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Name:_________________________________________________________________ Date:_____________ TLS
Final Exam Review Sheet
Anatomy, Skeletal, Muscular, and Integumentary System
The levels of organization in the body include: ______________  ______________  _______________ _________________.
At each level of organization, these parts of the body work together to carry out the major body functions.
__________ - basic unit of structure and function in living things, are specialized in multicellular organisms and have parts
called organelles (YOU SHOULD KNOW THESE….mitochondria, ribosomes…...)
__________– a group of cells that perform a single function. There are 4 basic types in the human body
Tissue
_______________
______________
______________
_____________
Definition
How to Remember
Tissue that supports and connects body
parts – most abundant and diverse tissue in
the body.
Connective tissue CONNECTS
Tissue that lines the interior and exterior
body surfaces (coverings and linings)
Epithelial tissue covers all the edges
Tissue responsible for movement
(contracts).
Movement and Muscle begin with M
Tissue that receives, processes, and
transmits messages.
Nerves are long fibers in the body that carry
messages, similar to long phone lines that
carry sound
_________- group of different types of tissues that work together to perform a single function
_______________ – group of organs that perform closely related functions. Organ systems interact to
maintain homeostasis in the body as a whole
Body Cavities
Many organs and organ systems in the human body are housed in compartments called
__________________
These cavities _______________ internal organs
There are _____ main body cavities:

_________________: contains, supports, and protects the brain

_________________: contains, supports, and protects the spinal cord

_________________: contains, supports, and protects the heart,
esophagus, and the organs of the respiratory system

_________________: contains, supports, and protects the digestive
system

_________________: contains, supports, and protects the organs of the reproductive and
excretory systems
Label all the bones on the skeleton
Word Bank:
Sternum
Vertebra
Skull
Humerus
Patella
Carpals
Pelvis
Tibia
Ulan
Tarsals
Metatarsals
Clavicle
1. List two functions of the skeletal system:
Ribs
Metacarpals
Fibula
Mandible
Femur
Phalanges
Radius
Scapula
2. List and describe the two parts of the skeletal system:
3. The tough membrane that covers bones is called the __________________________.
4. _______________ ________________ are a network of tubes running through compact bone that contain blood
vessels and nerves.
5. Bone cells are called _______________________.
6. _________________ marrow contains blood vessels, nerves, and fat cells.
7. _________________ marrow produces red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets.
8. The process by which bone is formed called _______________________.
9. The _____________________ ___________________is a region of a long bone where new cartilage is formed,
lengthening the bone.
10. Two places where cartilage remains after 18-20 years are: ______________________
11. Complete the following table:
JOINT
TYPES
Fixed
Semimovable
Movable
Hinge
Ball & Socket
Pivot
Angular
Gliding
13. ______________________ hold bones of a joint in place.
EXAMPLE
Muscular System: Label the muscles on the diagram below
Word Bank: (use letters)
Tricpes A
Biceps B
Deltoid C
Quadriceps F
Hamstrings G
Gastrocnemius H
Pectorals K
Obliques L
Can you identify any additional muscles???
Trapezius D
Rectus abdominis I
Lattimus dorsi E
Gluteus maximus J
1. List two functions of the muscular system:
2. Complete the following table with regard to muscle types:
Muscle Type
Striated or
Voluntary or
Single or
Non-striated
Involuntary
Multinucleated
Where Found
Skeletal
Cardiac
Smooth
3. Distinguish between voluntary and involuntary with regard to muscle control.
4. Distinguish between flexor and extensor with regard to muscle action.
5. What connects muscles to bone?
6. What is the pair of muscles involved in lifting a dumbbell from the sides of your body to your shoulders
and back again?
Integumentary System
1. What are some of the functions of the integumentary system?
2. What is the name of the pigment that determines skin color? ____________________
3. What are hair and nails primarily composed of? __________________
4. What are exocrine glands?
5. What are the main exocrine glands of the skin, and what is the function of each?
12. Please label the following skin diagram:
Word Bank:
Sweat gland
Hair shaft
Epidermis
Oil gland
Dermis
Subcutaneous tissue
Hair follicle
Digestion and Excretion
Question
1. Nutrients provide the body with the energy and
materials it needs for
2. Most of the body’s energy needs should be
supplied by dietary
3. What is the common passage way for both food
and air and where is it located?
4. What are the functions of the digestive system?
5. What do we call the ball of food that is
swallowed?
6. Where does chemical digestion begin?
7. What enzyme begins to chemically break down
carbohydrates?
8. What are the wavelike contractions of muscle
that move food through the digestive system?
9. What is bile?
10. Where is it made? Where is it stored?
11. Pepsin and HCL begin the digestion of
________ in the _______.
12. What are the fingerlike projections of the small
intestine called?
13. What do they do?
14. Where is urea formed?
15. What is the functional unit of the kidney?
16. What is the first stage of urine formation
called?
17. How does urine leave the body?
18. Where is it stored until it can leave?
19. What connects the kidneys to the bladder?
20. What organs do food actually pass through?
21. What are the accessory organs of digestion?
Answer
Trace the path of a bite of food from the time it enters the mouth until its nutrients enter the blood (5 POINTS).
Kidney
Bladder
Urethra
Ureter
Starting with the kidney trace the path of urine out of the body (2 POINTS).
Circulatory and Respiratory System Review Sheet
1. What is the function of the circulatory system?
2. Distinguish between systolic and diastolic blood pressure.
3. Fill in the chart below to describe the types of blood cells and the function of each
Cell Type
Description
Function
Erythrocytes
Leukocytes
Platelets
4. Explain what blood plasma is, what it is made of, and its major functions.
5. Identify each of the blood vessels below and tell the function of each:
C
A
B
6. Label the picture of the heart below:
D
E
C
F
G
B
H
I
A
J
7. Tell which of the structures above carry oxygen-rich blood and which carry oxygen-poor blood.
8. Trace the path of a drop of blood, starting from the superior vena cave until it returns to the superior vena cava.
(Assume that it passes through the head at one point.). Name all the major structures through which it passes.
Use RED for oxygenated blood and BLUE for deoxygenated blood
Superior vena cava ________________  ______________ 
________________  __________________  ________________ 
_________________  __________________  _________________ 
________________  __________________  _________________ 
_____________  _________________  _______________ 
_______________
.
Question
1. Pumping chambers of the heart
2. Vessels that carry deoxygenated blood from the
heart to the lungs?
3. Heart chamber that receives blood from the vena
cava
4. Vessels that carry blood away from the heart
5. Vessles that contain valves to prevent the backflow
of blood
6. Blood cells that do not contain a nucleus
7. Circulation from the heart to the?
8. Blood cells that transport gases
9. Blood cells that fight infections
10. Involved in the clotting process
11. Blood cells that contain hemoglobin
12. Alveoli are connected to the bronchi by the ?
13. Muscle below the lungs
14. Site of gas exchange
15. Tiny air sacs in the lungs
Answer
Air Passage: ____________or___________  ______________  _______________ 
__________________  ________________ 
_______________  __________________ (where gas exchange occurs)
Label all parts: nose, pharynx, trachea, larynx, bronchiole, bronchi, alveoli, lungs, diaphragm