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ALLENDALE Conservation Area Character Appraisal Consultation Draft - December 2008 Allendale Conservation Area Character Appraisal. Consultation Draft. Page 1 Note. This document is a Consultation Draft that will be subjected to extensive consultation and consequent revision in early 2009, after which a more comprehensive and better illustrated version will be published. A few sections of this draft remain incomplete – these will be completed during the consultation phase. Contents 1. Summary of Special Significance 2. Introduction 2.1 The Allendale Conservation Area 2.2 Conservation Areas 2.3 Conservation Area Character Appraisals 2.4 Public consultation 3. Location, geology and topography 4. Origins and history 4.1 Before Allendale 4.2 Medieval Allendale 4.2.1 Documentary evidence 4.2.2 The medieval church 4.2.3 Medieval settlement form 4.2.4 Leadmining 4.3 Post-medieval Allendale 4.3.1 The Post-medieval lead industry 4.3.2 Churches and chapels 4.3.3 Post-medieval Settlement 4.4 Twentieth-century Allendale 5. Historic Landscape Characterisation 6. Approaching Allendale 7. The character of the conservation area 7.1 General character 7.2 Character areas 7.2.1. The Market Place 7.2.2. Bridge End 7.2.3. The Peth 7.2.4. Wentworth Terrace and Shield Street 7.2.5. The eastern fringe 8. Architectural features and materials 9. Open spaces and woodland 10. Other components of Allendale’s character 10.1 Boundary walls 10.2 Roads, pavements and other surfaces 10.3 Signage 10.4 Street furniture and other historic features 11. Pressures, problems and capacity for change 12. Sources 13. Acknowledgements Appendices 1. Listed buildings in the Allendale Conservation Area. 2. Tynedale Council policies. Allendale Conservation Area Character Appraisal. Consultation Draft. Page 2 1. Summary of Special Significance Allendale ‘Town’ is a historic settlement centred on a large Market Place, on a plateau above the east bank of the River East Allen. It is first recorded in the thirteenth century, and thrived during the 18th and 19th centuries during which it developed in association with the lead industry. Whether or not the settlement should truly be referred to as a town rather than a village is open to debate, but given the historical authenticity of the name (formerly Allenton, latterly Allendale Town) it will be referred to here as a town. Allendale Town’s unique character derives essentially from the way in which an interesting collection of late 18th and 19th century buildings cluster round the four sides of the Market Place. While few of these buildings are of any great architectural value in their own right, collectively they are priceless. Notable amongst them are four pubs, important contributors to contemporary life in Allendale. The town is famous for its claim to represent the geographical ‘Centre of Britain’, and for its New Year’s Eve ‘Tar Barrel Festival’ which some claim dates back to the mid nineteenth century (although the absence of any reference to it in George Dickinson’s 1903 Allendale and Whitfield, which includes an extensive section on local ‘manners, customs and amusements’, might suggest its origins are not quite so ancient). Allendale won the accolade of Northumberland’s ‘Best Kept Village’ several times in the 1950s and 1960s, and the prestigious ‘Calor Village of the Year’ title in 2007; today’s residents are justly proud of their historic ‘town’. Despite the development of much mid to late 20th century housing, on the Allenfields Estate and elsewhere, the historic core, represented today by the Conservation Area, retains its unique historic character that deserves sensitive management to ensure its long-term survival for the benefit of residents and visitors alike. General view of the Market Place from the southwest. Allendale Conservation Area Character Appraisal. Consultation Draft. Page 3 2. Introduction 2.1 The Allendale Conservation Area The Allendale Conservation Area, extending over ?? hectares, was designated by Tynedale Council in 19??. It includes the historic core of the town, a linear extension to the south to take in the early nineteenth-century terrace of Wentworth Place, the wooded east bank of the East Allen between the town and the river, and the hamlet of Bridge End/Wooley Burnfoot on the river’s west bank. Air photograph of Allendale Town showing extent of Conservation Area (CA boundary still to be added) 2.2 Conservation Areas It is now widely recognised that the historic environment contributes enormously to this nation’s economic well-being and quality of life, and levels of public support for the conservation of the historic environment are growing ever higher. Conservation Area legislation does not strive to prevent change, but to manage it in such a way that the special qualities of a Conservation Area are maintained, if not enhanced. Conservation Areas are designated under the provision of Section 69 of the Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) Act 1990. A Conservation Area is defined as ‘an area of special architectural or historic interest, the character or appearance of which it is desirable to preserve or enhance’. Allendale Conservation Area Character Appraisal. Consultation Draft. Page 4 Legislation regarding conservation areas is set out in the Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) Act 1990, and government policy is outlined in Planning Policy Guidance Note 15, Planning and the Historic Environment. The legislation places a duty on local authorities to declare as conservation areas those areas under their jurisdiction that they consider to be of special architectural or historic interest, and to review these designations from time to time. Conservation area status leads to greater control over changes that can be made to buildings, including the need to secure consent for any demolition work, strengthens control over certain minor forms of development, and provides automatic protection for trees. The Local Authority has a duty, in exercising its planning powers (for example when determining planning applications), to pay special attention to the desirability of preserving or enhancing the character and appearance of Conservation Areas. It must also draw up and publish, from time to time, proposals for preservation and enhancement, such proposals to be drawn up in association with the local community. Tynedale Council’s policies relating to conservation areas are outlined in Appendix 2 of this document. 2.3 Conservation Area Character Appraisals The Character Appraisal represents the first phase of a dynamic process aimed at the conservation and enhancement of the conservation area. It is an assessment of those features and qualities that make an individual conservation area special. These can include individual buildings, groups of buildings, other structures, architectural details and materials, open spaces, landscaping, street furniture, and the relationships between all of these. The special qualities can also include more abstract notions such as sounds, tranquillity, smells, and literary or historic associations. This appraisal will help to raise awareness and appreciation of Allendale’s special character, while also providing a consistent and sound basis on which to determine planning applications affecting the village. Large or complex conservation areas are often divided into separate Character Areas for the purposes of the Appraisal, while smaller and less complex areas are usually appraised as single units. As explained in section 7, below, Allendale has been divided into 5 separate character areas for the purpose of this appraisal. This appraisal also seeks to identify any factors that detract from the conservation area’s special qualities and to which special attention could be paid in the forthcoming Management Plan. These are outlined here in section 11. This appraisal discusses a large number of structures and features within Allendale, but no appraisal can ever be entirely comprehensive and the omission of any particular building, feature or space should certainly not be taken to imply that it is of no interest. This draft version of the Allendale Conservation Area Character Appraisal was produced by the North Pennines AONB Partnership for Tynedale Council Allendale Conservation Area Character Appraisal. Consultation Draft. Page 5 during November/December 2008 following the methodology suggested by English Heritage. It will now be subjected to public consultation before being presented to Tynedale Council for adoption. Once adopted, the next stage will be the production of a detailed Management Plan for the conservation area. 2.4 Public consultation Public consultation is an integral part of the appraisal process. This Consultation Draft will form the basis for local consultation, including a drop-in event to be held in the town, after which it will be amended according to the views of residents before being presented to the local authority for adoption. People will be encouraged to bring along old maps and old photographs, some of which may be incorporated into this document. Residents will be encouraged to suggest ways in which the Allendale townscape could be enhanced, and their views will be incorporated into section 11 of the revised appraisal. Allendale Conservation Area Character Appraisal. Consultation Draft. Page 6 3. Location, geology and topography Allendale is located in the East Allen Valley, some 14km (9 miles) south of Hexham. It lies at NGR NY842555 on a spur above the east bank of a loop in the river, although the conservation area also includes Bridge End adjacent to the bridge on the west bank. The Market Place is at 238 metres above sea level, while the Bridge lies at 215 metres. The local geology is limestone and Namurian Sandstone, overlain by glacial boulder clay. Veins of lead-bearing ore in the local rocks have been exploited since as least as long ago as medieval times, playing a key role in Allendale’s history. The valley’s agricultural landscape is principally of pasture fields, interspersed with extensive areas of woodland, giving way to open moorland on the surrounding high hills. The nature of the local historic environment is considered further in section 5, below. Modern OS map extract and aerial photograph showing Allendale Town in its local landscape setting. Allendale Conservation Area Character Appraisal. Consultation Draft. Page 7 4. Origins and history An outline of Allendale’s history is essential to an understanding of the town’s present form and character, and thus to its future management. Although this account has been compiled from various sources, it owes much to the draft report provided by Williams (2007) which itself collates information from many earlier references. A list of the main sources consulted during the production of this appraisal is provided towards the end of this document. 