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section11.4 new.notebook March 13, 2017 HardyWeinberg Principle Allele frequencies in a population will remain constant unless one or more factors causes the frequencies to change. The genotype frequency remains the same when a population is in HardyWeinberg equilibrium. a. Very large population b. No emigration or immigration c. No mutations d. Random mating e. No natural selection evolution. HardyWeinberg equilibrium is when a populations allele frequencies remains the same. A population can never be in HardyWeinberg equilibrium because the assumptions cannot be met. It is still of value because it allows us to detect changes in populations from one generation to the next. 1 section11.4 new.notebook March 13, 2017 Equation: 2 2 p + 2pq + q =1 and p+q=1 p= frequency of dominant allele q= frequency of recessive allele p2= individuals that are homozygous dominant. q2= individuals that are homozygous recessive. 2pq= heterozygous individuals. 2 section11.4 new.notebook March 13, 2017 HardyWeinberg equation can be used in simple dominant recessive systems. The actual genotype frequencies must be known. If the frequencies do not match the predicted frequencies the population is evolving. 3 section11.4 new.notebook March 13, 2017 4