Download global-stanton - Asia Pacific Advanced Network

CLARA: an advanced regional network
integrating LA&C NRENs (*)
APAN
Cairns, Australia
July 2004
Michael Stanton
CLARA Technical Committee
Rede Nacional de Ensino e Pesquisa – RNP, Brazil
www.rnp.br/en
[email protected]
(*)
LA&C = Latin American and the Caribbean
NREN = National Research and Education Network
The Latin America and Caribbean Region – LA&C
Geography
• South, Central and part of
North America, plus
Caribbean islands
• Over 10.000 km diameter
Demography
• Around 400 millions (more
than 40% in Brazil)
History
• Formerly mostly colonies of
Spain and Portugal and
autonomous since c. 1820
Languages
• Mostly Spanish and
Portuguese (just Brazil)
• Many amerindian languages
• English is first foreign
language
Michael Stanton - APAN, Cairns, 2004
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A Brief Story of Networking in LA&C
• Political, linguistic and cultural considerations have
traditionally led to considerable interaction between
countries within the region
However, networking has not followed this model:
• First connections (BITNET) starting 1986 using satellite
links between the US and each country separately
• Same topology inherited with transition to Internet
• Even multilateral initiatives (RedHUCyT in mid 90s and
AMPATH from 2001) have used traffic hubs in the US.
Recent developments (CLARA and ALICE, 2003) have
sought to alter this tendency.
Michael Stanton - APAN, Cairns, 2004
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Scientific User Community Needs in
LA&C
• The provision of high-capacity networking infrastructure
in LA&C countries is in good part to meet the demands of
international collaboration
• It is hoped that such provision can be made by a
combination of networking interconnections at the
regional/inter-regional levels, combined with renovation
of national NREN infrastructures
Michael Stanton - APAN, Cairns, 2004
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Global connectivity supports science
user communities
•
Scientific research increasingly dependent on access globally to
resources, collaborators, data, scientific instruments.
1. Access to scientific instruments with specific geo-location needs:
• optical telescopes: e.g., Gemini South and SOAR, Chile;
operated by US, Brazil and other countries
2. Unique instruments: impractical or unfeasible for each country to
“afford” for its own community:
• Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN in Geneva: thousands of
collaborators around the world
3. Access to/collecting geo-specific data and getting it back for
analysis, visualisation, sharing
• Environmental data from the Amazon or Antarctica
Michael Stanton - APAN, Cairns, 2004
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Some of the scientific community connectivity
needs in LA&C
•
Some areas of interest:
– Astrophysics
• Argentina, Brazil, Chile
– e-VLBI
• Brazil, Chile, Mexico
– High Energy Nuclear Physics
• Brazil
– Geosciences
• Chile, Mexico
– Marine sciences
• Chile
– Environmental studies
• Brazil, Costa Rica
– Health and Biomedical applications
• Several countries
– Grid computing in general
Michael Stanton - APAN, Cairns, 2004
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Global connectivity – tendencies
• Very high capacity (10s of Gbps) networks in core
countries and between them
• Increasingly regionalised networking
– European GEANT, South American CLARA, Asian
cluster efforts
– aggregate inter-continental bandwidth now
sometimes greater than continental bandwidth
– slow trend away from US as centre of the world
– many initiatives outside the US are engaging and
establishing leadership roles in connecting to the
world
– European – Asian connectivity
– European – Latin American connectivity
Michael Stanton - APAN, Cairns, 2004
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The emerging global network
(as seen from Australia)
Michael Stanton - APAN, Cairns, 2004
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LA&C connectivity
• Phase 1: satellite communication with US hub
– bandwidth limited to 2 Mbps
• Phase 2: submarine optical cables
– initial bandwidth of 34 or 45 Mbps
