Download 經濟學第一冊GDBV1-1

經濟學第一冊 GDBV1-1
頁數 P34
題目 A 12. A demand function for air conditioners is given by: QD air
conditioner=10,000-2P air conditioner+0.0004income+30P electric fan-4P
electricity At current average prices, an air conditioner costs 5,000 yen, a fan
costs 200 yen, and electricity costs 1,000 yen. Average income is 4,000,000
yen. The income elasticity of demand for air conditioners is closest
to:(A)0.0004. (B)3,600. (C)40,000.
解答 此題主要傳達彈性與斜率的關係。因而，其近似值是 0.0004。
Substituting current values for the independent variables other than income, the
demand function becomes:
QD air conditioner＝10,000－2(5,000)＋0.04＋30(200)－4(1000)
＝0.004income＋2,000
The slope of income is 0.0004, and for an income of 4,000,000yen, QD＝3,600.
頁數 P35
題目 A 16. According to the “invisible hand” principle, which of the following
statements is least accurate?(A)Efficient allocation of productive resources
occurs through competition. (B)The authority of the state, although not seen,
must always be present in the market. (C)Producers serve society’s interest
by serving their own self-interest.
解答 不好意思，正確答案是 B，而非 A。
頁數 P35
題目 A 17. Assuming equal expected penalties to buyers and sellers in the market for an
illegal good, which of the following most accurately describes respective
equilibrium price and quantity relative to the market for a legal
good?(A)Same; lower. (B)Higher; lower. (C)Same; higher.
解答 With an equal penalty to buyers and sellers, the vertical shift in both the supply and
demand curve offset each other, and the price for the illegal good remains the same.
The equilibrium quantity, however, is less than that for the legal good.
頁數 P51
題目 C 4. When the price of a good decreases, and an individual’s consumption of that
good also decreases, it is most likely that the:(A)income effect and
substitution effect are both negative. (B)substitution effect is negative and the
income effect is positive. (C)income effect is negative and the substitution
effect is positive.
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學員問題解答
解答 The substitution effect of price decrease is always positive, but the income effect
can be either positive or negative. Consumption of a good will decrease when the
price of that good decreases only if the income effect is both negative and greater
than the substitution effect.
頁數 P51
題目 C 5. If widgets are a Giffen good, which of the following describes the effect of a
price decrease in widgets? Quantity demanded will most likely:(A)increase in
accordance with the law of demand. (B)decrease because a lower price makes
a Giffen good less desirable. (C)decrease because the income effect will more
than offset the substitution effect.
解答 Giffen goods are an inferior good for which the income effect is greater than the
substitution effect, so that when the price decreases, quantity demanded will also
decrease. Goods that are perceived as less desirable when price decreases are called
Vablen goods.
頁數 P117
題目 B 10 Consider a firm in an oligopoly market that believes the demand curve for its
. product is more elastic above a certain price than below this price. This belief
fits most closely to which of the following models?(A)Dominant firm model.
(B)Kinked demand model. (C)Cournot model.
解答 The kinked demand model assumes that each firm in a market belives that at some
price, demand is more elastic for a price increase than for a price decrease.
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經濟學第二冊 GDBV1-2
頁數 P25
題目 B 8. If a government budget deficit increases, net exports must:(A)increase, or the
excess of private saving over private investment must decrease. (B)decrease,
or the excess of private saving over private investment must increase.
(C)decrease, or the excess of private saving over private investment must
decrease.
The
fundamental
relationship among saving, investment, the fiscal balance, and the
解答
trade balance is described by the following equation:(G－T)＝(S－I)－(X－M). If
the government budget deficit (G－T) increases, the larger budget deficit must be
financed by some combination of an increases in the excess of private saving over
private investment (S－I) or a decrease in net exports (X－M).
頁數 P25
題目 B 12 A stronger domestic currency relative to foreign currencies is most likely to
. result in a:(A)shift in the aggregate supply curve toward lower supply.
(B)shiftin the aggregate demand curve toward lower demand. (C)movement
along the aggregate demand curve towards higher prices.
Strengthening
of the domestic currency should cause exports to decrease and
解答
imports to increase, causing the AD curve to shift to the left (lower demand). At the
same time, the cost of raw material inputs should decrease in domestic currency
terms, causing the SRAS curve to shift to the right (greater supply). Changes in the
price level cause movement along the AD and AS curves; in this case, any shifts
along these curves will be towards lower prices.
