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INVASIVE SPECIES – Boyceville Invitiational – December 3rd 2016 Station 1: 1. Chilli Thrips 2. Scirtothrips dorsalis 3. Florida – landscape ornamentals and retail plants 4. Southeast Asia or India 5. piercing and sucking mouthparts cause damage by extracting the contents of individual epidermal cells leading to necrosis of tissue Station2: 6. European Gypsy Moth 7. Lymantria dispar 8. over short distances occurs as newly hatched larvae spin short lengths of silken thread which allow them to be blown by the wind, long distances on outdoor household articles 9. place egg masses in kerosene or soapy water, burning egg masses, freezing temperatures, burlap apron around tree, native predators (birds, mice, ground beetles) 10. fall webworms or eastern tent caterpillars Station 3: 11. Hemlock Wolly Adelgid 12. sucks fluid from the base of hemlock needles. It may also inject toxins into the tree as it feeds, accelerating needle drop and branch dieback 13. enters dormancy in hot summer months (halo of waxy wool around body) 14. all individuals are female with asexual reproduction 15. restore areas infected by replanting with native species (or those ecologically similar) not impacted by the adelgid Station 4: 16. pink hibiscus mealybug 17. Maconellicoccus hirsutus 18. injects a toxic saliva that causes malformations in leaves and shoots (characteristic curling) 19. pesticides cannot easily penetrate the waxy layers on the body, cutting and burning was not effective either 20. ants – harvest the honeydew excreted and protect from predation Station 5: 21. Pterois volitans 22. 5 to 15 years 23. Indo-Pacific (South Pacific & Indian Oceans) 24. small fish, invertebrates, mollusks 25. true Station 6: 26. Rusty crayfish 27. much of Minnesota, Wisconsin, Michigan, Illinois, Ontario, and portions of 17 other states 28. displace native crayfish, reduce amount/kinds of aquatic plants, decrease density/variety invertebrates, reduce some fish populations 29. lakes, ponds, streams with rocks, logs or debris as cover 30. once hatched, young crayfish cling to the female's swimmerets for three to four molts Station 7: 31. Phyllorhiza punctata 32. impacts shrimp industry by clogging nets and damaging fishing equipment 33. filter feeder – nematocysts to sting prey (zooplankton) 34. warm temperate seas, near the surface in murky waters near estuaries, wide distribution along Australian coastal and lagoon waters (affected by low salinity) 35. free living medusa & sessile polyp Station 8: 36. china, japan, korea 37. wildlife habitat, windbreaks, restore deforested and degraded lands & erosion control 38. creates dense shade that hinders plant growth, produces lots of seeds (200,000) 39. can grow in unfavorable soils due to nitrogen fixing nodules. also drought tolerant 40. silvery scaling that covers the young stems, leaves, flowers, and fruits Station 9: 41. Chinese tallow 42. invades stream banks, riverbanks, and wet areas like ditches as well as upland sites. thrives in both freshwater and saline soils. 43. berries and sap have toxins & high quantity of acidic tannins in the leaves 44. true 45. seed-oil crop (candles, soap, cloth dressing and fuel from tallow), stillingia oil for machines, lamps, varnishes and paints; converted to charcoal, ethanol and methanol; possible substitute for petroleum? Station 10: 46. Lepidium appelianum 47. Eurasia 48. contaminated alfalfa seeds 49. moist, alkaline 50. false Station 11: 51. Kudzu 52. spreads by stolons (runners) that root at the node and by rhizomes 53. a. a fibrous knob of tissue that sits on top of the roots b. it is the source for new vines 54. true 55. true Station 12: 56. Euphorbia esula 57. white latex. Can cause irritation, blotching, blisters, and swelling in sensitive individuals. diarrhea in cattle/horses. 58. the three-sided capsules explode when ripe, sending the enclosed seeds up to 15 feet from the parent plant. seeds are covered in a sticky gel that can easily attach to animals and humans. seeds also float on water, and can be transported and deposited by flood water. 59. Picloram (Tordon) 60. True Station 13: 61. Didymosphenia geminata 62. silica 63. raphe 64. Soak and scrub all items for at least one minute in either hot (60 °C) water, a 2% solution of household bleach, antiseptic hand cleaner, or dishwashing detergent. 65. cool, temperate regions. Low nutrient levels Station 14: 66. Hydrilla 67. Florida – aquarium trade. deemed unsatisfactory and dumped into canal near Tampa Bay 68. stratification of water column, decreased dissolved oxygen, block light, create thick mats to obstruct boats, swimming and fish, decreased property value on shorefront homes, waterfowl feeding areas and spawning sites, reduced weight/size of fish 69. grass carp 70. it is a known bioremediation hyperaccumulator of mercury, cadmium, chromium and lead Station 15: 71. Linaria vulgaris 72. true 73. true 74. butter and eggs 75. forms large colonies, high seed production and rapid dispersal rate, along with rhizomes Station 16: 76. Siroccus clavigignenti juglandacearum 77. fungus 78. asexually by spores 79. Wisconsin 80. rain splash and wind Station 17: 81. Orbivirus 82. causes foot lesions and animals shift weight frequently 83. biting midges, ticks or sheep keds 84. false 85. Europe/Mediterranean Station 18: 86. Styela clava 87. filter feeder: zooplankton, phytoplankton, detritus 88. subtidal zone attached to rocks, pilings, floating docks, hulls of ships 89. 2-3 years 90. -2 to 27 C Station 19: 96. Striga 97. true 98. 90,000-500,000 99. signaling molecules that promote striga seed germination 100. involves planting a species in an infested field that will induce the Striga seeds to germinate but will not support attachment of the parasite Station 20: 91. a. purple loosestrife (aesthetic) b. nutria (economic) c. starlings (cultural) d. Asian beetle (transfer in packing material) e. zebra mussel(ballast water) 92. $1.7 billion per year 93. D 94. a. NISA, c. Lacey, b. USDA APHIS 95. 42%