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Download Lesson Title: Teaching the Basics of Buddhism through the Jakata
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Lesson Title: Teaching the Basics of Buddhism through the Jakata Tales Goals and Objectives of the Lesson: The goals of this lesson are many but they are all related to the topic of Buddhism. Students will be introduced to the story of Siddhartha and how he became the Buddha. Students will be introduced to the Four Noble Truths. Students will be introduced to the Eightfold Path. Students will be introduced to the concept of the movement of ideas through storytelling specifically the telling/reading of the Jakata Tales Students will make connections between elements of the Four Noble Truths and the Eightfold Path and current world events and their lives. Time required/ class periods: This lesson could take one to three class periods depending on explanations and homework expectations. Primary source bibliography: The following link will take teachers to a gallery featuring statues and representations of Buddha and Buddhist monks and other notable Buddhist figures. Use the first two slides to begin a lecture on Buddhism and the Jakarta Tales. http://www.explorelearnteach.com/buddha-gallery.html The first image is from the British Museum in London, England. The Second image is from the grounds of the Wild Goose Pagoda in Xian, China. The photographs in the gallery were shot by David Platt. Other sources used: If the teacher requires background information on Buddha and Buddhism this PBS site gives a brief overviewhttp://www.pbs.org/edens/thailand/buddhism.htm Students can either go to the following sites and choose three Jakata stories to analyze vis-a-vis the concepts of Buddhism OR the teacher can choose the specific stories they want the students to read. Sites with Jakata tale stories: http://www.buddhanet.net/bt_conts.htm http://www.buddhanet.net/bt1_conts.htm http://www.pitt.edu/~dash/jataka.html Required Materials and supplies: 1. Handout #1: Buddha Ballot (below) 2. Handout #2: The Four Noble Truths (below) 3. Handout #3: The Eightfold Path (below) 4. Copies of selected stories from the Jakata Tales or Computer access for students Suggested stories: The Goat That Saved the Prince; Demons in the Desert; Little Prince No Father; The Wind in the Moon; The Talkative Tortoise; Four on a Log; Mr. Monkey and Sir Crocodile; Gang of Drunkards; The Phony Holy Man. 5. Handout #4: Assignment sheet (below) Vocabulary Buddha- The title given to Siddhartha upon his attainment of Nirvana/ Enlightenment Buddhism- A philosophy or religion that studies the life and teachings of the Buddha The Four Noble Truths- The core ideas of Buddha concerning the human experience of and in the world. The Eightfold Path- The behaviors and thoughts through which a person might reach enlightenment The Jakata Tales- Stories told by the followers of Buddha to spread and explain the ideas of Buddhism. ProcedureThe teacher will introduce the lesson by showing two representations of Buddha side-by-side and ask the students to vote on which one they think represents the true Buddha. The teacher will ask the students to write down on their ballot at least one reason they picked the “Buddha” they did. As students give their explanations, teacher can list them on the board. After this, teacher will tell the students the story of Siddhartha and his path to enlightenment. The teacher will then ask the students to vote again now that they know more about the story. Once the new votes are tallied, the teacher will talk about the revolutionary idea that Buddha proposed which is this: Nirvana is available to everyone and not just the noble classes. The teacher will explain the rough life that the average human experiences during the time of Siddhartha and use this as an opportunity to discuss the Four Noble Truths. (Handout #1). Next, the teacher will introduce the idea of the equal opportunity enlightenment plan of the Eightfold Path (Handout #2). Suggestion: Teacher should give an example that illustrates the behaviors and attitudes associated with following the Eightfold Path. During the second part of the discussion, the teacher might ask the students how information is spread today: Answers might include: social media, radio, families, television, etc. The teacher then will explain that these ways of disseminating ideas and information were, of course, unavailable in the time of Siddhartha. The teacher will emphasize the degree of illiteracy and the lack of available source material such as books which stood in the way of broad communication; Thus were stories used as a means of teaching. The teacher can make comparisons to the use of stories by other religions such as parables in Christian and Judaic tradition. The Buddhists used the Jakata Tales as a means of spreading the elements of Buddhism. The teacher will then read a Jakata Tale to the students. At the conclusion, open a discussion about the message(s) of the story as pertain(s) to the Noble Truths and the Eightfold Path and discuss elements of the story that reflect aspects of Buddhism. Suggested next step: Have students choose three different stories to read. Direct students to write a quick review of each story (no more than one paragraph), identify what they think is the most important message from the story and then connect it to one of the Noble Truths or one of the steps in the Eightfold Path. As a final task, the student will draw a connection between the message/Noble Truths/Eightfold Path and their life. Assessment and evaluation (Handout #4): Jataka Tales Class- East Asian Studies Instructor- Platt Name _______________ Hour ________ Date ____________ The Jataka Tales are traditional stories told by the Buddha and his disciples to help their followers better understand the Four Noble Truths and the Eightfold Path. We will read a tale called “FILL IN YOUR CHOICE OF TALE HERE (SUGGESTED TALE: POPULARITY)” as a group. We will then discuss the moral or message of the story and which of the Four Noble Truths or steps in the Eightfold Path it illustrates. Your AssignmentRead three of the stories then: 1. Write a brief summary and review each story 2. Identify the moral and message of each story 3. Describe or identify which of the Four Noble Truths or steps in the Eightfold Path this story relates to or teaches (identify by number pleasefor example- the Second Noble Truth ) 4. Write a paragraph that describes how the stories relate to your life. You must write a minimum of one life example for each of the three stories. Handout #1: Buddha Ballot Which do you think is the “Real” Buddha B. ___________ A. __________ or Why did you choose the image you did? ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ Second chance Ballot After hearing the lecture, do you want to change your vote? If so, indicate which image you now think is the “real” Buddha: A. ___________ or B. __________ Why did you change your mind? ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ Handout #2: The Four Noble Truths 1. Human life is full of suffering and sorrow. 2. Suffering and sorrow are caused by our greedy desires and attachments. 3. Greed, desires and attachments can be overcome. 4. To overcome your greed you need to follow the Eightfold Path Handout #3: The Eightfold Path The Right Understanding The Right Thought The Right Speech The Right Action The Right Livelihood The Right Effort The Right Mindfulness The Right Concentration