Download Muscles - Head - Dr. M`s Class

Muscles of the Head
• Two groups
– Muscles of facial expression
– Muscles of mastication and tongue movement
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Muscles of Facial Expression
• Insert into skin
• Important in nonverbal communication
• All innervated by cranial nerve VII (facial
nerve)
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Muscles of Facial Expression: The Scalp
• Epicranius (occipitofrontalis)
– Bipartite muscle consisting of
• Galea aponeurotica—cranial aponeurosis
connecting two bellys
• Frontal belly; occipital belly
– Have alternate actions; pull scalp forward and backward
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Muscles of Facial Expression: The Face
• Corrugator
supercilii
• Zygomaticus
• Risorius
• Levator labii
superioris
• Depressor labii
inferioris
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• Depressor anguli
oris
• Orbicularis oris
• Mentalis
• Buccinator
• Platysma
Figure 10.7b Lateral view of muscles of the scalp, face, and neck.
Epicranial
aponeurosis
Corrugator supercilii
Orbicularis oculi
Levator labii
superioris
Zygomaticus
minor and major
Buccinator
Risorius
Orbicularis oris
Mentalis
Depressor
labii inferioris
Depressor anguli oris
Platysma
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Frontal
belly
Occipital
belly
Temporalis
Epicranius
Masseter
Sternocleidomastoid
Trapezius
Splenius
capitis
Muscles of Mastication
• Four pairs involved in mastication; all
innervated by cranial nerve V (trigeminal
nerve)
– Prime movers of jaw closure
• Temporalis and masseter
– Chewing role - holds food between teeth
• Buccinator
© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
Figure 10.8a Muscles promoting mastication and tongue movements.
Temporalis
Orbicularis
oris
Buccinator
© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
Masseters
Muscles of Mastication and Tongue
Movement
PLAY
A&P Flix™: Temporalis
PLAY
A&P Flix™: Masseter
PLAY
A&P Flix™: Buccinator
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Muscles of Tongue Movement
• Three muscles anchor and move tongue
– Genioglossus
– Hyoglossus
– Styloglossus
• All innervated by cranial nerve XII hypoglossal nerve
© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
Figure 10.8c Muscles promoting mastication and tongue movements.
Tongue
Styloid process
Styloglossus
Genioglossus
Hyoglossus
Mandibular symphysis
Stylohyoid
Geniohyoid
Thyroid cartilage
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Hyoid bone
Thyrohyoid
Infrahyoid Muscles of the Anterior Neck and
Throat
PLAY
Animation: Rotating head
PLAY
Animation: Rotating face
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Muscles of the Neck and Vertebral Column
• Two functional groups
– Muscles that move head
– Muscles that extend trunk and maintain
posture
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Muscles of the Neck and Vertebral Column:
Head Movement
• Sternocleidomastoid—major head flexor
• Sternocleidomastoid -- lateral head
movements
• Splenius capitis - head extension,
rotation, and lateral bending
• Semispinalis capitis—synergist with
sternocleidomastoid
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Figure 10.10a Muscles of the neck and vertebral column that move the head and trunk.
1st cervical
vertebra
Sternocleidomastoid
Anterior
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Base of
occipital bone
Mastoid
process
Figure 10.10b Muscles of the neck and vertebral column that move the head and trunk.
Mastoid process
Splenius
capitis
Spinous
processes
of the
vertebrae
Splenius
cervicis
Posterior
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Figure 10.10c Muscles of the neck and vertebral column that move the head and trunk.
Platysma (cut)
Sternocleidomastoid
(cut)
Internal jugular vein
Omohyoid
Sternohyoid
Sternothyroid
Sternocleidomastoid
Pectoralis major
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Muscles of the Neck and Vertebral Column:
Head Movement
PLAY
A&P Flix™: Splenius capitis
PLAY
A&P Flix™: Semispinalis capitis
© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
Figure 10.10d Muscles of the neck and vertebral column that move the head and trunk.
Mastoid process
of temporal bone
Longissimus capitis
Iliocostalis cervicis
Longissimus cervicis
Iliocostalis thoracis
Ligamentum
nuchae
Semispinalis
capitis
Semispinalis
cervicis
Semispinalis
thoracis
Longissimus thoracis
Spinalis thoracis
Iliocostalis
Erector Longissimus
spinae
Spinalis
Iliocostalis
lumborum
External oblique
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Multifidus
Quadratus
lumborum