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Though the catapult has been used since ancient times, the catapult’s popularity came
primarily from its increased use in warfare. Dionysus of Syracuse is credited as being the creator
of the catapult in 400 B.C. The idea of the catapult stemmed from the idea to create a new type
of weapon that would prove to be effective in war. When Dionysius came up with his designs for
the catapult he ended up creating two key designs. The first design was named the ballista that
would be used for shooting arrows. The other single-armed catapult was designed and to be used
to shoot rocks. When looking back on the history of the catapult and its influence on war fare, it
can easily be said that it changed how war was fought completely. The three main types of
catapults that were used in war were the Gastraphete, the Ballista, and the Trebuchet.
In the Middle Ages, a number of catapults had been created that included: the Ballista,
the Trebuchet, the Mangonel, the Springald, and the Onager. During the reign of King Edward
the First, Master James of St.George who acted as the chief engineer to the king, was ordered to
construct a more massive of Trebuchet-the Warwolf. The Warwold was known throughout
history as being one of the most powerful and renowned trebuchets in history. Once assembled
the Warwolf stood an astounding 300 to 400 feet and with one single shot, the Warwolf had the
ability to destroy an entire wall. It is because of this ability and power that the Warwold was
used in the siege of Sterling Castle during the Scottish Wars of Independence.
In the Roman Empire, the catapult of choice was known as the Onager. These catapults
were used by the Roman’s in attacking of various forts and settlements. The design of the
Onager included a frame that was placed onto the ground to a vertical frame that had a spoke.
The Onagers that were used by the Roman Empire was primarily used for attacking and the
destruction of enemy forts and castles. The Onagers that they employed were loaded with rocks,
boulders, and other large stones. After the post-classical period of the Romans, in the Middle
Ages a weaker prototype of the Onager was made. This catapult was called the manganel.
Though the two catapults had different names and slight differences, when looking at the overall
makeup of the catapults, they turned out to be basically the same.
Modern makers of the catapult include the company MTC or Manufacturing Technology
Center. The United Kingdom based company that takes on multiple projects at a time. Their
catapult, the High Value Manufacturing Catapult was created and produced for the first time in
2011. This company works to create state of the art catapults that can project a multitude of
objects that can be propelled multiple ranges of distances. These catapults can be used to for
purchase for both actual applications and also in battle. Although some of these catapults have
been used for only experiment based projects, some have been used in the British Armed Forces.
If the catapult proves to be a viable resource and weapon, it can be said and predicted that the
army will continue to use the catapult and maybe even sign on and contract this company to be
the sole provider for the armed forces.
Catapults have been used for centuries and have been made into multiple versions each
with different capabilities and shapes. As time has gone by and technology has become more and
more advanced so have the capabilities of each catapult. It can also be said that as time continues
to go on and progress so will the capabilities of the catapult. The catapult will continue to be
used on and off the battlefield in a multitude of different ways. Although other weapons have
been developed and employed in battle, the catapult is still seen as a viable option and weapon of
choice. It seems that as time goes on, and as technology continues to advance and develop, so
will the technology involved in making the catapult. Catapults are a valuable resource and
weapon and should be valued in all forms.
Sources
http://ancientgreekinventions.weebly.com/catapults.html
https://sites.google.com/site/physicsofcatapults/home/history-of-catapults