Download Preliminary technology needs assessment in Bolivia

Ministry of Sustainble Development and Planning
Vice-ministry of Environment, Natural Resources and Forestry Development
Climate Change National Program of Bolivia
Preliminary Technology Needs
Assessment in Bolivia
Javier Hanna
Climate Change National Program
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UNFCCC /UNDP Meeting on Methodologies
for Technology Needs Assessments
Seoul – Republic of Korea, 23 - 25 April 2002 1
Background
Article 4.5 of the UNFCCC: developed country Parties
“shall take all practicable steps to promote, facilitate and
finance, as appropiate, the transfer of, or access to,
environmentally sound technologies and know-how to other
Parties, particularly developing country Parties, to enable
them to implement the provisions of the Convention”
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Achieving the ultimate objective of the UNFCCCC, will require
technological innovation and the rapid and widespread transfer
and implementation of technologies and know-how for
mitigation of greenhouse gas emissions.
The transfer of technology for adaptation is also very important
element of reducing vulnerability to climate change, which is a
key element for developing countries, specially for those most
vulnerable.
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TT from the perspective of Bolivia
 Bolivia
through the Climate Change National
Program (CCNP), has developed concrete actions to
meet its commitments under UNFCCC (National
Action Plan on CC, National Implementation
Strategy, First National Communication, GHG
Emissions Inventories).
 One of the next important steps followed was a
preliminary Technology Needs Assessment for
Climate Change in Bolivia: Energy, Industrial
Processes and Land Use Change & Forestry Sectors
(GEF support).
 The assessment has permited to: define priority
sectors, compile technology information, select
technology priorities, assess barriers and gaps, and
evaluate possible ways to overcome these barriers.
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Technology Needs Assessment:
Country-driven Process
Sustainable
Development Goals
National or sectoral strategies,
programs and plans
National
Consultations
Reviews
Compiling
Technology
Information
Identification of
national key
organizations
and experts
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Consultations
Technology
Needs
Assessment
Identification of Barriers
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Further
actions
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Sources of Information
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National Mitigation Analysis (Energy, Forestry and
Agriculture sectors).
Sectoral and National Plans (Energy and Forestry
sectors).
Stakeholder consultations – government agencies and
programs, private programs (clean technology),
industries (many subsectors), national chambers of
industries and bussiness asociations, academic
institutions.
IPCC Special Report: Methodological and Technological
Issues in Technology Transfer.
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Compiling and Supplementing Technology
Information
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Identification of alternative technologies for each
subsectors (international and national sources).
Analysis of benefits of the technologies (international
and national sources).
Analysis of implementation potential (national sources).
In select subsectors and select technologies: analysis of
climate response potential.
Technology performance and costs (international
sources).
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Compiling and Supplementing Technology
Information
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Country experiences and available information on
environmentally sound technologies (national
sources).
Planned national or sectoral strategies, programs and
plans promoting new technologies implementation
(national sources).
Analysis of Implementation Barriers for each
subsector (national sources).
Analysis of Implementation Barriers for selected
technologies (national sources).
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Identification of National Key
Organizations and Experts - Consultations
• The national team (part of CCNP) was responsible of gather
information, make a review process of information’s quality,
identify key organizations and experts, and make consultations.
• For some key particular sectors (e.g. cement industry, cogeneration initiatives, forestry sector) - primary data collection,
field trips, discussions in place, analysis of priorities and
barriers, analysis of previous environmental and energy
assessments.
• Barriers were identified mainly in the consultations process
with directly involved stakeholders and organizations.
• The review process of technology needs assessment, was done
by key sectoral experts and the Climate Change Interinstitutional Council.
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Gathering Information from the Public
Entities and Domestic Industries
Bolivia addressed this challenge using many ways:
 Direct “official” approach.
 Through
Climate Change Inter-institutional
Council.
 Direct approach through industry groups.
 Personal approach (members of the CCNP team).
 Approach through experts.
Many times helpful information can only be found in
particular governmental agencies, industry groups or firms.
Access to these information is in many cases very difficult.
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Technology Transfer Oportunities
Were identified many technologies with potential to
transfer in Bolivia:
• Energy Sector: Fuel switching, CFLs, Renewable
sources, Improvement in thermal and electric
processes (energy management), Biomass fuels,
Maintenance systems, Good practice in processes,
Combined cycles, Co-generation, etc.
• Industrial Processes Sector: Recovery systems,
Improvement in equipments, kilns and reservoirs,
Introduction of advanced kilns and ovens, etc.
• Forestry sector: Improvement of silvicultural
practices, Sustainable harvest and management
practices, Protected area management systems,
Susbtitution of fossil fuels in forestry practices, etc.
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Energy Sector
Renewable sources
Minihydro power plants
Compressed natural gas
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Efficient biomass
use
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Barriers to the Transfer of Technology
• Lack of financial institutions or systems.
• Lack of supporting institutions and legal frameworks.
• Inability to assess, select and adapt appropiate
technologies.
• Lack of information and management experience.
• Lack of awareness and acceptance of technologies.
• Lack of confidence in the economic, commercial, or
technical viability of technologies.
• Lack of information on current or planned donor
activities.
• Lack of science, engineering and technical knowledge
available to industries.
• High transaction costs.
• Cultural and social national circumstances.
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Some ways to overcome barriers in
the Transfer of Technology
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Create systems for direct TT finacial support.
Create incentives for investing in EST.
Build human and institutional capacities.
Integrate human skills, organizational development
and information networks.
Increase the capacity of social organizations, NGO’s,
regulatory agencies and financial institutions.
Targeted pilot projects and demonstrations.
Conduct education and outreach campaigns.
Identification of donor activities and dissemination
of this information.
Support to public and wide access to the TT
information – creation of information networks.
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Challenge of Effective International
Coordination
• Bolivia has conducted an early process to
Assess its Technology Transfer Needs, based
exclusively on national capacities.
• To gaining access to useful information on
technology transfer oportunities, it would be
helpful strenght international cordination:
UNFCCC, international bussiness community,
bilateral and multilateral donors – developing
countries.
• Find possible ways to make available
information of developing countries in their
advances of Technology Transfer Needs, at the
international levels.
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Challenge of Effective International
Coordination
• Needs of methodologies, analytical tools,
guidance and information of country
experiences to assess Technology Transfer
Needs.
• Regional workshops – training workshops.
• More attention and work is needed in
reference to adaptation technologies.
• More information is needed for other
sectors: forestry, agriculture, waste.
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Challenge of Effective International
Coordination
• Bolivia has initiated a new cycle in the
Assessment of Technology Transfer Needs,
with the support of the CTI:
• Conducted a first national roundtable to asses
technolgy needs, based on the preliminary
analysis:
- New roundtables in other main cities.
- Development of national Action Plan on TT.
- Selection of 3 technologies and/or
subsectors for in-depth analysis (possible
case studies).
- Confirmation of needs of a country-driven
process and enhancement of national
capacities.
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Climate Change National
Program of Bolivia
Contact address:
Javier Hanna
[email protected]
Tel. / fax: +591-2-2423497
La Paz – BOLIVIA
http://www.snids.gov.bo/pncc
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