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Download History of Infectious Disease Outbreaks: people and plagues
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History of Infectious Disease Outbreaks People and Plagues Edward J. Young, M.D. Section of Infectious Diseases Baylor College of Medicine Michael E. DeBakey VA Medical Center Outbreaks • • • • • • • • • • Plague (Yersinia pestis)* Cholera (Vibrio cholerae)* Yellow Fever* Malaria (Plasmodium species) Tuberculosis (Mycobacterium tuberculosis) Influenza AIDS (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) West Nile Virus* Ebola * Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS-CoV) CONDITIONS CONDUCIVE TO PLAGUES • Pathogen (microorganism) • Virus, Bacterium, Fungus, Parasite, other • Reservoir • Animal, Human, Bird, Fish, other • Vector • Arthropod, Flea, other • Environment (conditions) • Unsanitary, War, Famine, Deforestation, Travel, Poor hygiene, Poverty, Crowds, Disasters (eg. flood, earthquake, etc.) PLAGUE Yersinia pestis Bubonic Septicemic Pneumonic Alexandre Yersin Kitasato Shibasaburo General Shiro Ishii Unit 731 (Harbin, China) CHOLERA Vibrio cholerae Filippo Pacini (1812-1883) Robert Allen Phillips, MD YELLOW FEVER Carlos Finlay, MD (1833-1915) Max Theiler, MD Ebola virus disease Ebola hemorrhagic fever Ebola Epidemic Statistics 2014-2015 Total cases 26,628 Deaths 11,020 Ebola Treatment & Prevention • • • • • Isolation (quarantine) of infected cases Modification of traditional practices ZMapp (monoclonal antibodies) MIL77 “ “ Vaccine in trials
