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MATEMATIK NOMBOR Tip Pecahan 1 1. 1/2 = one over two or one half 2. 1/4 = one over four or one quarter 3. 3/4 = three over four or three quarters 4. Fraction with the numerator that is less than its denominator is called proper fraction. 5. Improper fraction is a fraction with numerator that is same as or greater than its denominator. For example: We write the improper fraction as 3/2. We read it as three halves or three over two 6. In solving problems involving fractions, use the following steps. Step 1: Understanding the problem. Step 2: Devising a plan. Step 3: Implementing the plan. Step 4: Looking back. Example: Puan Asiah bought 5 1/2 m of white cloth, 3 1/5 m of red cloth and 1 7/10 m of floral cloth. How many metres of cloth did she buy altogether? MATEMATIK NOMBOR Answer: MATEMATIK NOMBOR Tip Pecahan 2 1. There are two method of adding mixed numbers. Method 1: Add the whole numbers and fractions separately. Method 2: Change the mixed numbers to improper fractions first. 2. Subtraction of mixed numbers can be carried out using two methods. Method 1: Subtract the whole numbers and fractions separately. Method 2: Change mixed numbers to improper fractions first. Tip Pecahan 3 1. To multiply any proper fractions by a whole number, we can use the following methods: Use diagrams Example: 1/2 of 4 = 1/2 x 4 =2 2. Multiply the whole number by the numerator Example: Cancellation Example: MATEMATIK NOMBOR 3. Cancellation Example: Tip Pecahan 4 1. To change a proper fraction of tenths to a percentage, convert it to fraction of hundredths. 2. To change a proper fraction to a percentage, we can also multiply it by 100%. Example: Convert 1/2 to a percentage. 3. To change a percentage to a decimal or vice versa, express it as a fraction of hundredths. Then, convert it to decimal or percentage. Example: Convert 0.33 to a percentage. 0.33 = 33/100 = 33%