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Vol.–3, # 02 May - 2016 Ust Monthly e-Communication Dedicated to SKILL and Industry – Academia Collaboration Editor’s Point – Time for SMART Grids Renewable Energy is adding power from diversified sources of generation to existing distribution SubStations that may create problems. But, technological advances are keeping pace with the changing ground situations. In an era, when everything is turning smart, why we can’t think of SMART Grids. India Smart Grid Week (ISGW 2016) was observed by India Smart Grid Forum in March 2016 at Manekshaw Centre, Dhaula Kuan, New Delhi (visit www.isgw.in for details). It is a public private partnership initiative of the Ministry of Power, Govt. of India with mandate to accelerate smart grid deployments across the country. Admissions to Engineering institutions in India is a matter of concern for many. Universities do not get requisite number of applicants, many graduates do not get jobs and many aspirants are committing suicide. Having entered 3rd year of publication this is 26th issue in series since April 2014. A project dedicated to KNOWLEDGE dissemination that is FREE, it calls for your support. For details, visit ‘About Us’ page of website or write us at [email protected] Rockwell Automation Inc. Headquartered in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, Rockwell is world’s largest company dedicated to industrial automation. It was initiated by a physician Stanton Allen and his friend Lynde Bradley running Bradley's Milwaukee X-Ray Laboratory. Together they formed Compression Rheostat Company with initial investment of $1,000 in 1903 that was later renamed Allen-Bradley in 1909. 1920 witnessed the "Bradleystat," a rheostat for use in automobile dashboards and radios. AllenBradley purchased Electronics Corporation of America and acquired the Photoswitch line of photoelectric sensors; Rockwell International purchased Allen-Bradley, marking the largest acquisition in Wisconsin's history on February 20, 1985 Beginning 1993, the developments were pretty fast. The company introduced Ethernet and TCP/IP connectivity in its Allen-Bradley PLCs. In 1994 - Allen-Bradley line of software merged with ICOM lines to form Rockwell Software Inc. Logix control platform was launched by Allen-Bradley with introduction of ControlLogix 5550 controller and RSLogix 5000 programming software. In 1999 - the company extended connectivity and information transparency through its Integrated Architecture system and safety portfolio expanded with acquisition of Guardmaster® brand. Rockwell Automation : New Chapter - 2001 witnessed renaming of the company to Rockwell Automation with launch of the PowerFlex family of AC drives with the PowerFlex 70 and 2003 – marked 100th anniversary year of Allen-Bradley brand followed by cooperation between Rockwell Automation and Intel Corporation to expand the use of Intel's new high-performance network processor technology in industrial automation applications. The ICS Triplex acquisition in 2007 provided critical control and safety solutions for process industries. Rockwell and Cisco Systems formed alliance that focused on simplifying the integration of plant floor and corporate networks to improve flow and security of production information. The power of collaboration and cooperation was extended in 2007 through PartnerNetwork program – a framework of well-managed relationships that provides customers with access to a global network of best-in-class companies that was introduced in 2008 and later in 2010, Rockwell Automation was named to the Dow Jones Sustainability North America Index as one of the region's most sustainable companies. Rockwell acquired industrial automation repairs and services provider LeKtroniX in 2011 and in 2012 - the Ethisphere Institute recognized Rockwell Automation as one of the "world's most ethical companies for the fourth time. UDYOG Sanchetana – May 2016 DISCLAIMER: Content in this newsletter have been duly acknowledged for source and are not meant for commercial or business use Page 1 Vol.–3, # 02 Ust May - 2016 Monthly e-Communication Dedicated to SKILL and Industry – Academia Collaboration Why Smart Grids? Requirements on power distribution of medium and low-voltage grids are increasing due to growing number of power supplies from multiple and volatile power sources, like - photovoltaic/ biogas plants and wind farms. It leads to changing directions of power flow, load and voltage fluctuations. The traditional substations are designed for only unidirectional energy flow and are equipped with conventional transformers that are no longer capable of coping with the effects of volatile power sources. The consequences are frequent supply breakdowns with ever increasing downtimes. In order to reduce such downtimes and to limit the associated blackout costs, quick adjustments to the changed load conditions must be possible. While the additional load capacity required due to expansion of renewable energies can be provided by grid expansion, the effects resulting from the alternating direction of power flow, load fluctuations, and voltage range limitations can be handled only with intelligent solutions. The answer is a distribution grid with intelligent transformer substations that contribute to active load management in the distribution grid and enable automatic and fast fault clearance in case of blackouts. ABB Power Products & Power Systems Power Products are key components for transmitting and distributing electricity. It incorporates manufacturing network for transformers, switchgear, circuit breakers, cables and associated equipment. ABB Power Systems offers turnkey solutions and services for power transmission and distribution grids and for power plants. Substations and substation automation systems are key areas. Additional highlights include flexible alternating current transmission systems (FACTS), high-voltage direct current (HVDC) systems and network management systems. In power generation, Power Systems offers the instrumentation, control and electrification of power plants. Underground SUB-STATIONS Finding suitable space for SUB-Stations is challenge in a bustling city centre, when demand for power grows. One solution is to dig down, placing the substation below ground level. ABB’s state of the art underground substation concept enables up to 98 percent of an installation to be tucked away below ground, with only cooling ducts and access routes visible above ground. The approach means that ABB can integrate a transformer substation into any urban environment while meeting and future-proofing customer needs. A substation can be hidden underneath a building that could be a shopping centre, car park or sports stadium, including public spaces like parks, traffic roundabouts or intersections. An underground substation accommodates transformers, GIS, automation, protection and control systems, auxiliary equipment, AC and DC distribution boards, batteries, ventilation, air-conditioning and fire protection systems. SMART Circuit Breakers A new Disconnecting Circuit Breaker (DCB) developed by ABB makes use of Fibre Optic technology to simplify substation design and significantly reduces footprint required for high-voltage switchgear for 362 – 550 kV applications. The Fibre Optic Current Sensor (FOCS) also adds to the intelligence of the device, enabling it to be part of a more flexible, reliable and smarter grid. The concept was revolutionary as it not only reduces the footprint but also paves the way for simpler installation, lower maintenance overheads, lower failure rates and improved levels of safety. Because the primary contacts in a DCB are enclosed in SF6 gas and protected from pollution. Hence, DCBs offer significantly higher reliability than standalone air-insulated disconnectors. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________ A word about Engineering Profession. The profession is not limited to acquiring a B Tech degree in any branch of Engineering. There are multiple career options thereafter, like - production, maintenance, marketing, academics, entrepreneurship, design, R&D, besides an option to switch over to management or administrative services. One has to be aware of strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats, known as SWOT. These contribute to success in career. Hence, it is necessary that every student makes an assessment of personal likes/ dislikes, aptitude with an eye on SWOT and takes action to proceed early in a direction to fulfill the career goal. “Dream IIT” by Prof Virendra Grover is a guide to Engineering profession. It is now available as eBook on Kindle. Institutions are welcome to arrange presentations by the author on Career Planning. Compiled by Prof Virendra Grover, Puja Mehta and Kirti Chopra for the Ispat Bharti Foundation (IBF) UDYOG Sanchetana – May 2016 DISCLAIMER: Content in this newsletter have been duly acknowledged for source and are not meant for commercial or business use Page 2