Download Theocracy

Theocracy
• When the church is actively involved in
governing
For some reason…
• People are willing to accept different cultures,
but are less willing to tolerate or
accommodate differences in religious matters.
Secularism
• An indifference or rejection of
religion/religious beliefs
• Seen in MODERN societies more so in MDC
(industrialized nations) and communist
regimes (present or past)
How does this tie to previous conversation…?
Sacred Places
• Bermuda Triangle
• Stonehenge
Stonehenge
(England)
Holy Sites in Buddhism
Fig. 6-9: Most holy sites in Buddhism are locations of important events in Buddha’s
life and are clustered in northeastern India and southern Nepal.
Buddhist
Temple
Bodh Gaya,
India
Mecca, Islam’s
Holiest City
Fig. 6-10: Makkah (Mecca) is the holiest
city in Islam and the site of
pilgrimage for millions of
Muslims each year. There are
numerous holy sites in the city.
Makkah during the Haj Pilgrimage
The Ka’ba stands at the center of the Great Mosque (al-Haran al Sharif) in Makkah.
Hindu Holy
Places
Fig. 6-11: Hierarchy of Hindu holy places:
Some sites are holy to Hindus
throughout India; others have a
regional or sectarian importance,
or are important only locally.
Ritual Bathing in the Ganges River
Hindu pilgrims achieve purification by bathing in the Ganges.
The Golden Temple in Amritsar
The Golden Temple (Darbar Sahib) in Amritsar, India is the holiest structure for Sikhism.
Baha’i Temple in Uganda
Death by Religion! No pun intended…
• Cemeteries- Christians,
Jews, Muslims
– Egyptian pyramids/Taj Mahal
• CremationHindus/Buddhists/ Kovacs
Cremation near Taj Mahal
RECAP!
Variations in Distribution of
Religions (1)
• Origin of religions
– Origin of universalizing religions
– Origin of Hinduism
• Diffusion of religions
– Diffusion of universalizing religions
– Lack of diffusion of ethnic religions
• Ethnic religions diffuse if migration is for economic
reasons and their not forced to adopt universalizing
religions
Diffusion of Religions
• Universalizing- specific hearths
• Ethnic religions- clusters
• Relocation-migration
– Palestine-Missionaries-sea routes, military,
communication networks
• Expansion- “snowballing” [hierarchical- key
leaders, or contagious- wide spread]
– Daily interactions between believers in town and non
believers in countryside. Conversion of indigenous
peoples and intermarriage.
Diffusion of Universalizing Religions
Fig. 6-4: Each of the three main universalizing religions diffused widely from its hearth.
Diffusion of Christianity
Fig. 6-5: Christianity diffused from Palestine through the Roman Empire and continued
diffusing through Europe after the fall of Rome. It was later replaced by Islam in
much of the Mideast and North Africa.
Diffusion of Islam
Fig. 6-6: Islam diffused rapidly and widely from its area of origin in Arabia. It
eventually stretched from southeast Asia to West Africa.
Diffusion of Buddhism
Fig. 6-7: Buddhism diffused gradually from its origin in northeastern India to Sri Lanka,
southeast Asia, and eventually China and Japan.
Shintoism & Buddhism in Japan
Fig. 6-8: Since Japanese can be both Shinto and Buddhist, there are many areas in
Japan where over two-thirds of the population are both Shinto and Buddhist.
Variations in Distribution of
Religions (2)
• Holy places
– Holy places in universalizing religions
– Holy places in ethnic religions
• The calendar
– The calendar in ethnic religions
– The calendar in universalizing religions
Organization of Space
• Places of worship
– Christian worship
– Places of worship in other religions
• Sacred space
– Disposing of the dead
– Religious settlements
– Religious place names
• Administration of space
– Hierarchical religions (IMPERIALISM)
– Locally autonomous religions
Place Names in Québec
Fig. 6-12: Place names in Québec show the impact of religion on the landscape. Many
cities and towns are named after saints.
Roman Catholic Hierarchy in U.S.
Fig. 6-13: The Catholic church divides the U.S. into provinces headed by archbishops.
Provinces are divided into dioceses, headed by bishops.