4.1 Before Allendale Perhaps surprisingly, there is no evidence for any human activity in the immediate vicinity of Allendale Town in prehistoric, Roman or Anglo-Saxon times. This, of course, does not mean that no-one was here, just that no evidence of any activity has yet been recovered. In the wider landscape, a ridge-top Mesolithic campsite (from which over 1,000 worked flints have been recovered) existed at Flow Moss on Allendale Fell, south-west of the village. This would probably have been occupied on a seasonal basis, possibly over several centuries, by bands of hunter-gatherers 6,000 or more years ago. A polished stone axe and several flint arrowheads have also been recovered from the hills above the valley, indicating activity here during Neolithic times, although the nature of this activity remains unclear. A socketed bronze axe of late Bronze-Age date was recovered from somewhere west of the town in the 19??s, but on its own this tells us nothing about the nature of settlement here during later prehistory. Similarly, nothing is known of activity here during Roman or Anglo-Saxon times, although it seems inconceivable that no form of temporary or permanent settlement existed in the area throughout all this time. Careful archaeological survey, or perhaps chance discoveries, may yet provide evidence for settlement in and around Allendale prior to medieval times. However, it is possible, if unlikely, that there was no permanent settlement here prior to the Norman Conquest, with the area perhaps exploited largely for woodland resources and hunting. 4.2 Medieval Allendale 4.2.1 Documentary evidence In the reign of Henry I (1100-35) Hexhamshire, including Allendale, was detached from the see of Durham and granted to the Archbishopric of York, where it remained until 1545. The tithes of Allendale and the rest of the liberty of Hexham were granted by Thomas, Archbishop of York to Hexham Priory in 1113 and occasional references suggest that a strong link between Allendale and Hexham was maintained throughout medieval times. The Hexham Black Book of 1479 mentions a house with half an acre of land rented at 6s 8d in Alwenton, and a survey of the Manor of Hexham in 1547 shows that 25 copyholders in Alwenton paid a total of £6 7s 11d rent. Allendale was originally divided into four grieveships, or townships, but between 1547 and 1608 ‘Allenton’ (Allendale Town) was separated from the East Allen grieveship. Allendale Town appears in medieval and post-medieval Allendale Conservation Area Character Appraisal. Consultation Draft. Page 8 documents with various spellings, but seems to have been referred to most commonly as Allenton by the early 18th century. 4.2.2 The medieval church The earliest documentary evidence for a chapel at Allendale dates from 1174 (the earliest known reference to a settlement at Allendale) when the chapel and cemetery of ‘Allenton’ were under the control of the Prior of Hexham. A survey of the manor of Hexham in 1547 records a parcel of land belonging to the Church of St Mary at Allenton. Later documents record the tithes of Allendale and chantry lands in 1602, and a stipend for the church in 1650. A drawing of the chapel by Hair shows it comprised a chancel and nave and that it was probably rebuilt in the 14th century; on the west gable was a double belfry for two small bells. Records suggest a major rebuilding of the church in 1670, which is probably when a substantial south aisle was added. The chapel was eventually demolished in 1807 and replaced with the Church of St Cuthbert. 4.2.3 Medieval settlement form There must have been a medieval village at Allendale, focused on the church, from at least as early as the 12th century, but we know nothing of its nature. It has been suggested that the green marked on the first edition Ordnance Survey of 1860 may once have been much larger and that buildings of a medieval village may have been arranged around it, but this is no more than conjecture. In the absence of archaeological evidence relating to the form of Allendale in medieval times, there is little more that we can say on the subject. Without doubt, evidence will be preserved within the ground, and future archaeological investigation should have much to tell us about the development of the village. 4.2.4 Leadmining Although evidence is currently lacking, we may reasonably assume that medieval settlement at Allendale was linked with leadmining. Leadmining is documented in the North Pennines from the early 12th century when the lead veins of Alston were being worked for silver. The earliest documentary reference to lead mining in Allendale dates from 1230, when Archbishop Gray granted one mine to Alan son of Ralph, Robert le Tanur, Richard Mariscall, Simon de Alston and Alan Nentesbire. In a Survey of 1547 only one lead mine is recorded in East Allendale; this was let out by the king to John Shele, presumably a local man. 4.3 Post-medieval Allendale 4.3.1 The Post-medieval lead industry. After the Dissolution of the Monasteries, all the lands owned by Hexham Abbey, including Allendale, passed into private hands. Allendale was purchased by Sir William Blackett of Wallington in 1689, and after passing through marriage to the Wentworth and Beaumont familes, it became the property of Wentworth Blackett Beaumont, later created 1st Baron Allendale, in 1848. (Today the Allendale Estate is still owned by the Blackett-Beaumont Allendale Conservation Area Character Appraisal. Consultation Draft. Page 9 family, in the person of Lord Allendale). Under Blackett-Beaumont ownership, the lead resources of the valley were extensively exploited, and Allendale Town developed into the area’s largest and most important settlement. There is no evidence for industrial activity associated with the lead industry within the conservation area, so the nature of this will not be considered in any detail here, but it is important to recognise that it was the expansion of the lead industry during the 17th, 18th and 19th centuries, and in particular the growth of the hugely important Allen Smelt Mill to the north, that provided the context for the growth of Allendale Town. 4.3.2 Churches and chapels. The Church of St Cuthbert, replacing the old chapel, was built in 1807 and subsequently rebuilt, retaining the 1807 tower, in 1873. Methodism was practised in Allendale from the mid 18th century and the original Trinity Methodist Church was built in 1760, then rebuilt in 1839 and again in 1877. The first Primitive Methodist chapel was built in 1835; this became a Sunday School when a new, larger chapel (now the library) was constructed next door in 1878. A century prior to the advent of Methodism, the Quakers were present in Allendale, meeting in private houses prior to the construction of the Burnfoot Meeting House at Bridge End in 1735; this was rebuilt in 1868 and remains in use today. St Cuthbert’s Church (left) and Burnfoot Meeting House (right). 4.3.3 Post-medieval Settlement ‘Allenton’ is shown on Speed’s 1610 map of Northumberland, but this does not indicate the form or extent of the settlement at the time. An entry in the Archbishop of York’s papers for 1704 records Allendale as ‘a large and populous parish’, but no detail is given regarding the form of the ‘Town’. Armstrong’s map of 1769 shows the church and village of ‘Allondale’, but again provides no useful information regarding the layout of the village. Documentary sources however record that the village was centred on a market place located to the west of the church as is the case today, although the market place has now been partly infilled by buildings. At the end of the 18th century, an agricultural survey of the county described Allendale town as ‘a neat little town, almost every other building of which is a public house for the miners’ with a Friday-market. Allendale Conservation Area Character Appraisal. Consultation Draft. Page 10 Details from Speed’s map of 1610 (left) and Armstrong’s of 1769 (right). The earliest school in Allendale dates from 1704; the building still stands today and is in use as a private dwelling, Brideshill Cottage. A ‘Beaumont School’ was built nearby in 1851, replaced in turn by ‘Allendale Board School’ (now Allendale First School) in 1880. Nineteenth-century references record drunkenness, violence and antisocial behaviour in Allendale Market Place, and it may be inferred that this sort of behaviour was commonplace in a town with so many inns. No less than seventeen pubs are recorded in the parish in 1827, when the Allendale Brewery was set up on the site of an earlier brewery; the Allendale Brewery was in operation through until 1887, and its tradition is maintained by the present-day Allendale Brewing Company (located outside the conservation area) which commenced brewing in 2006. Pubs which appear on the First Edition Ordnance Survey of 1860 in the Market Place were The Fox and Lamb Inn (now the Allendale Inn), the Hare and Hounds Inn, the Three Tuns Inn, and the Rose and Crown Inn (now the Old Studio). In the 1780s there was another inn called The Green, later the Black Bull, which is now the site of the early 19th century Tea Rooms in the central block in the Market Place. Forster’s Temperance Hotel (now the Dale), standing in stark contrast to the plethora of establishments serving alcohol, is shown on photographs from 1875, though its origins are unclear. The Allendale Inn (left) and Allen House (right). Allendale Conservation Area Character Appraisal. Consultation Draft. Page 11 A shambles, formed by a row of butcher’s shops, is shown on the First and Second Edition Ordnance Survey within the Market Place; it was later replaced by a boarding house called Allen House that survives, albeit in less than pristine condition, today. Together with a small hearse house, it forms one of two islands of buildings within the Market Place. Fryer’s map of 1820, and Greenwoods of 1828, depict the buildings of ‘Allendale’ (the name has remained in this form on all subsequent maps) clustered around the Market Place. Greenwood’s map also clearly shows buildings within the Market Place, suggesting that the core of the village had pretty much reached is present form by this time. Details of maps by Fryer (1820, left) and Greenwood (1828, right). The second edition of Mackenzie’s Historical, Topographical and Descriptive View of the County of Northumberland was published in 1825. With regard to Allendale Parish, Mackenzie observes that: ‘This district exhibits in general, a sterile and desolate aspect, and abounds in rugged and frowning elevations, which, however, conceal mineral treasures of the greatest value’. With specific regard to Allendale Town, Mackenzie describes the church, Methodist chapel and Quaker meeting house, before noting: ‘This town, which is mostly inhabited by people engaged in the leadworks, contains nearly 200 dwelling-houses and above 1000 inhabitants. The houses are neatly built; and there are a number of public houses, and wellfurnished shops, for the accommodation of the people in the adjoining country. Allendale Conservation Area Character Appraisal. Consultation Draft. Page 12 The market-day is on Friday; and there are fairs on the 10th of May, the 22nd of August, and the 14th of November. The market-place is a large open square, which contains the shambles and the ruins of a cross.’ Three decades later, White’s Directory (1859) records Allendale Town as rustic, bare and with a poorly-paved market place. Extract from the Allendale Tithe map of 1849, showing the Market Place and Bridg End. Comparison with modern air photographs demonstrates how little the basic form of the historic core of the town has changed since the mid 19th century. Prior to the mid 19th century, road access to Allendale was not good, and the town could become all but inaccessible in excessively wet or snowy weather. The oldest route through the town from the north seems to have been via Bridge End, passing to the south along line of the present day Lonkley Terrace. Permission for the present road south to Allenheads was granted in an Act of Parliament dated 1826, and the ‘New Road’ north to Catton was begun as late as 1846. There were plans to extend the railway from Hexham as far as Allendale Town, but it only ever reached as far as Catton, in 1865, with travellers forced to continue to Allendale along the ‘New Road’, later renamed ‘Station Road’. (Catton Station eventually closed to passengers in 1930, and to goods trains in 1950). 