Download Afghan Pine - Fourth Grade Foresters USA

Afghan Pine
(Pinus Eldarica)
The Afghan pine (Pinus eldarica) is a tree with many labels. It has a second
taxonomic classification, P. brutia var. eldarica, and common names that
include desert pine, eldar pine and Mondell pine. This species is a member
of the prolific Pinaceae family, which includes hundreds of different pine
trees that grow in various climates around the world.
Characteristics:
Like other pine species, the Afghan pine is a coniferous evergreen tree. Its foliage emerges as fine
needles, which grow to 5 or 6 inches in length. The tree's yellow flowers
often bloom unnoticed -- the small blossoms are hidden among the plant's
branches and leaves. Afghan pines grow to about 40 feet tall, but some
particularly vivacious trees can exceed 60 feet in height. The tree's
pyramidal structure has a lateral spread of 25 to 30 feet. Each tree produces
both male and female flowers, allowing self-pollination if they are not near
other members of their species.
Climate and Environment:
The Afghan pine prefers warmer temperatures than most of the
Pinus genus. It thrives In U.S. Department of Agriculture hardiness
zones 6 through 8, but can also grow in parts of zones 9, 10 and 11.
This range encompasses most of the continental U.S. it covers
southern states, like New Mexico and Alabama, as well as coastal
states on both the Pacific and Atlantic shorelines. Afghan pines can
grow in extremely arid climates, including the desert regions of
Arizona and Texas. They grow best with full exposure to sunlight
and can tolerate slight drought, temperature fluctuations and various
soil conditions.
History and Origin:
Pinus eldarica is not native to the Americas or Europe, but originated in the warm and dry climates of
western Asia, including areas of Asia Minor, the Middle East and land around the Caspian Sea. This
species is one of the newest members of American forests. It was introduced to the U.S. in the middle of
the 20th century and was not distributed until the 1960s. It has become established in various states and
climate zones throughout the country, but it is not nearly as common as native pine species.
Uses:
The Afghan pine was first imported to the Americas for its potential use as a Christmas tree. However, it
proved difficult for growers to train and prune, so it did not become a popular holiday tree option. The
Afghan pine does have significant aesthetic value, thanks to its symmetrical growth pattern. It is
particularly suitable for dry climates that cannot support fragile ornamental trees. Its relatively dense
foliage also makes it a viable choice as a shade tree for lawns and open areas.
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