頁數 P38
題目 A 7. Which of the following is least likely to reduce substitution bias in a
consumer price index?(A)Adjust for the bias directly using hedonic pricing.
(B)Use a Paasche index. (C)Use a chained index.
解答 Adopting a chained price index method addresses substitution bias, as does using a
paasche index. Hedonic pricing adjusts for improvements in the quality of products
over time, not substritution bias.
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學員問題解答
頁數 P38
題目 C 8. In which of the following inflation scenarios does short-run aggregate supply
decrease due to increasing wage demands?(A)Cost-push inflation.
(B)Demand-pull inflation. (C)Both cost-push and demand-pull inflation.
解答
頁數 P38
題目 A 9. The consumer price index for services is classified as a:(A)lagging indicator.
(B)leading indicator. (C)coincident indicator.
解答 消費者物價指數是一種落後指標 lagging indicator。
頁數 P38
題目 A 10 The most recent economic indicators show a decrease in the unemployment
. rate, an increase in personal income, and a decrease in building permits.
Which phase of the business cycle is most consistent with these
changes?(A)Peak. (B)Trough. (C)Contraction.
解答 Declining building permits (a leading indicator) indicate a potential contraction.
Increasing personal income (a coincident indicator) and a decreasing unemployment
rate (a lagging indicator) suggest the economy has been in an expansion phase. This
combination of indicators is consistent with a peak in the business cycle.
頁數 P57
題目 C 9. Sales in the retail sector have been sluggish, and consumer confidence has
recently declined, indicating fewer planned purchases. In response, the
president sends an expansionary government spending plan to the legislature.
The plan is submitted on March 30, and the legislature refines and approves
the terms of the spending plan on June 30. What type of fiscal plan is being
considered, and what type of delay did the plan experience between March 30
and June 30?
Fiscal plan
Type of lag
(A)
Discretionary
Recognition
(B)
Automatic
Action
(C)
Discretionary
Action
The
expansionary
plan
initiated
by
the
president
and
approved by the legislature is
解答
an example of discretionary fiscal policy. The lag from the time of the submission
(March 30) through time of the vote (June 30) is known as action lag. It took the
legislature three months to write and pass the necessary laws.
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頁數 P57
題目 C 10 A government is concerned about the timing of the impact of fiscal policy
. changes and is considering requiring the compilation and reporting of
economic statistics weekly, rather than quarterly. The new reporting
frequency is intended to decrease the:(A)impact lag. (B)action lag.
(C)recognition lag.
解答 impact lag：影響落後
action lag：行動落後
recognition lag：認知落後
more frequent and current economic data would make it easier for authorities to
monitor the economy and to recognize problems. The reduction in the time between
economic reports should reduce the recognition lag.
頁數 P58
題目 C 18 In the presence of tight monetary policy and loose fiscal policy, the most
. likely effect on interest rates and the private sector share in GDP are:
Interest rates
Share of private sector
(A)
lower
lower
(B)
higher
higher
(C)
higher
lower
解答 Tight monetary policy and loose fiscal policy lead to higher interest rates. Tight
monetary policy decreases private sector growth, while loose fiscal policy expands
the public sector, reduction the overall share of private sector in the GDP.
頁數 P90
題目 A 5. The least likely result of import quotas and voluntary export restraints
is:(A)increased revenue for the government. (B)a decrease in the quantity of
imports of the product. (C)a shift in production toward higher-cost suppliers.
Import
quotas and voluntary export restraints, unlike tariffs, do not necessarily
解答
generate tax revenue. The other choices describe effects that result from tariffs,
quotas, and VERs.
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學員問題解答
頁數 P102
題目 A 2. Sell-side participants in the foreign exchange market are most likely to
include:(A)banks. (B)hedge funds. (C)insurance companies.
解答
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頁數 P103
題目 C 12. The monetary authority of The Stoddard Islands will exchange its currency
for U.S. dollars at a one-for-one ratio. As a result, the exchange rate of the
Stoddard Islands currency with the U.S. dollar is 1.00, and many businesses
in the Islands will accept U.S. dollars in transactions. This exchange rate
regime is best described as:(A)a fixed peg. (B)dollarization. (C)a currency
board.
解答 通貨委員會 currency board：國內貨幣與外國貨幣之間的匯率是固定的，固定匯
率的設定是經由立法程序，例如港幣與美元之間的關係。
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