– no upper limit in sight
– Phase 2A:
based on US hub
• AMPATH project (2001 - )
– Phase 2B:
region-centric
• CLARA network (2004 - )
Michael Stanton - APAN, Cairns, 2004
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Phase 1: Satellite connectivity (1990s)
Michael Stanton - APAN, Cairns, 2004
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First global conections from LA countries
Two “classical” phases of
connectivity:
• e-mail networks (BITNET,
UUCP)
• full Internet (IP) connectivity
• Table shows the first
connections for each LA
NREN (National Research
and Education Network)
MX CL BR NI
UY PY VE AR CR
e-mail
86
86
88
88
88
89
90
90
90
IP
89
92
91
94
94
95
92
93
93
CO EC PE BO CU PA GT SV HN
e-mail
90
91
91
91
91
92
92
94
94
IP
94
92
94
95
96
94
95
96
95
Michael Stanton - APAN, Cairns, 2004
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Phase 2: New Submarine Cables in Latin America (1999-)
to
California
and
Asia-Pacific
to
New York
and Europe
Miami
San Juan, Puerto Rico
E-mergia (TIWS)
Global Crossing & TI Sparkle
Global Crossing
ImpSat
Transandino
UniSur
Michael Stanton - APAN, Cairns, 2004
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Phase 2: New cables in the Caribbean (Maya & Arcos)
North Miami
309km
474km
271km Cat Island
319km
521km
Maya
Crooked Island
Cancun
258km
165km
Providenciales
(Turks & Caicos Islands)
376km
Tulum
325km
363km
Ladyville
Arcos
Puerto Plata
291km
(festoon)
San Juan
Punta Cana
294km 241km Trujillo
Puerto
Puerto 339km
Barrios
114km Cortes
Puerto
Lempira
258km
1006km
Puerto
Cabezas
279km
372km
Bluefields
351km
270km
371km
Puerto
Limon
301km
Maria
Chiquita
242km Curacao
Willemstad
Punto Fijo
Riohacha
314km
Ustupo
Michael Stanton - APAN, Cairns, 2004
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Phase 2A: US-centric connectivity (2001 - )
AmPath
• uses Global Crossing
• 45 Mbps (one size fits all)
• connections to Miami, and
thence to Abilene (US NREN)
• connects Argentina, Brazil (2),
Chile, Panama, Venezuela
• other LA&C countries not so
benefited
AmPath
Mexico
• 3 cross-border connections to
US (Texas and California)
Michael Stanton - APAN, Cairns, 2004
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Where do we go from here?
• AMPATH´s achievements
– Initial boost for Advanced Networking in LA
– Stimulus for advanced connectivity inside each
country
– Motivation for collaborative projects
BUT
• Why does LA&C communicate internally through
Miami?
• Why does LA&C communicate with other parts of the
world through the US?
Michael Stanton - APAN, Cairns, 2004
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An alternative paradigm:
regional R&E networking
• Since the early 1990s great
efforts have been invested
in pan-European
networking.
• The present pan-European
network is GÉANT (2002-)
– currently the largest
capacity operational IP
network in the world
– built and managed by
DANTE
Michael Stanton - APAN, Cairns, 2004
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GÉANT connections to other regions (2004)
Michael Stanton - APAN, Cairns, 2004
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The European Commission’s @LIS initiative
•
Through @LIS programme the European Commission is
supporting improved connectivity to Latin America and the
Caribbean (LA&C)
•
@LIS: Alliance for the Information Society (2003-2005)
– 62.5 Million Euros for EU-LA&C on Information Society
Issues
– 10 Million Euros for Interconnecting Europe & LA&C
Research and Education communities
• Will interconnect LA&C-NRENs
Consequences:
– Formation of new NRENs in many LA&C countries
– Creation of the CLARA organisation of LA&C-NRENs
– ALICE project to support the building of the CLARA regional
network in Latin America
•
Michael Stanton - APAN, Cairns, 2004
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•
•
•
CLARA
Member
NRENs
(July
2004)
Association of NRENs open to all LA&C Countries
– constituted in Uruguay (like LACNIC) in Dec 2003
Created in response to @LIS initiative, but not limited to @LIS
time scale and restrictions
CLARA regional network will connect to Europe, North America
and Asia-Pacific
Argentina (RETINA)
Brazil (RNP)
Chile (REUNA)
Costa Rica (CRNET)
