Download Head, Neck, Ears, Eyes, Lymph, Nose, and Sinuses

Week 2
Allegra + Roberta
Important should recognize
Hydrocephalus-obstruction of drainage of
cerebrospinal fluid (CCF) resulting in excessive
accumulation, intracranial pressure, and
enlarged head
 Bell’s palsy-a lower motor neuron lesion,
producing cranial nerve VII paralysis, which is
almost always unilateral (one side)
 Cachectic- suffering from malnutrition
 Cephalhematoma- A collection of blood due to
an effusion of blood beneath the periosteum
frequently in a newborn as a result of birth
trauma
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Lymphadenopathy-swelling of lymph nodes
Macrocephaly- abnormally large head
Mircocephaly- abnormally small head
Acromegaly-excessive secretion of growth
hormone from the pituitary after puberty
creates enlarged skull and thickened cranial
bones.
Glaucoma-increased intraocular
pressure = decrease in peripheral
vision
 Cataracts-An ocular opacity,
partial or complete, of one or both
eyes, on or in the lens or capsule,
especially an opacity impairing
vision or causing blindness.
 Hyperopia- farsightedness, focus
is behind the retina
 Myopia- nearsightedness, focus is
in front of the retina
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AccommodationAdjustment, especially that
of the eye for various
distances resulting in pupil
constriction or dilatation
 Astigmatism- A visual
disturbance caused by an
error in the refraction of
light within the eye
 Blepharitis- inflammation
of eyelids
 entropion- lower lid rolls in
because of spasm of lids or
scar tissues contracting
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canthus- angle of the eye
corneal abrasion- using
florescent stain a yellowgreen branching. The top
layer of the corneal
epithelium is removed from
scratches or poorly fitting
or over worn contacts.
conjunctivitis-infection of
the conjunctiva “pink eye”
common bacterial or viral
infection due to allergy or
chemical irritation
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floaters- One or more spots
that appear to drift in front
of the eye, caused by a
shadow cast on the retina
by vitreous debris or
separation of the vitreous
humour from the retina.
nystagmus- An involuntary
rapid, rhythmic movement
of the eyeball, which may
be horizontal, vertical,
rotatory or mixed
diplopia- perception of two
picures from a single
object, double vision.
 exopthalmos- is a forward
displacement of the
eyeballs and widened
palpebral fissures
 periorbial edema- lids are
swollen and puffy
 photophobia- An abnormal
visual intolerance of light
 ptosis- drooping under the
lid due to neuromuscular
weakness
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purulent- Consisting of or
containing pus
ectropion- lower lid is loose and
rolling out, does not approximate
to eyeball, results in excess
tearing
strabismus- A deviation of the
eye which the patient cannot
overcome
Presbiopia- It is due to rigidity of
the crystalline lens, which
produce difficulty of
accommodation and recession of
the near point of vision, so that
objects very near the eyes can
not be seen distinctly without the
use of convex glasses
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Epistaxis- most common
site for nosebleeds
Rhinitis- clear watery
discharge, accompanied
by sneezing and swollen
mucosa, and nasal
obstruction.
Sinusitis-facial pain,
after upper respiratory
infection
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Auricle or pinnamovable cartilage and
skin
Auditory meatus- also
known as auditory
cannal it is the canal that
secretes cerumen, a
yellow waxy material
that lubricates and
protects the ear
Cerumen- The waxlike
secretion found within
the external meatus of
the ear
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Labyrinth- The internal
ear
MastoiditisInflammation of the
mastoid antrum and cells
Myringotomy- The
removal of fluid (often
infected) from the
middle ear space by
creating a incision in the
eardrum
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Otitis media- amber
yellow drum suggests
serum in middle ear that
transudates to relive
negative pressure from
the blocked eustacharian
tube, “glue ear”
Presbycusis- Progressive
bilateral loss of hearing
that occurs in the aged
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Tinnitus- A noise in the
ears, as ringing, buzsing,
roaring, clicking, etc
Tragus- The prominence
in front of the external
opening of the ear
Vertigo- An illusion of
movement, or as if he
himself were revolving in
space
Regional
Jugulodigastric- under the
angle of the mandible
 Superficial cervicaloverlying the
sternomastoid muscle
 Deep cervical- under
sternomastoid muscle
 Posterior cervicalposterior triangle along
edge of trapezium muscle
 Supraclavicular- above and
behind the clavicle, at
sternomastoid muscle
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Preauricular- front of ear
Posterior auricularsuperficial to the
mastloid process behind
ear
Occipital- at base of the
skull
Submental- midline
behind the tip of the
mandible
Submandibular- halfway
between the angle and
the tip of the mandible
Submental- under chin
Submandibular- between angle and tip of
mandible
 Jugulodigasric- under angle
 Preauricularis-front of ear
 Postauricularis- behind ear
 Occipital- base of skull
 Superficial cervical- sternomastloid muscle
 Posterior cervical- posterior triangle
 Deep cervicle- under sterno mastoid
 Supraclavicular- impression behind the clavicle.
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http://evolvels.elsevier.com/section/default.asp?id=1313%5Fglobal%5F000
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