1849 saw the provision of fresh spring water to a trough by the village green, a project overseen by Isaac Holden, a local man who undertook many public projects and to whom a commemorative monument stands in St Cuthbert’s churchyard. Holden’s original trough (known today as ‘Isaac’s Well’) still survives in the village, though spring water is no longer piped to it. In 1875, several black iron water pumps were introduced throughout the town, providing fresh water for all residents. Several of these survive today, though they no longer function. Allendale Conservation Area Character Appraisal. Consultation Draft. Page 13 Isaac’s Well (left) and the Jubilee Almshouses (right). The extent of the town and density of building in its core changed little between the First and Second Edition Ordnance Survey in 1860 and 1897. Wentworth Place at the southern extent of the conservation area incorporates a name plaque dated 1827 and represents the southern extent of the town then as it does now. During the latter half of the 19th century buildings may have been replaced but new plots do not appear to have been developed with the exception of the Jubilee Almshouses in Lonkley Terrace, built in 1877 on a plot shown as empty on the First Edition Ordnance Survey. Extracts from OS 1st edition of c1860 (above) and 2nd edition c1897 (below). Allendale Conservation Area Character Appraisal. Consultation Draft. Page 14 By the end of the century, the lead industry had collapsed (the Allen Smelt Mill closed in 1896) and the decline of the town and market are related in contemporary directories. The form of Allendale in the late 19th and early 20th centuries is recorded in a number of fascinating old photographs, a few of which are included in this appraisal and many more can be seen on the Allen Valleys Archive website (www.allenvalleys.ukgo.com) maintained by the Allen Valleys Community Trust. In general, these images serve to reinforce the point that the historic core of the town had pretty much reached its present form by the close of the 19th century. Late 19th/early 20th century photographs of Allendale. Although a few new buildings have been built, and a few old ones lost, since these were taken, these views remain essentially similar today. 4.3.4 Twentieth-century Allendale In A History of Northumberland, published in 1897, J C Hodgson observes that the population of Allendale parish ‘owing to the failure of the lead trade, has rapidly declined.’ According to the census returns, the population of the parish rose from 3,510 in 1801 to a peak of 6,401 in 1861, before falling to 3,009 in 1891. With specific regard to Allendale Town, Hodgson notes: The closing of the lead mines has had an adverse effect on the prosperity of the town, though the two half-yearly fairs are still held, the one on the Friday before May 13th, and the other on the Friday after the 29th October. Allendale Town is, however, rising in favour as a summer resort, and is much appreciated for its pure moorland air. Allendale Conservation Area Character Appraisal. Consultation Draft. Page 15 Hodgson thus neatly observes the transition from the 19th century dependency on lead mining to the importance of tourism in the village economy throughout the 20th century. The point is further emphasised by Beaty in a guide to the area published in 1905: Here comes the jaded business man to snatch a brief rest; the diseaseworn invalid for renewed health; as well as those who, satiated with the gaities of town life, seek change of air and scene. And many without doubt, have had cause to bless the pure bracing air of the Allendale hills, and acknowledged their indebtedness to it for restored vigour and health, giving them new courage and fitness to struggle with the cares and worries of life. The market had also declined in importance by the turn of the century. Dickinson notes in 1903 that: Allendale market, once a busy one, has now, like the August fair, become one of the things of the past. But less than fifty years ago the scene was widely different – farmers from Tyneside might be seen standing in rows, with bags of corn before them, and the farms in the neighbourhood sent their supplies of butter and eggs, vended by the farmers’ wives or daughters………Linen drapers, cloggers, gardeners, ironmongers, and other trades were also represented at the various stalls that were spread over market place………Visitors to Allendale now walk through the town on a market day without discerning any indications of a market. Much of the history of Allendale during the late 19th and 20th centuries, including details of shops and other businesses, is summarised by Nora Handcock in her 2007 book Allendale: Twentieth Century Memories. Here we can note only a few highlights relating to the development of the Conservation Area over the twentieth century. Despite the economic problems associated with the decline in leadmining, the early twentieth century saw something of a flurry of new buildings, now essential features of the Conservation Area. A new bank (now Lloyds Bank) was built in the Market Place in 1902 on the site of a shop gutted by fire; the same year saw the construction of the substantial Hetherlea Hotel at the south-west corner of the Market Place. The fountain on the village green was erected in memory of a local man, John Joseph Glendinning, killed in action in the Boer War in 1902. Heatherlea Hotel soon after its construction (left) and today (right). Allendale Conservation Area Character Appraisal. Consultation Draft. Page 16 1905 saw the erection of the village hall, originally known as ‘Temperance Hall’ and within which the sale or use of intoxicating drinks, music hall and theatrical events, gambling and dancing were all strictly forbidden; the constitution was relaxed somewhat in the 1930s. The village hall (left) and St Cuthbert’s lych gate (right). In 1906, the tower of St Cuthbert’s Church was raised and clock faces added to three of its sides; the church yard gained its lych gate in 1920, built as a memorial to local men who lost their lives in the First World War. 1932 saw a serious landslip which took away much of the main road to the south of the village, between Wentworth Terrace and Shield Street; this was subsequently rebuilt with a substantial stone revetment which survives today. The views from this section of road over Bridge End and beyond are most impressive. In the same year, two red-brick semi-detached houses were built in the north-west corner of the Market Place; these are of a general style to be found throughout England and stand in contrast to the older buildings of the Conservation Area. The 1930s also saw the resurfacing of the Market Place with tarmac; prior to this the old cobbled surface used to get horribly muddy in wet weather and was also suffering much damage through the increase in vehicular traffic. Electricity reached Allendale in 1936, following which there were many fewer fires arising from the use of candles and oil lamps. The 1930s also saw the construction of a sewage disposal scheme, rendering redundant the ‘disgusting manure heaps’ that previously littered the streets. In 1945 the land east of the village hall became a public recreation ground, enabling the development of bowling green, tennis courts and children’s recreation areas on the fringes of the Conservation Area. Allendale’s first council houses, on the Allenfields Estate, were built in 1948, the same year as what was probably the village’s oldest surviving house, the seventeenthcentury ‘Old Thacky’ on Shilburn, was demolished as it was considered to be a danger to the adjacent school. The new Middle School was built in 1959, and extensions provided for the First School in the 1970s. The 1960s saw the appearance of the fire station (to make room for which the attractive ‘Forsterheads House’ was demolished) and the adjacent County Council road depot. The new health centre opened in Shilburn followed in 1976. New housing in the 1970s and 80s included 47 bungalows at Wentworth Park, 50 Allendale Conservation Area Character Appraisal. Consultation Draft. Page 17 houses on the Forsterheads Estate and at Dale Park, and 10 bungalows at Denelands. A substantial extension to the village hall, overlooking the recreation ground, was added in 1993. Despite all this development on the fringes of the Conservation Area, the historic heart focussed on the Market Place saw few changes, although the addition of the new Co-Op building in a modern style provides something of a contrast to its traditional setting. Recent housing on the fringes of the Conservation Area; Denelands (left) and Wentworth Park (right). Allendale Conservation Area Character Appraisal. Consultation Draft. Page 18 5 Historic Landscape Characterisation Although the Conservation Area has a clear boundary, it is important that its management takes place within the context of the management of the wider historic environment. Historic Landscape Characterisation (HLC) is a technique of defining the essential character of the historic landscape, taking into account aspects of historic land use and surviving historic features such as field boundaries and ancient woodland. The Enclosure Act for Allendale, dated 1792, had much to do with the creation of today’s landscape of small stone-walled fields from the previously open common land. The HLC project for Northumberland was recently completed and the following description of Allendale’s landscape context is provided by the Northumberland County HLC Officer: Allendale Town lies in a patchwork of historic landscape types enclosed by a large swathe of high moorland. Below the moorland edge the HLC types are predominantly planned fields of the mid-18th to 19th centuries. Along the moorland edge to the east of Allendale most of this enclosure is straight-sided and has been laid out with little regard to the topography or any previous fieldsystem. To the west of the town many of the fields are also planned enclosure but they have wavy or curved external boundaries which may echo the framework of medieval open fields. Below the planned enclosure are large blocks of irregular fields that may represent 17th to mid18th century intake from moorland. A small area of 17th to mid 18th century piecemeal enclosure lies west of Allendale, and larger area to the north around Catton. Several late 19th century fields lies around Allendale and are the result of either reclaimed moorland or reorganisation of earlier fields. Most of the woodland in and around Allendale was present in the mid-19th century and is shown on the first edition Ordnance Survey map. A small area of ancient woodland lies close to the eastern side of the town and has had continuous woodland cover since at least AD1600 and retained native tree cover that has not been replanted. No modern industry lies in the vicinity and older remains from the lead industry have proved too small to plot at the county-scale HLC with the exception of Allendale flues. The extent of the town itself changed little between the mid 19th century and the early 20th century. Most growth has taken place in the 20th century with expansion stretching southwards and to the north-east. Allendale Conservation Area Character