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Chaparral Arthropod List By the California Chaparral Institute June 1, 2013 INSECTS: CLASS INSECTA Insects with Complete Metamorphosis BUTTERFLIES AND MOTHS: Lepidoptera Primary Larval Food Reproductive Behavior Swallowtail Butterflies: Papilionidae Family 1-3 broods, Western Tiger Swallowtail Western Sycamore (Platanus racemosa), overwinters as (Papilio rutulus) Anise Swallowtail (Papilio zelicaon) Pale Swallowtail (Papilio eurymedon) various willows, cottonwood Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare), other Apiaceae species Spiney Redberry (Rhamnus crocea), Ceanothus species Comstock’s Fritillary (Speyeria callipe comstocki) Semiramis Fritillary (Speyeria coronis semiramis) Gabb’s Checkerspot (Chlosyne gabbii) Chalcedon Checkerspot (Euphydryas calcedona c.) Painted Lady (Vanessa cardui) West Coast Lady (Vanesa annabella) Red Admiral (Vanessa atalanta) Buckeye (Precis coenia) Lorquin's Admiral (Limenitis lorquini) California Sister (Adelpha bredowii californica) California Ringlet (Coenonympha tullia) Climbing Milkweed (Sarcostemma cyanchoides) Johnny-Jump-Up (Viola pedunculata) Notes Mar.-Sept. chrysalis Many broods Brush-footed Butterflies: Nymphalidae Family Milkweed 2-3 broods in Monarch foothills, overwinters (Danaus plexippus) Striated Queen (Danaus gilippus strigosus) Adult Flight Period as adults along coast Desert breeder All year along the coast Hilltopping Mar.-Aug. Hilltopping Winter along coast, spring-fall in foothills Migrate and cluster in large numbers along coast Apr.-Nov. May-June ??? June-Sept. California Aster (Lessingia filaginifolia), Telegraph Weed Yellow Bush Penstemon (Keckiella antirrhinodies a.) Cheeseweed (Malva parviflora) March-June Cheeseweed (Malva parviflora), Hoary Nettle Hoary Nettle (Urtica dioica holosericea) All year, but most common Feb.-Nov. All year English Plantain (Plantain lanceolata) Willows Many broods Mar.-Nov. 2 broods Apr.-Sept. Grasses 3 broods, coloration differences Feb.-Oct. Migrate in huge numbers Near streambeds Metalmark Butterflies: Riodiniade Family California Buckwheat Behr’s Metalmark (Eriogonum (Apodemia mormo fasciculatum f.) virgulti) 2 broods White and Sulfur Butterflies: Pieridae Family Brassicaceae species Many broods Cabbage White (Pieris rapae) Brassicaceae species Many broods Checkered White (Pontia protodice) Deerweed (Lotus Many broods Orange Sulfur scoparius), clovers (Colias eurytheme) False Indigo 2 broods California Dogface (Amorpha californica) (Colias eurydice) Mustards, other 2 broods, coloration Sara Orange-tip Brassicaceae species differences, (Anthocharis sara) Mar.-Apr., Aug.-Sept. All year All year Hilltopping All year Apr.-May, Jul.-Sept. Near streambeds Feb.-Apr., May-Jun. overwinters as chrysalis Gossamer-wing Butterflies: Lycaenidae Family Locoweed (Astragalus Many broods Marine Blue trichopodus lonchus), (Leptotes marina) Western Tailed Blue (Everes amyntula) Hermes Copper (Lycaena hermes) Common Hairstreak (Strymon melinus) California Hairstreak (Satyrium californica) Gold-hunter’s Hairstreak (Satyrium auretorum spadix) Mountain Mahogany Hairstreak (Satyrium tetra) Hedgerow Hairstreak (Satyrium saepium) Lathrys species Locoweed (Astragalus trichopodus lonchus) Spiney Redberry (Rhamnus crocea) Mar.-Oct. Mar.-Aug. 1 brood Late May to late July with June 20 peak 1 brood June-Aug. Malvaceae species Oaks Nuttal’s Scrub Oak (Quercus dumosa) Mountain Mahogany (Cercocarpus betuloides b.) Ceanothus species Skipper Butterflies: Hesperiidae Family Bermuda Grass Fiery Skipper (Cynodon dactylon) (Hylephila phyleus) Locoweed, other Funeral Duskywing Fabaceace species (Erynnis funeralis) Malvaceae species Western Checkered Skipper (Pyrgus albescens) Apr.-Dec. 3 broods Feb.-Oct. All year, Feb.-Oct. most common Silk Moths: Saturniidae Family Ceanothus species, Ceanothus Silk Moth Laurel Sumac (Hyalophora euryalus) Mar.