Download Knowing Basic Computer *Presentation

COMPUTER
It is an electronic device which is
capable of receiving information (input
data) in a particular form and of
performing operations in accordance
with instructions (program) to
produce a result or output in the form
of information or signals with the help
of processing unit.
Block Diagram Of Computer
Input
Processing
Output
Input
Process
Output
• Input is anything we
wish to embed in a
system for some type of
use. A variety of sources
are used to input:
keyboard, scanner,
microphone, mouse
• It is the act of taking
input data and
converting it to
something usable. In
internal part of
computer processed
according to input data
and we can have usable
output
Output is a result which
can obtained after process
on input data. . A variety of
sources are used to output
monitor or printer for
visual work, a speaker for
audio
INPUT DEVISES
OUTPUT DEVICES
Characteristics of Computer
 SPEED
 ACCURACY
 STORAGE
 DILIGENCE
 VERSATILITY
 POWER OF REMEMBERING
 NO IQ
 NO FEELING
MEMORY
• . Memory is internal storage media of
computer .Memory majorly
categorized into two types, Main
memory and Secondary memory.
• 1. Primary Memory / Volatile
Memory.
• 2. Secondary Memory / Non Volatile
Memory.
• 3.Cache Memory
Primary
Memory
Primary Memory also
called as volatile memory
because the memory can’t
store the data
permanently. Primary
memory select any part of
memory when user want
to save the data in
memory but that may not
be store permanently on
that location.
CACHE MEMORY
Secondary
Memory
Cache memory is a very Secondary memory is
high speed semiconductor external and
memory which can speed permanent memory that is
up CPU. It acts as a buffer useful to store the external
between the CPU and
storage media .The main
main memory. It is used secondary memory devices
to hold those parts of
are hard disk , optical disk ,
data and program which floppy disk etc.
are most frequently used
by CPU.
EXAMPLE OF PRIMARY MEMORY
RAM
ROM
PROM
Random Access
Memory is used
for primary
storage in
computers to hold
active information
of data and
instructions.
Read Only Memory
is used to store the
instructions
provided by the
manufacturer, which
holds the
instructions to check
basic hardware and
to load operating
system from
appropriate storage
device.
Programmable Read
Only Memory: We
cannot edit or modify
data in the ROM. To
overcome this problem
to some extent PROM
is very helpful that is in
PROM we can store
our programs in PROM
chip.
EPROM
Erasable Programmable
Read Only Memory :
EPROM will overcome
the problem of PROM. E
chip can be
programmed again by
erasing the information
stored earlier in it. can
be re-programmed
the program using a
special programming
facility EEPROM.
CHARACTERSTICS OF MEMORY
Primary Memory
(RAM)
Primary Memory
• These are semiconductor memories
• It is known as main memory.
• Usually volatile memory.
• Data is lost in case power is switched
off.
• It is working memory of the computer.
• Faster than secondary memories.
• A computer cannot run without
primary memory
•
•
•
•
These are magnetic and optical memories
It is known as backup memory.
It is non-volatile memory.
Data is permanently stored even if power
is switched off.
• It is used for storage of data in a
computer.
• Computer may run without secondary
memory.
• Slower than primary memories.
DIAGRAM OF COMPUTER STORAGE