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Earth’s Layers Standard: 8-3.1 Summarize the three main layers of Earth – crust, mantle, and core – on the basis of relative position, density, and composition. Earth’s Layers EQ 8-3.1 • How are the three main layers of the Earth described based on their position, density, and composition? Layers of the Earth Layer Crust Position Outer layer thinnest under oceans, thickest under continents Crust & top of mantle called the lithosphere Density Composition Least dense Solid rocklayer; mostly oxygen (O) & silicon (Si) Oceanic crust is more dense Oceanic than crust: basalt continental crust Continental crust: granite Layer Position Mantle Middle layer Thickest layer Top portion is called the asthenosphere Density Density increases with depth because of increasing pressure Composition Hot softened rock Contains iron (Fe) and magnesium (Mg) Layer Core Position Inner layer Density Heaviest material Consists of two parts – outer Most core and inner dense core layer Composition Mostly iron (Fe) and nickel (Ni) Outer core – slow flowing liquid metal Inner core – solid metal CLAMOI • C rust • L ithosphere • A sthenosphere • M antle • O uter core • I nner core Crust – What are the characteristics of the Earth’s crust? • Outermost layer • Thinnest under oceans • Thickest under continents • Crust and upper mantle are called the lithosphere • Least dense overall but…. – Oceanic crust (basalt) is more dense than the continental crust (granite) • Made of solid rockmostly oxygen & silicon Mantle – What are the characteristics of the mantle? • Middle layer • Thickest layer • Top portion is called the asthenosphere • Density increases as depth increases – Pressure causes density to increase • Hot softened rock • Made of iron and magnesium Core • What are the characteristics of the core? • Inner layer • Two parts: Outer core and Inner core • Heaviest material • Most dense layer • Made of iron and nickel • Outer Core – liquid, flowing metal • Inner Core – solid metal Let’s Expore the Earth’s Interior http://volcano.und.nodak.edu/vwdocs/vwless ons/lessons/Earths_layers/Earths_layers1. html United Streaming Video