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Chapter
Chapter1
2
The Whole
Numbers
Copyright © 2015, 2011, 2008 Pearson Education, Inc.
Slide 1
Section 1.6
Multiplying Whole
Numbers and
Area
Copyright © 2015, 2011, 2008 Pearson Education, Inc.
Slide 2
Multiplying Whole Numbers
Multiplication is repeated addition but with different
notation.

6  30
6+6+6+6+6= 5

factor

factor

product
The  is called a multiplication sign.
Copyright © 2015, 2011, 2008 Pearson Education, Inc.
Slide 3
Properties
Multiplication Property of 0
The product of 0 and any number is 0. For example,
5  0 = 0 and 0  8 = 0.
Multiplication Property of 1
The product of 1 and any number is that same number.
For example,
1  9 = 9 and 7  1 = 7.
Copyright © 2015, 2011, 2008 Pearson Education, Inc.
Slide 4
Example
Multiply.
a. 4 × 1 = 4
b. 0(5) = 0
c. 1(52) = 52
d. (76)(0) = 0
Copyright © 2015, 2011, 2008 Pearson Education, Inc.
Slide 5
Properties
Commutative Property of Multiplication
Changing the order of two factors does not change their
product. For example,
4  3 = 12 and 3  4 = 12.
Associative Property of Multiplication
Changing the grouping of factors does not change their
product. For example,
(2  3)  4 = 2  (3  4).
Copyright © 2015, 2011, 2008 Pearson Education, Inc.
Slide 6
Properties
Distributive Property
Multiplication distributes over addition. For example,
2(3 + 4) = 2  3 + 2  4
Copyright © 2015, 2011, 2008 Pearson Education, Inc.
Slide 7
Example
Rewrite 4(5 + 6) using the distributive property.
4(5 + 6) = 4  5 + 4  6
Copyright © 2015, 2011, 2008 Pearson Education, Inc.
Slide 8
Multiplying Whole Numbers
Example:
Use the distributive property to multiply 3 and 79.
3(79)  3(70  9)
 3  70  3  9
 210  27
 237
Write 79 in expanded form.
Apply the Distributive Property.
Multiply.
Add.
Copyright © 2015, 2011, 2008 Pearson Education, Inc.
Slide 9
Multiplying Whole Numbers
Example:
Multiply 624 by 3.
1
624
 3
1872
Copyright © 2015, 2011, 2008 Pearson Education, Inc.
Slide 10
Multiplying Whole Numbers
Example:
Multiply 91 by 72.
91
 72
182
6370
6552
Copyright © 2015, 2011, 2008 Pearson Education, Inc.
Slide 11
Multiplying Whole Numbers Ending in Zero(s)
Example:
Multiply 3 by 9000.
3  9000 = 3  9 1000
= (27)  1000
= 27,000
Copyright © 2015, 2011, 2008 Pearson Education, Inc.
Slide 12
Finding the Area of a Rectangle
Example:
Find the area of the following rectangle.
12 inches
4 inches
12
 4
48 square inches
Copyright © 2015, 2011, 2008 Pearson Education, Inc.
Slide 13
Solving Problems by Multiplying
Key Words or
Phrases
Example
Symbols
Multiply
Multiply 3 by 4
34
Product
The product of 5 and 10
5  10
Times
6 times 4
64
Copyright © 2015, 2011, 2008 Pearson Education, Inc.
Slide 14
Example
A particular color printer can print 21 pages per
minute. How many pages can it print in 25
minutes?
Pages per minute  Number of minutes
=
21  25
21
 25
105
420
525 pages
Copyright © 2015, 2011, 2008 Pearson Education, Inc.
Slide 15
Example
A professor of history purchased DVDs and CDs
through a club. Each DVD was priced at $11 and
each CD cost $9. He bought eight DVDs and five
CDs. Find the total cost of the order.
Price of 8 DVDs = (11)(8) = $88
Price of 5 CDs = 5(9) = $45
Total = $88 + $45
= $133
Copyright © 2015, 2011, 2008 Pearson Education, Inc.
Slide 16
Example
If an average page in a book contains 163 words,
estimate, rounding each number to the nearest
hundred, the total number of words contained on
391 pages.
163 rounds to 200
391 rounds to 400
200(400) = 80,000 words
Copyright © 2015, 2011, 2008 Pearson Education, Inc.
Slide 17