Appraisal. Consultation Draft. Page 19 Historic Landscape Characterisation (HLC) map of the area around Allendale Town. Allendale Conservation Area Character Appraisal. Consultation Draft. Page 20 6 Approaching Allendale When considering the management of a conservation area it is important to pay due regard to its approaches, as well as to the area itself; a conservation area does not stand in isolation from its context, and the routes by which people enter and leave it are important aspects of its character. Allendale can be approached on main roads from three different directions, all of which are very different in character. Whichever direction one is travelling from, the dramatic open but enclosed space of the Market Place comes as a pleasant surprise to anyone visiting Allendale for the first time. The route of the B6295 seems always to have provided the main approach to Allendale from the south. After travelling across the open moors from Weardale, and the enclosed pastureland and woodland of the east Allen Valley north of Allenheads, this road enters the Allendale Conservation Area adjacent to Whitworth Terrace, passes through the area known as ‘Noah’s Ark’ which enjoys extensive views away to the west, then enters the core of the historic village adjacent to the Trinity Methodist Church on Shield Street before passing into the Market Place. Many of the buildings lining this route within the conservation area have changed little since the mid nineteenth century, although much twentieth century housing now occupies the land to the east of the road. Allendale can also be approached by road from the west, through Bridge End on the B6295; prior to the mid nineteenth century this provided the main route into the town from the north. Bridge End can be reached from the north or the south, and from here traffic is channelled over Allendale Town Bridge and up the Peth to the Market Place. Bridge End is an attractive hamlet in its own right, discussed in more detail below. The route over the impressive bridge over the East Allen leads up the steep slope of the Peth, enclosed on both sides by buildings and woodland: the Peth opens into the south-west corner of the Market Place, the open nature of which provides a dramatic contrast. Approaching Allendale on the B6295: from the south (left), and from the north via Bridge end (right). The B6303 now provides the route into Allendale for most traffic approaching from the north. This road was built in 1846, and from 1865 provided a link with the railway station at Catton (plans to extend the railway to Allendale never came to fruition). The road enters Allendale from the north-east, entering the Allendale Conservation Area Character Appraisal. Consultation Draft. Page 21 conservation area adjacent to the village hall and recreation area, passing the schools and the village green to the left before entering the Market Place at its south-east angle. Approaching Allendale from the north-east on the B6303. Two relatively minor roads also lead into the conservation area from the east: Shilburn Road approaches the village from the east, joining the B6303 adjacent to the old school. This route links with the B6295 a few miles south of Allendale and is only used by local traffic. As it approaches the village it is lined to its south by large, detached twentieth century houses, and to the north by the County Council road depot, the fire station, and the extensive, open school playing fields. Approaching the Conservation Area along Shilburn Road (left) and Lonkley Terrace (right). Lonkley Terrace from the south-east runs downhill into the town past terraced housing on the left and the impressive rectory in its own grounds to the right, joining the B6303 immediately west of the village green, where it enters the south-east corner of the Market Place. As with Shilburn Road, Lonkley Terrace links with the B6295 to the south of Allendale and is used only by local traffic. Impressive views over the historic core of the village may be enjoyed from this approach. Allendale Conservation Area Character Appraisal. Consultation Draft. Page 22 7. The character of the conservation area 7.1 General character The centre of Allendale is instantly recognisable and could never be confused with anywhere else. Its historic character results essentially from development during the nineteenth century heyday of the North Pennines lead industry. The huge Market Place is enclosed by individual buildings displaying a variety of forms and styles, and each route out of centre has its own subtly different character. The historic core is enclosed to the east and south by twentieth century housing, and to the north and west by the attractively wooded steep banks of the East Allen. On the west bank of the river, the hamlet of Bridge End is included within the conservation area, although its general character is altogether more rural and certainly very different from the adjacent ‘town’. 7.2 Character areas For the purposes of this appraisal, the Allendale conservation area has been divided into five character areas, all of which will require their own management regimes if their special characters are to be maintained. 1. The Market Place, representing the town’s historic core. 2. Bridge End, the hamlet on the west bank of the East Allen, adjacent to Allendale Town Bridge. 3. The Peth, linking Bridge End and the Market Place. 4. Wentworth Terrace and Shield Street, approaching the Market Place from the south. 5. The eastern fringe: the portion of the conservation area to the east of the Market Square, along the B6303, Shilburn Road and Lonkley Terrace. Map to be inserted here Map showing the five character areas. Allendale Conservation Area Character Appraisal. Consultation Draft. Page 23 7.2.1 The Market Place Allendale’s unique character derives principally from its instantly recognisable Market Place, home to its four pubs and the famous annual New Year’s Eve tar barrel ceremony. The Market Place, which forms an irregular parallelogram in plan, had pretty much reached its present form by the time of the first OS maps in the mid nineteenth century, and although there have been several subsequent developments these have detracted little from the area’s historic character. General views of the Market Place The origins of the Market Place are not well understood, but its present-day buildings are largely of 18th and 19th century date. They display a variety of styles which combine to form a most pleasing whole. Several are listed, and details of these are included in Appendix 1. Twentieth-century additions, which initially appear incongruous in the setting of the Market Place but actually represent part of its history and contribute a new dimension to its diverse character, include the Co-op in the north-east corner, and the 1930s semi-detached houses and old garage in the north-west. Another twentiethcentury development was the surfacing of the old cobbled surface with tarmac in about 1930, thought necessary at the time due to the increasing numbers of wheeled vehicles that were destroying the old surface; the cobbles are still exposed to the north side of the Market Place and presumably survive elsewhere beneath the tarmac. The Co-op (left), and exposed cobbles on the north side of the Market Place (right). Allendale Conservation Area Character Appraisal. Consultation Draft. Page 24 The open nature of the Market Place is broken up by the substantial island of buildings occupying its south-east quadrant, the smaller island at its centre (occupied by Allen House) and the triangular area of grass and trees towards the south-west corner. The houses along the southern side of the Market Place are fronted with a substantial strip of grass on which grow several trees and shrubs. A red telephone box and black hydrant, one of a series set up in 1875 to provide piped water to the village, are small but important historic structures that play a role in defining the character of this particular area. An island of grass and trees in the south-east corner of the Market Place (left) and the green strip along its south side with water pump and phone box (right). The Church of St Cuthbert is set back from the Market Place, accessible from its north-east corner via a path between the Golden Lion and the Co-op. There is also a garage business set between the Co-op and the churchyard, but this is hidden between the two and certainly does not detract from the general setting. The churchyard is surrounded by mature trees, and the ground drops away sharply from its northern side down to the East Allen. Properties along the north and west sides of the Market Place have substantial enclosed plots to their rear, now used as gardens, which back onto the wooded river bank. These plots appear to be of some age and were presumably originally set out at the same time as the Market Place was developed. One or more such plots to the north-west seem to have been used for the construction of 1930s dwellings, two semi-detached houses facing onto the Market Place and Riding View terrace behind. These houses appear very 1930s housing (left) and the old garage (right) in the north-east corner of the Market Place. Allendale Conservation Area Character Appraisal. Consultation Draft. Page 25 distinctive, especially on aerial photographs, as they are the only ones in the conservation area with red tiled roofs. The area in front of these houses is partly occupied by another relatively recent but distinctive structure, the blue and white garage, now disused. 7.2.2. Bridge End, the hamlet on the west bank of the East Allen, adjacent to Allendale Town Bridge. With the exception of the bridge itself, and a small area of enclosed fields towards its southern end, this character area is located entirely on the west bank of the East Allen. Prior to the construction of the New Road between Catton and Allendale in 1845, the bridge, known as Allendale Town Bridge, provided the main route into the village from the north, so much traffic passed through Bridge End. The bridge itself, a listed structure dating from the early nineteenth century on the site of an earlier structure, is a key element of the conservation area. The hamlet is dominated by Bridge End Mill (also sometimes referred to as Allendale Watermill), an impressive three-storey building which functioned as an agricultural merchant’s warehouse and store (The painted wording ‘A and C Little Ltd., Flour, Corn and Cake Merchants’ still adorn the exterior of the building) following the closure of the mill. The mill still retains an impressive overshot wheel, 14 ft in diameter and 7ft wide, that could be unique in Northumberland. The old mill race is also included within this sector of the Conservation Area. Remains survive of the massive timberpiled masonry dam that fed the head race, while the tail race used to continue half a mile underground to serve as the head-race for the waterwheels of the Allendale Smelt Mill. Several other attractive 19th century buildings remain in use, both as dwellings and for agricultural purposes, within Bridge End. Allendale Town Bridge (top left). Bridge End Mill (top right). Bridge End House (bottom left). Burnfoot Meeting House (bottom right). Allendale Conservation Area Character Appraisal. Consultation Draft. Page 26 Worthy of particular mention, in a tranquil setting adjacent to fields at the southern edge of the Bridge End hamlet, is the Quaker Meeting House, dating originally from 1733 and still in regular use. At the south-west of the character area, separated from Bridge End by a large field, is the farm and hamlet of Wooley Burnfoot (…. brief description and photos to be added…….). This character area also includes the section of the River East Allen that flows through the conservation area, and its largely wooded west bank. A fine view over Bridge End may be had from the B6303 between Whitworth Terrace and Shield Street. View over Bridge End from the B6295 north of Whitworth Terrace. Allendale Conservation Area Character Appraisal. Consultation Draft. Page 27 7.2.3. The Peth, linking Bridge End and the Market Place. This area is bisected by The Peth, the steep, winding road leading up from the Bridge to the western angle of the Market Place. It includes the steep, wooded eastern bank of the River East Allen, with extensive areas of woodland to north and south of the Peth. Compared with the other character areas within the Allendale Conservation Area, this one contains few buildings. Travelling uphill from the bridge, a couple of houses and an electricity substation are located at Peth Foot. Higher up, a cottage stands on the north the side of The Peth where it turns a right angle before heading south-eastwards up past the impressive Peth Head House and into the Market Place. Peth Head House (left). The top of the Peth seen from the Market Place. 