Download Cyanide Antidotes What is a safe cyanide poisoning antidote as it

FAQ
Cyanide Antidotes
What is a safe cyanide
poisoning antidote as it
relates to smoke inhalation?
What cyanide antidotes are
approved by the FDA for
cyanide poisoning?
Is this antidote approved by
the FDA for use on smoke
inhalation victims?
Is more than one drug
contained in the packaging
for this antidote? If so, what
drugs?
Can this antidote be used for
industrial exposure to
cyanide poisoning if CO is not
a consideration?
Can this antidote be used for
cyanide poisoning as it
relates to fire smoke
exposure – when carbon
Not harmful to patients
with concurrent carbon
monoxide poisoning.
Quick and easy to
administer.
Not dangerous to patients
who ultimately are found
NOT to be suffering from
cyanide poisoning
Cyanokit/
Hydroxocobalamin
Cyanide Antidote Kit (CAK), a/k/a Lilly Kit, Pasadena Kit,
Keystone Kit
Nithiodote
Cyanokit /
Hydroxocobalamin
Yes
Cyanide Antidote Kit
Nithiodote
No
Yes
Yes
Cyanokit 5 g consists of 2
vials, each with 2.5 g
lyophilized
Hydroxocobalamin dark red
crystalline powder for
injection.
After reconstitution, each
vial contains
hydroxocobalamin for
injection, 25 mg/mL
Yes
Yes
2- 10mL Ampules of Sodium Nitrite 300mg in 2mL 2- 50mL
Vials of Sodium Thiosulfate
12.5g in 50mL 12- Ampules of Amyl Nitrite Inhalant,
5 min (0.3mL) 1- Sterile 10mL Syringe with Needle
1- Stomach Tube 1- Sterile 60mL Syringe
1- Sterile Needle
1- Non-sterile 60mL Syringe
1- Tourniquet
Instructions for the treatment of Cyanide poisoning.
Yes
Sodium Nitrite - 10 mL Sodium
Thiosulfate - 50 mL
Yes
Yes
Yes
The entire kit should not be administered to a smoke
The entire kit should not be
monoxide exposure is also a
consideration?
Are all of the drugs in this kit
safe for administration to a
smoke inhalation patient?
Which drug could be
dangerous to a smoke
inhalation a patient?
Why or how could Nitrites be
dangerous to a smoke
inhalation victim?
inhalation victim.
Yes
No
administered to a smoke inhalation
victim.
No
N/A
Sodium Nitrite
Sodium Nitrite
N/A
The nitrites enable the red blood cells to absorb cyanide
out of the blood stream and out the body’s cells and
transport it to the liver, where sodium thiosulfate
transforms it into far less toxic substance that is excreted
through the kidneys into urine and passed out of the
body.
With red blood cells transporting cyanide, there are
fewer seats for oxygen to make the journey from the
lungs to the rest of the body’s cells. And in the
presence of carbon monoxide, there’s even far less
room for the oxygen within the red blood cells. So
even though the nitrites are pulling cyanide out of the
cells, which would allow energy production to resume,
not enough oxygen reaches the cells to fuel the
process. Also, sodium nitrite is a vasodilator which can
cause the blood vessels to increase in diameter, which
drops the blood pressure. Since victims of cyanide
poisoning are already hypotensive, meaning having low
blood pressure, if sodium nitrite is delivered too
rapidly, it can dilate the blood vessels making
hypotension even worse.
Same explanation for Cyanide
Antidote Kit.