Ecuador (CEDIA)
El Salvador (RAICES)
Guatemala (RAGIE)
Mexico (CUDI)
Nicaragua (RENIE)
Panama (REDCYT)
Paraguay (ARANDU)
Peru (RAAP)
Uruguay (RAU)
Venezuela (REACCIUN)
(NRENs in formation indicated in RED)
Michael Stanton - APAN, Cairns, 2004
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Phase 2B: region-centric networking
•
•
•
ALICE – Latin America Connected to Europe (2003-2006)
Project to build CLARA network, supported by the @LIS
programme (cost-sharing: EU 80% - LA&C 20%)
Coordinated by DANTE, with participation of NRENs from Italy,
France, Spain, Portugal and some LA&C countries, and CLARA
itself
– (target countries include present 14 CLARA members, plus
Bolivia, Columbia, Cuba and Honduras)
August 2004: CLARA network to commence operations
•
ALICE website:
www.dante.net/alice
•
ALICE brochure (in English, Spanish and Portuguese):
www.dante.net/alice/ALICEbrochure.pdf
Michael Stanton - APAN, Cairns, 2004
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Expected CLARA network topology
•
•
Initially connected to Europe
Tijuana (Mexico) PoP to be
connected by dark fibre to
CENIC (California)
– access to US, Canada and
Asia - Pacific Rim
•
Initial backbone ring bandwidth
of 155 Mbps
Spur links at 10 to 45 Mbps
(Cuba at 4 Mbps by satellite)
Initial connection to Europe at
622 Mbps from Brazil
Network to be operated by
CLARA (through CUDI and RNP)
•
•
•
•
Expected also to support future
US funded international scientific
collaborations, including through
the IRNC program
Michael Stanton - APAN, Cairns, 2004
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IRNC - International Research Network Connections –
new NSF program launched in March, 2004
Synopsis of Program:
• Support for international collaboration for:
– access remote instruments, data, and computational resources
located throughout the world
– Remote access to large-scale science and engineering facilities
located both inside and outside the U.S. utilized by multinational research and education collaborations
• NSF expects to make awards to provide network connections
linking U.S. research networks with peer networks in other parts of
the world.
– Links funded by this program are intended to support science
and engineering research and education applications.
– Funded projects will enable state-of-the-art international
network services similar to and interconnected with those
currently offered or planned by domestic research networks.
Michael Stanton - APAN, Cairns, 2004
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CLARA response to IRNC
• CLARA’s major interest in this program is to leverage
good quality connectivity between the US and countries
served by the CLARA network through new links from the
US to backbone nodes of the CLARA network
• Cross-border dark fibre from Mexico to US
• Direct access to the “Southern Cone” countries
(Argentina-Brazil-Chile)
• CLARA believes the region’s interests are best served by
working with all US institutions proposing IRNC-funded
links to LA&C. We have therefore freely collaborated with
both proposals we have learned about.
Michael Stanton - APAN, Cairns, 2004
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1st Proposal CLARA for IRNC 2004
to US West Coast
to US East Coast
to Europe
(existing)
Michael Stanton - APAN, Cairns, 2004
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2nd Proposal CLARA for IRNC 2004
to US West Coast
(CUDI-CENIC)
to US East Coast
to Europe
(existing)
Michael Stanton - APAN, Cairns, 2004
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Global R&E connectivity from LA&C
• The CLARA initiative is altering the way in which LA&C
countries communicate among themselves, and with
countries outside the region.
• In particular, LA&C traffic will be aggregated within the
region enabling more effective routing to other parts of
the world.
• The greatly improved connectivity will also support
improved and new collaborations with partners in other
regions.
Michael Stanton - APAN, Cairns, 2004
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Thank you!
Questions?
[email protected]
Michael Stanton - APAN, Cairns, 2004
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