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Zoology Worksheet
Name______________________
1. Zoology Overview
a. What do zoologists study?
b. How do they obtain data?
c. What is the name of a zoologist who specializes in fish?
d. What aspects of fish do they focus on?
2. From the Wiki Ichthyology article answer the following questions;
1. What are the 3 main groups of fish an ichthyologist would typically study?
2. What is the main difference between Osteichthyes and Chondrichthyes?
3. Name some animals from each of the 3 groups mentioned in question 1.
4. Would you agree that Aristotle was the first true ichthyologist? Why or why
not?
a. Click on the marine biology link and answer the following
b. What are some resources that come from marine environments?
c. What are some of the different marine ecosystems?
d. What are the main types of plankton and why are they so important?
e. Describe some of the plants and algae mentioned in the article
f. Pick one of the fish mentioned in the Fish section and describe it’s
anatomy and any interesting features and adaptations.
g. Which reptile is best suited for marine life? Why do you think this is the
case?
h. What are the five main families of marine mammals?
i. Pick an ocean habitat and describe; what it looks like, fauna & flora,
abiotic features and why you find it interesting.
3. From the ichthyology article answer the following questions;
1.
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3.
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8.
How many species of living fishes are currently recognized
How many species of fish live in Canadian waters?
What methodology of classification is used by most ichthyologists?
Why did they switch classification systems in the 1980’s?
What is a hagfish?
What is a lamprey?
How do hagfish differ from lamprey?
It is generally said that some biologists are lumpers or splitters. What does this
mean in relation to taxonomy and what effect does it have on ichthyology as a
whole?
9. How are animals classified?
10. What 3 main characteristic do humans and most fishes have in common (Hint
look at groups we are in together Craniata, Vertebrata, Gnathostomata)?
11. What is the main characteristic that defines the Gnathostomata group?
12. What is the main characteristic of the Class Myxini?
13. What are the main characteristics of the Class Petromyzontida?
14. Of the class Chondrichthyes what are the two main subgroups and what are
their characteristics?
15.What are some characteristics of sharks?
16.What are some of the characteristics of Rays?
17.What are the Actinopterygii and some of their subclasses?
18.What are some of the main characteristics of the Siluriformes (catfishes)?
19.What are some of the characteristics of the Salmoniform fishes?
20.What are the Stomiiformes and what type of organ do they have that has not
been observed in the other fishes discussed so far?
21.What are the Lophiiformes and what are their characteristics?
22.What are the Beryciformes fishes, which live in the deep oceans?
23.Which of Perciformes are you famialiar with? Pick one and write a bit about it.
24.Of all the fish mentioned so far which did you find the most interesting? Why?
Section 2
After watching the videos from the Mar-Eco site you should have no problem
answering these questions, but there is always a deeper level of thinking that will
help you to develop a more complete cognitive picture of the deep sea ecosystem.
2. Deep sea organisms tend to use very similar adaptations to cope with
external pressure such as darkness, predation, extreme pressure, lack of
nutrients, low oxygen levels and low population densities. Describe some of
these adaptations and justify why you think they are necessary in this
environment.
3. These animals use biolumiscence in a variety of different ways, what are
some of them and why do you think biolumiscence has become so common
in very diverse deep sea animals?
4. In a few of the videos it was said that bringing specimens back to the surface
was extremely difficult. If you had the chance what type of capture method
or experiment would you invent/design to aid this process?
5. The Mississippi river dumps huge amounts of nutrients (from agriculture)
into the Gulf of Mexico each year. These excess nutrients cause a process
called Eutrification and results in huge planktonic blooms. When these
planktonic blooms die off they sink to the bottom of the ocean. What are
some of the big effects this has on benthic organisms? Do you think this
could happen in the waters off the coast of the Atlantic Provinces and New
England states?
6. Many of the deep sea organisms have extremely large teeth and mouths, as a
zoologist what would you infer the reason for this is? Develop a hypothesis
and an experiment to test it.