7.2.4. Wentworth Terrace and Shield Street, approaching the Market Place from the south. This area consists of two separate groupings of nineteenth-century housing, joined together by the main B6303 road as it approaches the Market Place. To the south are Wentworth Terrace, a long line of mid nineteenth-century terraced houses to the west of the road, and half a dozen houses of similar date on the east side. North of this is the stretch of road known as Noah’s Ark which was nearly lost in the landslip of 1932, from which fine views over Bridge End and beyond may be enjoyed. North of this, the road, here known as Shield Street, bends to the east and is lined on both sides by a variety of nineteenth-century buildings (including the substantial Trinity Methodist Wentworth Terrace (left). Trinity Methodist Chapel (right). Allendale Conservation Area Character Appraisal. Consultation Draft. Page 28 Chapel, originally built in 1760 but largely rebuilt in 1839 and again in 1877) before entering the south-west corner of the Market Place adjacent to the former hotel known as Hetherlea. This area is fringed to its east by later housing, including the late twentiethcentury estates of Wentworth Place and the Allenfields Estate, all of which is excluded from the Conservation Area. 7.2.5. The eastern fringe: the portion of the conservation area to the east of the Market Square, along the B6303, Shilburn Road and Lonkley Terrace. This area includes the sections of Allendale leading away to the east and south-east from the historic core. Lonkley Terrace heads south-east from the south-east angle of the Market Place, and prior to the mid nineteenth century provided the main access to the Town from the south. The two sides of the road are of contrasting character. The north-east side is very green, being lined with the gardens of two semi detached houses and the impressive rectory (all of which are set back from the roadside) and the green. The southwest side is lined with traditional nineteenth-century stone-built terraced and semi-detached housing, although its junction with the corner of the Market Place is occupied by a brick-built bungalow set behind a low brick wall. Higher up Lonkley Terrace, towards the edge of the conservation area, are the Jubilee Almshouses (1877), with their simple but distinctive pyramid-shaped pediments and plinth explaining that they were erected for the use of poor people in Allendale parish. The traditional setting of these almshouses, in a fine location above the town, is slightly let down by the adjacent large blue tin garage (which is just outside the conservation area). To the south of Lonkley Terrace, this area also includes four properties on the edge of the Allenfields Estate and the children’s park and play area to the rear of the properties on Lonkley Terrace. Houses on the south-west side of Lonkley Terrace, looking towards the town (left). Children’s play area behind properties on the south-west side of Lonkley Terrace (right). Heading east from the Market Place along B6303 (Station Road or New Road) the view is dominated by the 1880 school building, in front of which the road forks, with Station Road heading to north-westwards and Shilburn Road eastwards. The zone between these two roads is largely taken up by school playing fields and the later 20th century middle school, all outside the Allendale Conservation Area Character Appraisal. Consultation Draft. Page 29 conservation area. The zone between Shilburn Road and Lonkley terrace contains the Rectory, within its extensive walled and wooded grounds, and the Green, as well as a few nineteenth-century properties facing onto the south side of Shilburn Road. The 1880 school building (left). The Rectory seen from the Green (right). To the north side of the B6303 is the Library and adjacent meeting room, originally two Primitive Methodist chapels, east of which are three blocks of traditional terraced housing on the north side of the road, and one on the south. The village hall, on the north side, marks the edge of the conservation area. The library and meeting room, originally two Primitive Methodist chapels (left). Leadgate Terrace on the north side of the B6303. Allendale Conservation Area Character Appraisal. Consultation Draft. Page 30 8. Architectural features and materials The Allendale Conservation Area is characterised by great variety in its buildings, dating from the 18th century through to the 20th but with most dating from the 19th century when the local lead industry was thriving. This is not the place to enter into detailed discussion of the architecture of Allendale, although it is perhaps worth noting that the detailed recording of the town’s buildings could form the basis of a fascinating community project. Given the variety in its buildings, only a brief overview can be provided here; outline descriptions of all listed buildings are provided in the Appendix 1, and something of their historical context has already been provided in section 4, above. Most buildings within the conservation area are of local sandstone, the grander structures of ashlar and others of coursed rubble. Several buildings are rendered and painted in shades of cream or grey that merge attractively with the natural sandstone of others. A few twentieth-century houses are of brick (eg the semi-detached houses in the north-west corner of the Market Place, and the bungalow at the bottom of Lonkley Terrace). A few structures retain flagstone roofs, but roofs throughout the town are almost entirely of Welsh slate. Buildings are of two or three storeys, so roofs occur at different levels, as well as displaying a variety of forms, giving the core of the town a fascinating roofscape that is further enhanced through the presence of chimneys of a variety of forms. Gutters and pipes are generally of black painted cast iron, although on Allen House, within the Market Place, they are painted dark red, and on Heatherlea dark green. As in most historic settlements, some old buildings have unfortunately been ‘improved’ through the replacement of traditional windows and doors with inappropriate modern alternatives. Allendale has, however, been fortunate in suffering less than many in this respect. Most buildings in the core of the town retain sash windows, of a range of single- and multi-pane forms, and of those that have been replaced in modern times most are not particularly visually intrusive. Most windows are set between plain stone sills and lintels which are often painted to contrast with the surrounding walls. Heatherlea is unusual in having tooled jambs, giving it a unique appearance within the context of the Market Place; a uniqueness further emphasised by its prominent dormer windows. Most buildings are of a relatively plain, vernacular style. Indeed, Pevsner describes the Market Place as of ‘late 18th and 19th century houses and hotels, with little of especial note except for the three-bay Georgian Path House of 1813, at the head of the bank down to the bridge, and the former Trustee Savings Bank of 1873, a pleasant essay in 17th century style, which has kept its railings.’ Another grand house worthy of particular mention is Hotspur House with its unique curved sash windows. In complete contrast, terraces of simple working-class cottages survive on Leadgate and to the south at Wentworth Terrace. Allendale Conservation Area Character Appraisal. Consultation Draft. Page 31 The grandeur of Hotspur House on the south side of the Market Place (left) contrasts with the rather austere Dale Hotel (right) that faces it across the Market Place. Some shops within the town retain attractive traditional frontages, notably the butchers, Post Office and ‘The Village Shoppe’ in the Market Square, and the Chemist in Shield Street. The many pubs and hotels also retain much of their historic character, although the windows on the Allendale Arms are perhaps a little incongruous. The former hotels of Hetherlea and the Dale, each rendered and rather dour in appearance, make individual and distinctive contributions to the character of the Market Place. The Co-op, the most recent building within the conservation area, stands in marked contrast to all the others, but nevertheless does not appear overly intrusive, demonstrating that new buildings can be successfully introduced into historic settings without necessarily detracting from them. Traditional shop fronts: The butcher’s in the Market Place (left), and the chemist’s on Shield Street (right). Bridge End is of a more rural character, dominated by the large early nineteenth-century corn mill, now a fine private house surrounded by traditional agricultural outbuildings and cottages. Bridge End House and its adjacent cottages, of traditional coursed rubble with tooled dressings and grey slate roofs, make an attractive group lining the approach to the Bridge. Allendale Conservation Area Character Appraisal. Consultation Draft. Page 32 9. Open spaces and woodland Conservation area appraisals tend to concentrate on buildings, but open spaces can also be defining characteristics within a settlement. This is certainly the case at Allendale, which owes its unique character largely to its huge Market Place, albeit now partly occupied by two clusters of buildings. The Green, immediately south-east of the Market Square, and the churchyard are other publicly accessible open spaces within the historic core of the town. The large public park and recreation area are just outside the conservation area adjacent to the village hall. The portion of the Conservation Area around Bridge End and Wooley Burnfoot has a character of its own, incorporating much open space including several pasture fields. Trees and woodland play a key role in defining the character of Allendale. These include several fine specimens planted within and around the Market Place by the Town Improvement Committee in the late 19th century. The steep riverbank, extending from the river up to the rear of properties along the west, north and east sides of the Market Place, is clothed with vary attractive mature woodland. Parts of this are included within the Conservation Area while to the north it is excluded; however, it is all crucial