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Mesopotamia
Critical Vocabulary
Mesopotamia
From the Greek meaning
"land between the
rivers“) is the area of
the Tigris and Euphrates
river system, largely
corresponding to modern
Iraq where civilization
began.
Agriculture
The raising of
domesticated
animals and
plants to
provide a
steady supply
of food. (i.e.:
farming)
Agricultural Revolution
When a civilization
recognized the ability to
stay in one place and survive
from the planted ground.
As a result we see….
• Growth of the family
• Towns and cities
• Domesticated animals
• New technology
Artifact
• An artifact can be
any object made or
modified by humans
which then tells
what those people
were like.
BC/AD Timeline
A graphic
organizer or
outline that
illustrates
events in
chronological
order.
City-States
• The territory of the city-state corresponds to
the city limits and has one government that is
independent from any other government
entity, i.e. Athens or Sumer.
Civilizations
• A civilization is a
society or
culture group
normally defined
as a complex
society
characterized by
the practice of
agriculture and
settlement in
towns and cities.
Class System
• Groups of
people having
the same
social,
economic, or
educational
status.
Code of Hammurabi
One of the first
known written
set of laws in
history written
by King
Hammurabi in
Mesopotamia.
Culture
It is the way a
civilization of people…
•Talk
•Sing
•Dance
•Worship
•Recreation
…or the way people live.
Cuneiform
Cuneiform is the
one of the world’
first known
written
languages. This
began as
pictographs by
the Sumerians of
Mesopotamia.
Domestication
Domestication is
the taming of a
population of
animals or plants
that become
accustomed to an
environment such
as a farm.
Empire
• An empire is an
extensive group of
states or ethnic
peoples united and
ruled over by a
single monarch or
ruling authority.
Language
• Communication of
thoughts and
feelings through a
system of
arbitrary signals,
such as voice
sounds, gestures,
or written symbols.
Nebuchadnezzar
• The king of
Babylon in
Mesopotamia
who built the
Hanging
Gardens for his
wife.
Specialization
Specialization is the
separation of tasks
within a system or
civilization. Farmers
grow crops, bakers
make bread, potters
make pottery and then
trade or sell their
goods for the things
they do not have.
Settlement
• Settlements are the
places where people
settled to build
permanent homes.
This was the
beginning of villages
and towns and “urban
development.”
Technology
•The tools that
we use to
make life
easier.
Traditions
• refers to beliefs,
objects or customs
performed or
believed in in the
past, originating in
it, transmitted
through time by
being taught by one
generation to the
next.