-Apr. Sphinx Moths: Sphingidae Family White-lined Sphinx (Hyles Onagraceae species, many other plants lineata) Spring-Summer Endemic to San Diego County Tussock Moths: Lymantriidae Family Coast Live Oak 2 broods, overwinters Western Tussock Moth (Quercus agrifolia a.), as egg (Orgyia cana) May-July, Sept.-Oct. Female wingless Summer Wooly-bear larva Summer Wooly-bear larva Rosaceae species Tiger Moths: Arctiidae Family Many plant species Acrea Moth (Estigmene acrea) Many herbaceous Mexican Tiger Moth plant species (Notarctia proxima) Overwinters as larva, pupates in spring Incurvariid Moths: Incurvariidae Family Yucca species Yucca Moth (Tegeticula maculata) FLIES AND FRIENDS: Diptera Spring Primary Larval Food Reproductive Behavior Notes Primary Larval Food Reproductive Behavior Notes Common Crane Fly (Tipula planicornis) Giant Crane Fly (Holorusia hespera) Flesh Fly (Sarcophagidae family) Drone Fly (Eristalis tenax) Bumble Bee Robber Fly (Mallophora fautrix fautricoides) Cactus Fly (Copestylum mexicana) Bee Flies (Bombyliidae family) Tachinid Fly (Archytas apicifer) Smoke Flies (Platypezidae family) BEETLES: Coleoptera Black Ground Beetle (Pristonychus complanatus) California Lady Beetle (Coccinella californica) Ironclad Beetle (Phloeodes pustulosus) Stink Beetle (Eleodes species) Wooly Darkling (Cratidus osculans) Brown Leatherwing (Cantharis consors) Hairy Cyclocephala (Cyclocephala species) Fire Beetles (Melanophila species) California Prionus (Prionus californicus) Western Spotted Cucumber Beetle (Diabrotica undecimpunctata u.) Yucca Weevil (Scyphophorus yuccae) ANTS, WASPS, AND BEES: Hymenoptera Argentine Ant (Iridomyrmex humilis) California Harvester Ant (Pogonomyrmex californicus) Yellow Jacket (Vespula pensylvanica) Golden Polistes Wasp (Polistes fuscatus aurifer) Mud Dauber Wasp (Sceliphron caementarium) Blue Mud Wasp (Chalybion californicum) Sand Wasp (Bembix species) Tarantula Hawk (Pepsis species) Velvet Ant (Dasymutilla species) Cuckoo Wasp (Chrysura pacifica) Live Oak Gallfly (Callirhytis quercuspomiformis) Aphid Killer Wasps (Aphidius species) Leaf Cutter Bees (Megachile species) Sweat Bees (Halictidae family) Carpenter Bees (Xylocopa species) Bumble Bees (Bombus species) European Honey Bee (Apis mellifera) Primary Larval Food Reproductive Behavior Notes NERVE-WINGED INSECTS: Neuroptera Primary Food Reproductive Behavior Notes Green Lacewing (Chrysoperla species) Antlion (Myrmeleontidae family) Insects with Incomplete Metamorphosis GRASSHOPPERS & FRIENDS: Orthoptera Primary Food Reproductive Behavior Notes Primary Food Reproductive Behavior Notes Primary Food Reproductive Behavior Notes Banded-winged Grasshoppers (Trimerotropis species) Tree Cricket (Oecanthus argentinus) Field Cricket (Gryllus species) Broad-winged Katydid (Microcentrum rhombifolium) Fork-tailed Bush Katydid (Scudderia mexicana) Chaparral Katydid (Platylyra californica) Jerusalem Cricket (Stenopelmatus species) PRAYING MANTIDS: Mantodea California Mantid (Stagmomantis californica) TRUE BUGS: Heteroptera Say’s Stink Bug (Chlorochroa sayi) Harlequin Bug (Murgantia histrionica) Western Leaf-footed Bug (Leptoglossus clypealus) Squash Bug (Anasa tristis) Milkweed Bug (Lygaeus kalmii) Bee Assassin (Apiomerus crassipes) Sycamore Lace Bug (Corythuca ciliata confraternus) LEAF HOPPERS & FRIENDS: Homoptera Primary Food Reproductive Behavior Cicada (Cicadidae family) Blue-Green Sharpshooter (Graphocephala atropunctata) Spittle Bug (Aphrophora species) Keelbacked Treehopper (Antianthe expansa) Aphid (Aphididae family) Cochineal Scale (Dactylopius species) DRAGONFLIES & DAMSELFLIES: Odonata Notes Development resembles complete metamorphosis with last nymph stage pupa-like. Primary Food Reproductive Behavior Notes Pastel Skimmer (Sympetrum corruptum) Sage Scrub Dragonfly (Libellula nodisticata) California Archilestes (Archilestes californica) SPIDERS: CLASS ARACHNIDA Spider Species Trapdoor Spiders (Aphonopelma species) Golden Orb Weaver (Argiope aurantia) Jumping Spiders (Salticidae family) Crab Spiders (Thomisidae family) Funnel Weavers (Agelenidae family) Wolf Spiders (Lycosidae family) Lynx Spider (Peucetia viridans) Web Type Reproductive Behavior Notes