to the setting of the town. A strip of woodland extends southward along the western side of Wentworth Terrace, while the east bank of the river adjacent Bridge End is also wooded. Trees play a particularly important role in framing the setting of St Cuthbert’s churchyard, as a result of which the church feels detached from the rest of the town even though the Market Place is only a few metres distant. Also worthy of particular note are the trees within the garden of the Rectory, which help to provide an attractive setting for the Green on the eastern approach to the Market Place. The Green (left). St Cuthbert’s churchyard (right). Allendale Conservation Area Character Appraisal. Consultation Draft. Page 33 10. Other components of Allendale’s character 10.1 Boundaries Given the fact that most historic properties in Allendale are conjoined and front straight onto the road, boundary walls are not as immediately obvious here as key contributors to local character as they are in many other North Pennine settlements. However, closer inspection reveals that they do play a key role in many places. For example, the properties along the east side of the Market Place are set behind low stone walls, with access via small wrought iron gates, as are the terraced houses on Leadgate. The rectory gardens are also surrounded by an attractive, low stone wall. In and around Bridge End, attractive stone walls play a traditional role around properties and as field boundaries in a manner akin to that in countless villages throughout the North Pennines. A particular characteristic of Allendale is the presence of iron railings set in low stone walls; such boundaries front, for example, the Trinity Methodist Chapel and the old Primitive Methodist Chapels (now the Library), the first school, and the old Savings Bank (now the Gift Shop). Iron railings in front of the Old Savings bank (left). Parking places marked out in the Market Place (right). 10.2 Roads, pavements and other surfaces. Road surfaces throughout the town are of tarmac, including the extensive surface of the Market Place. Within the market place, particular zones (eg those for car parking) are demarcated with white paint. The old cobbled surface of the market place presumably still survives under the tarmac, but is only exposed today towards the north-east in front of the Golden Lion and King’s Head, where it is used as a parking area. Pavements are also generally of tarmac, with stone kerbs, although some areas within the Market Place are paved with stone slabs. 10.3 Signage Roadsigns, shopfronts and other signage make an important contribution to the character of any settlement. Roadsigns, of a modern nature, cluster at the main road junction within the Market Place. While playing an important role in the modern world, this signage does undeniably detract from the historic character of the Market Place. Simple roadside signs stating ‘Allendale’ stand at the main entrances to the town. A plaque commemorating the 250th anniversary Methodism in the town, following the initial visit of Allendale Conservation Area Character Appraisal. Consultation Draft. Page 34 Christopher Hopper in July 1747, was erected on the side of the Dale Hotel in 1997. Other signs throughout the town are generally of a more ‘traditional’ and unobtrusive form, for example those associated with the Tea Rooms, the pubs, banks, and chapels. In contrast, there is one large modern sign advertising the ‘tearooms & café on the side of the building that appears rather incongruous within its historic setting. Of particular note are the many stone plaques incorporated into buildings, ranging from the church to the humblest terrace, stating their name and date. Road signs in the Market Place (left). Modern sign above the shop front of the Tearooms and Café (right). 10.4 Street furniture and other historic features Other features, perhaps individually of little significance but which collectively contribute much to Allendale’s character, include: The surviving black iron water pumps at various places. Isaac’s Well in the south-east corner of the Market Place. The Glendinning Memorial Fountain on the Green. The red telephone kiosk and pillar box in the Market Place. Park benches on the Green and elsewhere. The sundial on St Cuthbert’s Church. The Glendinning Memorial Fountain on the Green (left). The sundial on St Cuthbert’s Church (right). Allendale Conservation Area Character Appraisal. Consultation Draft. Page 35 11. Pressures, problems and capacity for change It is anticipated that this section will be completed following the consultation phase, during which a number of issues will be discussed with local people and may find themselves addressed in due course in the Conservation Area Management Plan. Issues to be discussed could include: The boundary of the Conservation Area (the current boundary appears to pass through the middle of some buildings, and some areas of woodland fringe are included within the conservation area while others are outside. It may also be appropriate to include the site of the entrance of the Blackett Level within the conservation area). The need to balance retention of historic character with future developments, in particular the risk from inappropriate replacement doors and windows. The recording of historic structures (possibly including a project to train local people in the techniques of historic building recording). The possible undergrounding of unsightly overhead power cables throughout the village. The management of trees and woodland within and adjacent to the Conservation Area. The setting up of a ‘town trail’, encouraging visitors to spend time in the town and spend money in local pubs and shops, and perhaps linked to this the design of an appropriate logo, rooted in the unique identity of the town, for use by local businesses for marketing purposes. The design and erection of appropriate ‘Welcome to Allendale’ road signs. Overhead cables close to the Green. Allendale Conservation Area Character Appraisal. Consultation Draft. Page 36 12. Sources Bulmer, 1887, Directory of Northumberland Dickinson, G., 1903, Allendale and Whitfield. Historical Notices of the Two Parishes. Newcastle upon Tyne; Andrew Reid & Co. Handcock, N I. 2007. Allendale: Twentieth Century Memories. Allendale: Millbank Publishing. Hinds, AB., 1896, A History of Northumberland, Vol. 3 part I Hodgson, J C.1897. A History of Northumberland. Volume IV. Newcastle upon Tyne; Andrew Reid & Co. Pevsner, et al, 1992, The Buildings of England : Northumberland Tomlinson, WW., 1888, Comprehensive Guide To Northumberland Williams, A. 2007. Allendale. Archaeological Assessment & Strategy. Unpublished report for Northumberland County Council and English Heritage. 13. Acknowledgements Reproductions of antiquarian prints and maps are by courtesy of the Northumberland Records Office. The HLC map and description were kindly provided by the Northumberland County Council Archaeology team, Morpeth. Allendale Conservation Area Character Appraisal. Consultation Draft. Page 37 APPENDIX 1 LISTED BUILDINGS IN THE ALLENDALE CONSERVATION AREA Information obtained from the English Heritage Listed Buildings Online website www.lbonline.english-heritage.org.uk Building Name: COUNTY PRIMARY SCHOOL LBS Number: 240143 Grade: II Date Listed: 23/08/1985 NGR: NY8396655907 School, dated 1879 on gable panel. Squared stone, ashlar quoins and dressings; slate roof with ridge tiles each with 3 pierced trefoils, coped gables. Rectangular block with two parallel wings to rear. Front 1 storey, 3 wide bays, symmetrical. Central projecting bay has 2 pointed windows, each of 2 trefoil-headed lights with a pierced quatrefoil in the spandrel; paired hoodmoulds with foliage-carved stops, oculus with hoodmould above. Coped gable with foliate finial. Flanking bays each have similar central window with gablet above and square-headed casements to either side. Left return has pedimented gable enclosing panel inscribed 'BOARD SCHOOL' with date, right return has projecting bay, with datestone and gablet, on rear wing. Building Name: WALL AND RAILINGS TO WEST AND SOUTH OF COUNTY PRIMARY SCHOOL LBS Number: 240144 Grade: II Date Listed: 23/08/1985 NGR: NY8392255890 Wall and railings, late C19. Rubble, dressed stone, wrought-iron. Low stepped wall of squared rubble with steep coping, central gate piers square with simply-moulded pyramidal caps. Railings have standards with trefoil finials, foliate scrolls above pierced lower rail. Re-set section of railings between gate piers. Building Name: DRINKING FOUNTAIN OPPOSITE ALLENDALE LIBRARY LBS Number: 240145 Grade: II Date Listed: 23/08/1985 NGR: NY8390055863 Drinking fountain dated 1902. Stone, granite and cast-iron. Square stone structure with rectangular trough at front and small semicircular basins with taps to sides. Pointed-arched panel with inscription commemorating Trooper John Joseph Glendinning, killed at Klip Drift, South Africa, 1902, beneath grotesque lion's head. Gothic canopy carried on 4 polished granite columns enclosing urn. Fountain enclosed by dwarf wall with raised copings, low cast-iron standards and rail. Building Name: ALLENDALE LIBRARY LBS Number: 240184 Grade: II Date Listed: 23/08/1985 NGR: NY8387055889 Appears to consist of two conjoined buildings, both originally chapels, within a single listing. Meeting Room adjoining north end of Allendale Library Chapel, later Sunday School, now meeting room. Early C19, probably first Allendale Conservation Area Character Appraisal. Consultation Draft. Page 38 quarter. Squared rubble with dressed door surrounds and window heads. Concrete tile roof. Single cell structure but street front gives appearance of two storeys, three bays. Ground floor has a pair of boarded doors flanked by 16 pane sashes, three 16 pane sashes above. Rear wall shows 16 pane sash to light the gallery on the left, and a larger one to right lighting the well of the chapel. Gable wall with projecting stones left for bonding into an built extension. Interior: severely plain room without features. Gallery removed, roof structure hidden by modern suspended ceiling. History: This was the Primitive Methodist Chapel in use previous to the construction of the larger one adjoining it in 1878. This was an important area for Methodism in the C19 with its many adherents from the local lead mines. The two chapels form a visual and historic group. Allendale Library Chapel, now Library, dated 1878 over porch. Squared stone, raised ashlar quoins and dressings, moulded corbels to eaves, fishscale slate roof, coped gables with kneelers and finials. 1 storey, 5 bays. Right bay has gabled porch projection with boarded door and fanlight with intersecting glazing bars under chamfered pointed arch, paired pointed windows with inscribed panel 'PRIMITIVE METHODIST' and date, above. CHAPEL To left 4 pointed windows with intersecting glazing bars in chamfered surrounds with hoodmoulds. Left return has two triplets of lancets under linked hoodmoulds and small pointed window in gable. Building Name: WALL, RAILINGS AND GATE TO SOUTH OF ALLENDALE LIBRARY LBS Number: 240185 Grade: II Date Listed: 23/08/1985 NGR: NY8387855883 Wall, railings and gate, probably 1878. Squared stone, wrought-iron. Low squared stone wall with steep coping. Wrought-iron railings and gate with fleur-de-lys terminals and lower section with spiral motifs above pierced band. Building Name: HOUSE ADJOINING NORTH END OF ALLENDALE LIBRARY LBS Number: 240186 Grade: II Date Listed: 23/08/1985 NGR: NY8387755900 House, early Cl9. Squared rubble, slate roof. 2 storeys, 3 windows. Ground floor a pair of boarded doors flanked by 16-pane sashes, 1st floor 3 16-pane sashes. Included for group value with Allendale Library. Building Name: BELVINA AND ADJACENT HOUSE TO EAST LBS Number: 240190 Grade: II Date Listed: 23/08/1985 NGR: NY8381455890 Pair of houses. C18 remodelled c.1840. Coursed rubble, squared stone dressings and canted bay, slate roof. Left end stack stone, right end stack rebuilt in brick. 