Download Chapter Answers to end-of

Instructor’s Manual Materials to Accompany
COMPUTERS ARE YOUR FUTURE
CHAPTER 8
NETWORKS: COMMUNICATING AND
SHARING RESOURCES
CHAPTER ANSWERS TO END-OF-CHAPTER QUESTIONS
Matching
1.
network operating system (NOS)
n
2.
network architecture
k
3.
protocols
j
4.
Ethernet
i
5.
Internet protocol
b
6.
peer-to-peer network
d
7.
routers
f
8.
clients
a
Copyright © 2008 Prentice-Hall. All rights reserved.
Chapter 8: Networking: Communicating and Sharing Resources
9.
token
e
10. packets
h
11. latency
g
12. bus topology
l
13. network topology
m
14. collision
o
15. node
c
Multiple Choice
1. Which of the following is not a computer network?
a. local area network (LAN)
b. leased-line area network (L2AN)
c. wide area network (WAN)
d. peer-to-peer network (P2PN)
b
Copyright © 2008 Prentice-Hall. All rights reserved.
2
Chapter 8: Networking: Communicating and Sharing Resources
2.
Which technology enables networks to funnel messages to their correct destination?
a. circuit switching
b. packet switching
c. both a and b
d. none of the above
c
3. Which term describes a computer that is connected to a network?
a. unit
b. mode
c. workstation
d. terminal unit
c
4. To connect to a LAN, a computer must be equipped with which of the following?
a. network interface card (NIC)
b. backbone
c. both a and b
d. none of the above
a
5.
Which type of network topology is centered on a hub?
a. star
b. ring
c. bus
d. LAN
a
Copyright © 2008 Prentice-Hall. All rights reserved.
3
Chapter 8: Networking: Communicating and Sharing Resources
6. Which of the following is not a LAN topology?
a. ring
b. star
c. hub
d. bus
c
7. Which term describes the phenomenon of more than one computer trying to use the network at the
same time?
a. contention
b. competition
c. communication
d. congestion
a
8. Which of the following is a WAN network connection point that enables users to access the WAN
through a local phone call?
a. point of presence (POP)
b. leased line
c. permanent virtual circuit (PVC)
d. frame relay
a
9. Which of the following is the most popular LAN standard?
a. ISDN
b. LocalTalk
c. Ethernet
d. Synchronous Optical Network (SONET)
c
Copyright © 2008 Prentice-Hall. All rights reserved.
4
Chapter 8: Networking: Communicating and Sharing Resources
10. Which of the following is the oldest and most widely used packet-switching protocol for WAN
usage?
a. 10BaseT
b. category 5 (cat-5)
c. X.25
d. T1
a
Fill in the Blank
1. A(n) ___________ links two or more computers together to enable data and resource exchange.
network
2. A(n) ___________ uses direct cables, radio waves, or infrared signals to link computers within a
small geographic area.
LAN or local area network
3. When a PC is connected to a LAN, the PC is called a(n) ___________.
node
4. A(n) ___________ is a PC expansion board needed to connect a computer to a LAN.
NIC or network interchange card
5. With ___________ _______________, an outgoing message is divided into data units of a fixed size
called packets.
packet switching
6. ___________ is a set of standards that offers Ethernet speed without wires.
Wi-Fi
7. ___________ ___________ install, maintain, and support computer networks, interact with users,
handle security, and troubleshoot problems.
Network administrators
8. In a(n) ___________ ______________, the network cable forms a single bus to which every
workstation is attached.
bus topology
Copyright © 2008 Prentice-Hall. All rights reserved.
5
Chapter 8: Networking: Communicating and Sharing Resources
9. A network uses ___________ (standards) that enable network-connected devices to communicate
with each other.
protocols
10. The high-capacity transmission lines that carry WAN traffic are called ___________.
backbones
11. ___________ defines how one Internet-connected computer can contact another to exchange control
and confirmation messages.
TCP or Transmission Control Protocol
12. With a(n) ___________, file sharing allows users to decide which computer files, if any, are
accessible to other users on the network.
P2PN or peer-to-peer network
13. ___________ is the networking system built into every Macintosh computer.
LocalTalk
14. A(n) ___________ uses long-distance transmission media to link computers separated by a few miles
or even thousands of miles.
WAN or wide area network
15. With ___________ ___________, the network creates a physical end-to-end circuit between the
sending and receiving computers.
circuit switching
Short Answer
1. Describe a protocol stack and then draw a diagram that shows what you have described.
In a computer network, a protocol stack is a means of conceptualizing network architecture in which the
various layers of network functionality are viewed as a vertical stack, like the layers of a layer cake, in
computers linked to the network. When one computer sends a message to the network, the message goes
down the stack and then traverses the network; on the receiving computer, the message goes up the stack.
Copyright © 2008 Prentice-Hall. All rights reserved.
6
Chapter 8: Networking: Communicating and Sharing Resources
2. Explain the difference between peer-to-peer and client/server networks.
In a peer-to-peer network, all the computers on the network are equals, and there is no file server. Each
computer user decides which, if any, files will be accessible to other users on the network. Although peer-topeer networks are easy to set up, they tend to slow down with heavy use, and keeping track of all the shared
files and peripherals quickly becomes confusing. For this reason, peer-to-peer LANs are not suitable for
networks that connect more than one or two dozen computers.
A client/server network consists of one or more file servers, as well as networked workstations. The clients,
which are all the computers that can access the server, send requests to the server. The client/server model
works with any size or physical layout of LAN and does not tend to slow down with heavy use.
3. How do LANs and WANs differ?
Distance and media are the deciding factors in differentiating these networks from each other. LANS use
direct cabling or localized wireless radio or infrared signals to link computers in a small geographic area.
WANs use long-distance transmission media, such as phone lines, microwave transmissions, or even
satellites.
4. Name three types of LAN topologies, and describe how each works.
A bus is a network configuration in which the network cable is a single bus or backbone to which each
workstation is connected. The two ends of the bus have special connectors called terminators.
A star is a network where all other devices are connected to a central device, typically a computer. This
configuration easily allows new users to be added to the network.
A ring is a network design where all devices are connected in a closed loop or ring. In this network, data only
travels in one direction around the ring.
5. What is the difference between contention and congestion?
In a computer network, contention is a problem that arises when two or more computers try to access the
network at the same time. Contention can result in collisions, which can destroy data. Congestion occurs in a
packet-switching network and is a performance interruption that occurs when a segment of the network
experiences an overload.
Copyright © 2008 Prentice-Hall. All rights reserved.
7
Chapter 8: Networking: Communicating and Sharing Resources
6. How do circuit switching and packet switching differ? What are the advantages of each method?
Circuit-switching networks create physical end-to-end circuits between the sending and receiving computers.
This is similar to a telephone connection between two individuals. Once a connection is made, this method
allows for rapid communication between the two computers.
A packet-switching network breaks down outgoing messages into distinct data units of a fixed size—
packets—and transports the packets over various routes from the sending computer to the receiving computer.
When all the packets arrive at the receiving computer, they are rearranged into their original order. Although
this is a slower transmission process, there is no need to wait for a dedicated connection between the two
computers.
Copyright © 2008 Prentice-Hall. All rights reserved.
8