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Ecosystems
CHAPTER 3
Intro Questions

How do plants get energy to make food?

How do animals get energy to stay alive?

What would happen if the plants in an
ecosystem died?
Vocabulary
 Ecosystem:
area with living and non-living
 Population:
all members of a species
organisms
 Community:
 Food
All living things in an ecosystem
Chain: eating relationships (transferring
of energy)
Biotic vs Abiotic
 Biotic:
Living
 Examples :
Abiotic: Non-living
Examples:
 Animals,
Plants,
 Humans,
soil etc
-Dirt, Air, soil, water, etc.
Quick Check

What are the parts of an ecosystem? Can you
name them from smallest to largest?

Populations make up communities, and those
same communities make up ecosystems.

Why can soil be both biotic and abiotic?
 Soil
has living things (bacteria/fungi) in it
Food Chains

Transferring of energy
-Starts with the Sun

Producers use energy from Sun to
make sugar/oxygen

Consumers eat producers, get
energy from BOTH Sun and plants

Decomposers break down
dying/dead material in plants and
animals
Changes in Food Webs

What would happen if the dominant species in a
food web were to die out?

What about if a population of a species grows
larger?

What is more important to have in an ecosystem:
consumers or producers? Explain
Ecosystem Competition

How can some ecosystems change based on
what season in it is?

What factors (reasons) could help bring change
to an ecosystem besides weather? Explain

Can these reasons be living and non-living?
Explain
Limiting Factors
Biotic


Overpopulation (too
much of one animal)
HUMANS
Abiotic

Weather/Temperature

Water

Soil

Space

Sunlight
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5eTCZ9L834
s 1:20
Coexisting
 Mutualism:
Both organisms benefit
 Examples:
Bees/Flowers, Ants/some trees
 Commensalism:
only one benefits; no one is harmed
 Whales/Barnacles,
 Parasitism:
 Ticks,
birds/rhinoceros
One benefits; the other is harmed
tapeworms, lampreys