3 storeys, 4 bays, left bay a canted projection. Doorways in central bays, left door renewed with overlight, right door flush-panelled and has overlight with geometrical glazing bars; both doorways have alternating jambs. Canted bay has 12-pane sashes flanked by 8-pane sashes to ground and 1st floors, 9-pane sash flanked by 6-pane sashes to 2nd floor. 2nd bay has margined sashes to 1st and 2nd floors. 3rd and 4th bays have altered sashes. Rear elevation shows tall round-headed stair window with intersecting glazing bars. Allendale Conservation Area Character Appraisal. Consultation Draft. Page 39 Building Name: TRUSTEE SAVINGS BANK LBS Number: 240191 Grade: II Date Listed: 23/08/1985 NGR: NY8383655870 Bank, dated 1873 on doorcase. Squared stone with tooled and margined quoins, rubble rear elevation; slate roof, coped gables with corniced stacks. C17 style with Baroque doorcase. 2 storeys, 3 bays, ground floor sill and first floor string courses. Central 6-panelled door under keyed round-headed moulded arch with roses in spandrels, flanked by Ionic pilasters supporting entablature with inscription: SAVINGS BANK ESTABLISHED 1838 THIS BUILDING ERECTED 1873 and pediment carrying urns and central rose finial. Above porch paired casements. Projecting gabled right bay has ground floor 6-light window with king mullion and transom, 1st floor 4-light mullioned window with dripmould, 2-light opening above. Bay to left has ground floor 4-light window with king mullion and hoodmould, 1st floor 3-light mullioned window, 2-light opening in gablet above. Building Name: WALL, RAILINGS AND GATE TO SOUTH OF TRUSTEE SAVINGS BANK LBS Number: 240192 Grade: II Date Listed: 23/08/1985 NGR: NY8382855863 Wall, railings and gate, probably 1873. Stone, wrought-iron. Low squared stone wall with chamfered coping. tailings with lileate finials, central gate. Building Name: ELLIOTT'S SHOP LBS Number: 240193 Grade: II Date Listed: 23/08/1985 NGR: NY8377855865 (on island in Market Place). Shop and house, early C19 altered. Rubble, tooled quoins and dressings, slate roof, stone gable stacks. Front 2 storeys, 2 bays, irregular. Tripartite late C19 shop front has round arches with carved foliage and dragons in spandrels, shop door; C20 window and door to right. 1st floor 2 altered sashes with slightly projecting sills. Building Name: HOLME DENE LBS Number: 240194 Grade: II Date Listed: 23/08/1985 NGR: NY8377455839 (on island in Market Place) House, early C19, altered. Rubble, rendered front, raised quoins and dressings; stone slate roof, stone end stacks. 2 storeys, 2 windows. Central C20 glazed door in alternating surround. Altered sash windows. Left return has small projecting porch with stone slate roof. Building Name: TEA ROOMS LBS Number: 240195 Grade: II Date Listed: 23/08/1985 NGR: NY8377855863 (on island in Market Place) House and shop, early Cl9 altered. Rendered with rusticated quoins and raised stone dressings; stone slate roof, later brick gable stacks. 3 storeys, 2 windows. Central C20 glazed door in raised stone surround with cornice, Allendale Conservation Area Character Appraisal. Consultation Draft. flanked by altered windows with projecting wedge lintels and sills; 1st and 2nd floor windows similar. Left return has boarded door, with latticed glazing bars, flanked by shop windows, each of 2 bays with basket arches, all under cornice carried on scrolled corbels. To right a renewed door under overlight. Altered sashes above. Shown on OS map as 'The Green'. Building Name: KINGS HEAD HOTEL LBS Number: 240196 Grade: II Date Listed: 23/08/1985 NGR: NY8374955902 (Market Place, north side) Inn, earlier C18, altered. Rubble, tooled dressings, slate roof, stone gable stacks. Rectangular block with rear wing comprising 1st floor ballroom over former stabling. Front 3 storeys, 2 windows. Central 6-panelled door, with decorative overlight in rusticated surround, flanked by C20 windows. 1st floor C20 windows in old openings with projecting lintels and sills, 2nd floor altered sashes, tooled lintels and sills. Rear wing gable holds canted bay with sash windows. Left return has blocked segmental-headed carriage entrance, 2 large 16-pane sashes to 1st floor and 2 12-pane sashes to 2nd floor. Interior: 1st floor has 2 early C18 fireplaces, altered C18 stair with moulded handrail. Function room (former ballroom) in rear wing has good C18 fireplace and plaster cornice with flowers and foliage. Building Name: GOLDEN LION HOTEL LBS Number: 240197 Grade: II Date Listed: 23/08/1985 NGR: NY8376355906 (Market Place, North side) Inn, probably 1839. Rubble, front rendered, raised tooled and margined quoins and dressings. Slate roof, coped gables with kneelers and stone stacks, brick ridge stacks. 3 storeys, 3 irregular bays. Central bay has doorway, now blocked, between fluted Doric pilasters carrying entablature which extends above flanking renewed shop windows. To left 6-panel door with overlight, to far left altered 16-pane sash, to right C20 window. 1st and 2nd floors each have central bay with tripartite sashes under segmental arches with central 12-pane section flanked by colonettes; and 16-pane sashes in end bays. Right return has later openings and stone inscribed perhaps re-set. D A. L. 1839 Rear elevation has gable set forward with very tall round-headed stair window with intersecting glazing bars; and corniced gable stacks. Building Name: CHURCH OF ST CUTHBERT LBS Number: 240198 Grade: II Date Listed: 15/04/1969 NGR: NY8378955957 (Market Place, North side) Parish church on medieval site. 1874 by Austin & Johnson, except for lower part of tower which survives from the church of 1807. Squared stone with ashlar dressings, slate roofs. Aisled nave and chancel, west tower. Free C14 style. West tower has 4 stepped stages; pointed south doorway with hoodmould and stone above giving dates of rebuilding and restoration; paired pointed openings to belfry, embattled parapet with pinnacles, pyramid roof with vane. Aisle walls with windows,mostly of 2 lights,and stepped buttresses; sundial at west end of south wall inscribed Page 40 Allendale Conservation Area Character Appraisal. Consultation Draft. Page 41 HORA FUGIT 1842 LAT 54 50 (the latitude is cited as a reference to Allendale Town being geographically the centre of Britain). Similar fenestration in chancel, 3-light east window and C20 roof lights. Interior: 4-bay nave arcades, chancel arch and 2-bay chancel arcades all in C14 style with hollow-chamfered arches and moulded capitals. Simple pointed tower arch of 1807. Fittings mostly later Cl9; elaborate reredos of yellow Italian marble and mosaic work dated 1887. Glass in north aisle by Atkinson brothers of Newcastle, 1906. Building Name: ARNISON TERRACE 3 LBS Number: 240200 Grade: II Date Listed: 23/08/1985 NGR: NY8379755802 (Market Place, south side). House, late C18 or early C19. Squared rubble with stone dressings, stone slate roof, stone gable stacks. 2 storeys, 2 wide bays. Central half-glazed door with alternating jambs, in later wooden porch. Sash windows, with glazing bars removed, in beaded boxes; slightly projecting sills. Building Name: HYDRANT IN FRONT OF NUMBER 3 ARNISON TERRACE LBS Number: 240201 Grade: II Date Listed: 23/08/1985 NGR: NY8378955814 (Market Place, south side) Hydrant, probably late C19. Cast-iron. Fluted shaft with leonine mask carries domed cap which has a lotus finial. Building Name: HOTSPUR HOTEL LBS Number: 240202 Grade: II Date Listed: 23/08/1985 NGR: NY8375655784 (Market Place, south side) Inn, dated B.1806 R.1883 on lintel of rear door (now internal) which probably refers to dates of buildings and restoration. Squared stone, slate roof, corniced stone ridge and gable stacks. 3 storeys, 3 bays, each bay with a small projecting bow, plinth, sill bands. Between 2nd and 3rd bays 4-panel door with overlight in surround with Tuscan pilasters carrying pulvinated frieze and swan-neck pediment with rosettes. Sash windows with glazing bars removed, curved on plan except for later C19 ground floor sash between 1st and 2nd bays, set in blocking of earlier doorway. Rear elevation shows tall round-headed stair window with margined glazing and later C19 canted bay to right. Building Name: SELAH HOUSE, SECTION ADJACENT TO WEST END OF HOTSPUR HOTEL LBS Number: 240203 Grade: II Date Listed: 23/08/1985 NGR: NY8374855778 (Market Place, south side) House, early C19 altered later C19. Rubble, with stone dressings, slate roof, rebuilt brick stack on right gable. 3 storeys, 1 bay. 6-panel door with margined overlight in raised stone surround; late C19 canted bay window. 1st floor 12-pane sash in beaded box with slightly projecting sill and lintel, 2nd floor shortened sash window of similar form. Allendale Conservation Area Character Appraisal. Consultation Draft. Included for group value with Hotspur Hotel Building Name: HARE AND HOUNDS INN LBS Number: 240209 Grade: II Date Listed: 23/08/1985 NGR: NY8367355822 (The Peth, south side) Inn, late C18 altered C19. Squared stone with tooled dressings; hipped roof with green patterned fishscale slates; brick stack to rear. 2 storeys, 2 bays. 6-panel door with patterned overlight in alternating jambs. Carriage entrance with timber lintel on left and altered sash window with slightly projecting sill on right; 2 similar windows above. Included for group value. Building Name: HOUSE ADJOINING HARE AND HOUNDS INN TO EAST LBS Number: 240208 Grade: II Date Listed: 23/08/1985 NGR: NY8368555820 House, late C18. Squared stone with tooled dressings; stone slate roof, rebuilt brick ridge and gable stacks. 3 storeys and tall basement, 3 bays. Stone stair in centre, up to 4-panel door in raised stone surround flanked by late C19 sashes in older openings with wedge lintels and slightly projecting sills. Similar windows to 2nd floor and similar but smaller windows to 3rd floor. At basement level a C20 garage door on left, a 9-pane fixed window on a boarded door on right. Building Name: PETH HEAD HOUSE LBS Number: 240210 Grade: II Date Listed: 23/08/1985 NGR: NY8366955831 (The Peth, south side). House, late C18 or early C19. Rubble with stone quoins and dressings; stone slate roof, corniced stone stack on right gable. 2 storeys, 3 bays. Central renewed door with latticed overlight and alternating jambs. Sash windows which have lost their glazing bars, tooled lintels and sills, central let floor window blocked. Large blocked segmental-headed arch to rear. Building Name: PATH HOUSE (previously listed as Path Head) LBS Number: 240211 Grade: II Date Listed: 15/04/1969 NGR: NY8365255835 (The Peth, south side) House, 1813. Front elevation tooled ashlar, returns and rear rubble; hipped slate roof, stepped stone end stacks. Lower section set back to right, rubble with slate roof and stone gable stack. 3 storeys, 3 + 1 bays, symmetrical. Plinth, sill bands. 3 curved steps to central flush-panelled door with traceried fanlight under keyed archivolt. 