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Download Terms and Definitions – April 12
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Terms and Definitions – April 12 Primitivism – a term given to a movement in painting centred in Paris at the beginning of the 20th-century; characteristics of primitivism include directness, instinctiveness, innocence, and the exotic quality of nonurban cultures polymetre – the simultaneous use of two or more metres polyrhythm – the simultaneous use of two or more rhythms that are not readily perceived as deriving from one another or as simple manifestations of the same metre polychord – a chord made up or two or more simpler, usually familiar types of chords Stravinsky The Rite of Spring 1913 (LG 366-7; CD 5/7-10) a) rhythm - tradition metre and rhythm are not used; instead Stravinsky used rhythm in new ways: irregular accents: there may be irregular patterns of rhythm (sometimes against regular rhythms) polymetres, polyrhythms: two different rhythms may be combined -rhythms may be used forcefully as a means of musical direction and silences are used to throw off rhythm b) orchestration - Stravinsky uses all types of instruments in innovative ways: -he uses unusual instrument groupings -he uses the whole range of an instrument or has an instrument play in an unusual range percussive orchestra: at times the orchestra functions as a kind of large percussion instrument c) harmony - Stravinsky organizes this piece around tonal centres, however he will use harmony in novel ways: dissonant polychords: two keys simultaneously or in succession; he also may use an ostinato (a constantly repeated musical pattern) Schoenberg Madonna from Pierrot Lunaire 1912 (LG 370; CD 5/11) Expressionism – art that uses emphasis and distortion to communicate emotion; its influence was the growing interest in the human subconscious, in dreams (or nightmares), and in inner visions; characteristics include intense emotionalism that is often nocturnal, visionary or hallucinatory; insanity sprechstimme (“speaking voice”) – a use of the voice midway between speech and song; in general it calls for only an approximate reproduction of pitches and avoids sustaining of pitch Schoenberg Trio from Suite for Piano 1924 (LG 372; CD 5/13) twelve-tone music – music based on a serial ordering of all twelve chromatic pitches Copland Appalachian Spring 1943-4 (LG 389-90; CD 6/2-5)
