretes enzymes into the small intestine. Liver • The liver has many functions, but two of its main functions within the digestive system are: 1. to make and secrete bile; 2. to cleanse and purify the blood coming from the small intestine containing the nutrients just absorbed. Gallbladder • The gallbladder is a pear-shaped reservoir that sits just under the liver and stores bile. Large intestine • The large intestine is the last part of the digestive system in vertebrates (stuburinių gyvūnų). Water is absorbed here and the remaining waste material is stored as feces before being removed