Download Kinesiology_Lab_files/Lab 5. The Knee

Lab 5
Anatomy of the Knee
M ATERI ALS
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human torso model
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knee models
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human skeleton
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textbook and lecture notes for reference
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Anatomage dissection table
O BJECTIVES
Upon the completion of these laboratory exercises, you should be able to:
1. Identify various anatomical structures of the knee joint.
2. Identify the muscles of the knee and thigh.
3. Apply biomechanical principles to the knee joint.
4. Identify origin, insertion, nerve innervation and actions of the knee joint.
5 . Apply kinisiological applications to common exercises.
Key muscles of the thigh and knee joint
iliacus
sartorius
pectineus
rectus femoris(quad)
vastus lateralis(quad)
vastus medialis(quad)
vastus intermedius(quad)
biceps femoris (long head)
biceps femoris (short head)
semitendinosus
semimembranosus
Key boney landmarks of the thigh and knee joint.
Femur:
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Head
Neck
Greater and lesser trochanter
Linea aspera
Medial and lateral condyles
Intercodylar notch
Medial and lateral
epicondyles
Adductor tubercle
Patella:
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Anterior and posterior
cruciate ligaments
Medial and lateral meniscus
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Medial and lateral condyles:
Tibial interarticular area
Tibial tuberosity:
medial condyle (pes anserine)
Gerdy's tubercle
Medial malleolus:
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Head
Neck
Lateral malleolus
Tibia:
Fibula:
Anterior surface
Articular surface: Facets
Ligaments:
Medial (tibial) lateral
(Fibular) collateral ligaments
Exercise 1. Review the following muscles on the Visible Body
Application. Apply the proper nerve innervation and muscle actions.
1.
Rectus femoris(quad)
a. Origin:Anterior inferior iliac spine
b. Insertion: tibial tuberosity
c. Nerve innervation: femoral L2-4
d. Actions:
2.
Vastus lateralis(quad)
a. Origin: greater trochanter, linea aspera
b. Insertion: lateral border of patella to tibial tuberosity
c. Nerve innervation: femoral L2-4
d. Actions:
3.
Vastus medialis (quad)
a. Origin: lineas aspera
b. Insertion: medial upper portion of patella to tibial tuberosity
c. Nerve innervation: femoral L2-4
d. Actions:
4.
Vastus intermedius (quad)
a. Origin: upper 2/3 shaft of femur
b. Insertion: tibial tuberosity
c. Nerve innervation: femoral L2-4
d. Actions:
5.
Biceps femoris (long head)
a. Origin: ischial tuberosity
b. Insertion: lateral condyle of tibia, head of fibula
c. Nerve innervation: tibial part of sciatic(S1-3)
d. Actions:
6.
Biceps femoris (short head)
a. Origin: linea aspera
b. Insertion: lateral condyle of tibia, head of fibula
c. Nerve innervation: common peroneal part of sciatic L5, S1,2)
d. Actions:
7. Semitendinosus
a. Origin: ischial tuberosity
b. Insertion: anterior medial condyle of tibia ( pes anserine)
Nerve innervation: tibial part of sciatic (L5, S1,2)
c.
d. Actions:
8. Semimembranosus
a. Origin: ischial tuberosity
b. Insertion: medial surface of shaft of tibia
c. Nerve innervation: tibial part of sciatic (L5, S1,2)
d. Actions:
10. Sartorius
a. Origin: ASIS( anterior superior iliac spine
b. Insertion: anterior medial condyle of tibia ( pes anserine)
c. Nerve innervation: femoral L2,3
d. Actions
Exercise 2.
Knee Anatomy
Label the following structures from the illustration above.
Quadriceps tendon
Patellar ligament
Medial meniscus
Lateral meniscus
Medial collateral ligament (MCL)
Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL)
Posterior cruciate ligament (PCL)
Lateral collateral ligament (LCL)
Exercise 3.
Muscles
Sartorius
Pectineus
rectus femoris
vastus lateralis
biceps femoris
(long head)
biceps femoris
(short head)
semitendinosus
iliacus
Muscle Summary Table
Joints effected
Motion Created at Joints
Anatomic plane of
motions