16-pane sash windows. Right extension has boarded door with 12-pane sash to left. Similar windows above. To far right a later lean-to with external stone stair to 1st floor door. Flight of stone steps alongside left return. Rear elevation shows tall roundheaded stair window with patterned glazing bars. Interior not seen. Dorothy Forster is reputed to have been born here. Page 42 Allendale Conservation Area Character Appraisal. Consultation Draft. Building Name: HALLGARTH LBS Number: 240212 Grade: II Date Listed: 23/08/1985 NGR: NY8363055832 (The Peth, south side, off) House, dated 1829, on keystone of door. Squared stone, rusticated ashlar quoins and dressings to front; hipped slate roof with stepped and corniced ashlar end stacks. 2 storeys, 3 bays, symmetrical. 1st floor sill band. Central 6-panel door has fanlight with radial glazing under basket-arched head, rusticated surround with dated keystone. 12-pane sash windows, central 1st floor blocked. Later additions to rear. Building Name: DRINKING FOUNTAIN IN FRONT OF NO.4 AND THE COTTAGE LBS Number: 240213 Grade: II Date Listed: 23/08/1985 NGR: NY8371755749 (Shield Street, east side) Drinking fountain, probably late C18. Squared stone. Tap set in semicircular recess with round-arched head under pediment enclosing panel with initials I.H. Plain sunk panel to rear; gabled top. Building Name: TRINITY METHODIST CHURCH LBS Number: 240214 Grade: II Date Listed: 23/08/1985 NGR: NY8368555736 (Shield Street, west side) Chapel, dated 1875 on foundation stones. Squared stone with ashlar dressings, slate roof. Gabled front to street has central section set slightly forward with double doors under margined fanlight in round-headed arch flanked by Tuscan pilasters carrying cornice. Triple sash above; bay capped by moulded cornice and flanked by sash windows to ground floor and gallery. All windows have margined sashes,with C19 coloured glass,under round-headed arches, with slightly projecting sills carried on corbels. Dated foundation stones beneath ground floor windows. Coped gable with obelisk finial. Interior; many contemporary fittings; gallery with shutters. Building Name: 8 SHIELD STREET LBS Number: 240215 Grade: II Date Listed: 23/08/1985 NGR: NY8371555787 (Shield Street, west side) House, late C18. Rubble with stone dressings, stone slate roof, corniced stone gable stack. 2 storeys, 3 bays. Renewed door in alternating surround between 1st and 2nd bays; similar doorway, now blocked, between 2nd and 3rd bays. 9-pane window in alternating surround between doors, the other windows sashes which have lost their glazing bars; tooled lintels and sills. Building Name: ISAAC'S WELL LBS Number: 240199 Grade: II Date Listed: 15/04/1969 NGR: NY8383455828 Wellhead dated 1849. Stone, cast-iron. Large irregular stone trough cut from a single block of gritstone fed by cast-iron pipe, with remains of bucket stand. To right one side of a second stone tank is incorporated in the wall, beneath a stone with a sunk elliptical-arched panel inscribed 'ISAACS WELL' with date beneath. Page 43 Allendale Conservation Area Character Appraisal. Consultation Draft. Page 44 Building Name: K6 OUTSIDE WESTHOE HOUSE LBS Number: 437156 Grade: II Date Listed: 15/08/1994 NGR: NY8377555808 Telephone kiosk. Type K6. Designed in 1935 by Sir Giles Gilbert Scott. Made by various contractors. Cast iron. Square kiosk with domed roof. Unperforated crowns to top panels and margin glazing to windows and doors. Building Name: ALLENDALE TOWN BRIDGE, OVER RIVER EAST ALLEN LBS Number: 240169 Grade: II Date Listed: 23/08/1985 NGR: NY8351455797 Bridge, early C19, altered C20. Squared rubble, parapets raised and south end of west parapet rebuilt in squared and tooled stone. Segmental arch with moulded arch ring flanked by pilasters carried up as piers beyond which the parapets splay out to further piers. Triangular-section coping. Drain with large stone spout in parapet wall adjacent to north-east end pier. Building Name: BRIDGE END COTTAGES LBS Number: 240170 Grade: II Date Listed: 23/08/1985 NGR: NY8340255771 Pair of cottages, early C19. Coursed rubble with dressings; stone slate roof, stone ridge stack. 2 storeys, 3 bays. Renewed doorsin alternating tooled and margined surrounds, renewed windows in openings with slightlyprojecting sills. Included mainly for group value. Building Name: BRIDGE END HOUSE LBS Number: 240171 Grade: II Date Listed: 23/08/1985 NGR: NY8340555758 House, early C19. Coursed rubble with tooled and margined dressings; hipped slate roof, 2 stone stepped and corniced stacks to rear. 2 storeys, 3 windows, symmetrical. Central flush-panelled door with tripartite margined fanlight, 12-pane sash windows with slightly projecting sills. Building Name: WAYSIDE COTTAGE LBS Number: 240176 Grade: II Date Listed: 23/08/1985 NGR: NY8344155719 House, C18, altered. Rubble, stone slate roof with stone ridge and gable stacks. 2 storeys, irregular fenestration. Most windows renewed, some in old openings. Left gable has 2 corbels 1.5m above ground, probably for former projecting stack. Included for group value with Wooley Burnfoot Cottage. Allendale Conservation Area Character Appraisal. Consultation Draft. Building Name: WOOLEY BURNFOOT COTTAGE LBS Number: 240177 Grade: II Date Listed: 23/08/1985 NGR: NY8357655640 Cottage, probably 1868 and built as a pair with the Friends' Meeting House (q.v.). Coursed rubble with rusticated quoins and ashlar dressings; slate roof, small stone gable stacks. 1 tall storey, 3 bays. Off-centre boarded door with adjacent 12-pane sash on right and similar windows in end bays. All openings in raised stone surrounds with raised blocks at mid-height of jambs. 3 smaller windows in similar style to rear. Building Name: FRIENDS MEETING HOUSE LBS Number: 240173 Grade: II Date Listed: 23/08/1985 NGR: NY8344455691 Friends' Meeting House, 1868. Rubble, with rusticated ashlar quoins and tooled ashlar dressings; slate roof with small gable stacks, left gable coped with moulded kneelers, right gable with bargeboards. 1 tall storey. Front (north) elevation; boarded door with panel over '1735 REBUILT 1868', to left 12-pane sash, to right 2 12-pane sashes. Rear elevation shows 2 similar windows. All openings in raised stone surrounds with raised blocks at midheight of jambs. Page 45 Allendale Conservation Area Character Appraisal. Consultation Draft. Page 46 APPENDIX 2 Relevant Council Policies Tynedale Council has a number of policies that are designed to protect and enhance the historic environment. The Council is moving towards the completion of its Local Development Framework (LDF). This is the folder of local development documents that outlines how planning will be managed in the future. It will gradually replace the adopted Tynedale District Local Plan. The LDF consists of several documents and plans that form a framework for planning future development in Tynedale, including where new housing, employment and community facilities will be located and for safeguarding the environment of the District. Three important documents have already been adopted including the Core Strategy. The Local Plan is slowly being superseded by the LDF documents but elements of it will remain as "saved" while further new documents are produced. The key relevant parts of the LDF Core Strategy and saved Local Plan policies that impact upon the conservation area are as follows: a. The LDF Core Strategy: Core Strategy BE1 includes: To conserve and, where appropriate, enhance the quality and integrity of Tynedale’s built environment and its historic features including archaeology giving particular protection to listed buildings, scheduled monuments and conservation areas. Core Strategy GD3 The existing boundaries of the Northumberland Greenbelt will be maintained. It is designed, in part, to protect the character and setting of historic settlements. b. Saved policies from Tynedale District Local Plan BE19 - Demolition of Listed Buildings The total or substantial demolition of a listed building will not be permitted. BE18 - Development affecting the character and setting of a Conservation Area Outside a conservation area, development will be permitted if it would not harm the character setting or views into or out of the conservation area. BE20 - Demolition of structures in the curtilage of a listed building Allendale Conservation Area Character Appraisal. Consultation Draft. Page 47 Listed building consent for the demolition of structures within the curtilage of a listed building will be permitted where: • the structure to be demolished does not make a significant contribution to the character of the Listed Building or its setting, • any redevelopment proposals meet the requirement of Policy BE22; and • the structure is not listed in its own right or mentioned in the list description BE21 - Alteration and extension to listed buildings Proposals for the alteration or extension of listed buildings will be granted consent where: • the essential character of the building is retained and its features of special interest remain intact and unimpaired, • the works proposed make use of traditional and/or sympathetic building materials and techniques which match or are in keeping with those found on the Listed Building, • the architectural details (e.g. doors, gutters, windows) match or are in keeping with the Listed Building; and • the proposal meets the requirement of General Development Policy GD2. All applications for such development must be accompanied by detailed drawings of both the existing structure and the proposed development BE22 - The setting of listed buildings Proposals for development which would adversely affect the essential character or setting of a Listed Building will not be permitted. Proposals for development within the setting of a listed building will only be appropriate where the following criteria are met: • the detailed design is in keeping with the listed building in terms of scale, height, massing and alignment; and • the works proposed make use of traditional or sympathetic building materials and techniques which are in keeping with those found on the listed building BE23 - Change of use of listed buildings The change of use of a listed building in order to restore or maintain its viable use will be permitted provided the proposal accords with Policy BE21 Allendale Conservation Area Character Appraisal. Consultation Draft. Page 48 BE27 - Regional and locally important archaeological sites and settings Development which would be detrimental to regionally or locally important archaeological sites or their settings will not be permitted unless the proposed development is considered to be of overriding regional importance and no alternative site is available BE28 - Archaeological Assessment Where it is not clear how important an archaeological site is, or where the impact of a development proposal on an existing archaeological site is uncertain, the developer will be required to provide further information in the form of an archaeological assessment and, where such an assessment indicates that important archaeological remains may be affected, a full archaeological evaluation. BE29 - Development and preservation Where sites or monuments of archaeological importance would be affected by development, their preservation in situ is preferred. Where the site is not considered to be of sufficient importance to merit preservation in situ and development is subsequently permitted, planning permission will be subject to an archaeological condition, or a Planning Obligation will be sought, which will require the excavation and recording of the remains prior to or during the development. In such instances, publication of the findings will also be required.