Download Law of Reflection - Arbor Scientific

By Buzz Putnam
Whitesboro High School, NY
[email protected]
Who is Arbor Scientific?
This Should Do It!
Educational research
has shown that
“pounding” concepts
into students’ heads
through lecture only
does not result in
positive student
learning and longterm retention of the
concepts
Variety of Methods
Many concepts in
science are not
well-understood
so a variety of
teaching methods
are encouraged
by educational
researchers.
Demonstrations
It has been shown
that using
Demonstrations in
the science
classroom helps
students retain
concepts,
energizes the
science classroom
and is more fun!
Light & Color Challenge
1. What color is a ripe strawberry?
2. What color is a shadow?
3. What largest curved mirror ever
made by man?
4. What is the most “perfect” curved
mirror ever made by man?
Rules for Color Production
What is Light? A Form of
Energy?
• Radiometer converts
light energy into
motion (kinetic energy).
• UV Beads change color in
ultraviolet light
(sunlight, black light,
etc.)
White sides reflect infrared radiation.
Black sides get warmer by absorption.
Air molecules striking the warmer sides
take off faster and push back.
old crooke’s
bulb
(radiometer)
early 1900’s
Electromagnetic Spectrum
Many insects can “see”
ultraviolet light. These are pix
from NASA comparing visible
light with U.V. light on flowers.
Peruvian
Lily in
regular and
ultraviolet
light
Are Mynah Birds Black?
Not if you’re another bird!
Fluorescence
Phosphor Glow Paper
Violet Laser
Tonic Water
Einstein Would Love This!
Visualize the quantum energy of
red, green and violet light!
Polarization
18
Polarization
Polarized light
vibrates in one plane
only!
Caused by...
•Reflections from
surfaces (Brewster’s
Angle)
•Double refraction
•Filters
Polarization
Polarization
and 3-d
These glasses are used
for 3-d movies like
“spiderman” & “Shrek 3-d”
at universal studios.
21
Plane Mirror Challenge
What is the minimum size
that a Plane mirror must be in
order for a person to see their
entire body?
a. ½ your height
b. b. ¼ your height
c. Your actual height
d. 1/3 your height
e. It depends on your distance
from the mirror
“The Science Teacher”
Law of Reflection
Just use the
Law of Reflection!
“The Angle of
Incidence = The
Angle of
Reflection”
Law of Reflection
Whether you are close to the mirror...
...or a distance away from the mirror...
?
The mirror’s size
must be a
minimum of
½ your height!
Reflecta-View
• Reflective
• Transparent
• Find Image Location
Reflection
“day/night”
rear-view mirror
At night...
During the day...
Light reflects off
“front glass” part
Light reflects off
“silvered” part
Optics
Law of Reflection
• Concave mirrors converge light rays
• Convex mirrors diverge light rays
Focal Point
Law of Reflection
Focal Point
• Orbits at 380 miles above Earth.
• 42.5 ft in length/127 tons/1 inch
to spare on each side in shuttle bay.
•Resolution… From Hancock Tower in Boston to the Washington
monument in Wash. DC, Hubble could read “In God We Trust” in a dime!
29
Hubble telescope’s main concave mirror
7.8 ft primary
mirror polished
for 5 years
non-stop.
30
31
Quote from
NASA after
viewing the
images
produced by
their brandnew 1 billion
dollar hubble
telescope.
32
“Concave Mirrors” at Arecibo
The Arecibo radio
telescope is
currently the
largest single-dish
“concave mirror” in
the world. First
opening in 1963,
this 305 meter
(1000 foot) radio
telescope resides in
a natural valley of
Puerto Rico
Law of Reflection
Concave Mirrors
Mirage
The “Mirage”
reflects light rays &
converges them to
form a REAL image!
Laser Ray Box & Optical Set
Concave Mirrors
Laser Ray Box & Lenses
Inquiry Investigation of Reflection,
Refraction & Geometric Optics
1, 3, or 5
Laser
Beams
Laser Ray Box & Lenses
You can investigate...
Snell’s law of refraction
Refraction results in…
Distorted images observed in sunsets, water,
mirages, lenses and twinkling stars!
Geometric Optics
Using concave and convex lenses...
Laser Ray Box & Lenses
Concave Mirror
Total Internal Reflection
Laser refraction tanks
Color Spectrum
Prisms separate white light into a spectrum by refraction and
dispersion!
Color Spectrum
45
White Light
White Light
Complementary Colors
of light always combine
to produce White
Color Addition
Primary Color Light Sticks
Color Addition
Color Mixing Demo
Students can mix the
primary colors of light
to form secondary
colors and any
combination of hues!
Why is the Sky Blue?
Why is the Sky Blue?
Sunset on Mars
On May 19, 2005, NASA's Mars Exploration Rover
Spirit captured this stunning view as the Sun sank
below the rim of Gusev crater on Mars. This Panoramic
Camera mosaic was taken around 6:07 in the evening
of the rover's 489th Martian day, or sol.
Actual micrograph of Rods &
Cones in your Retina.
Radiometer
• Radiometer converts light
energy into motion (kinetic
energy)
• UV Beads change color in
ultraviolet light (sunlight, black
light, etc.)
White sides reflect infrared radiation. Black sides
get warmer by absorption. Air molecules striking
the warmer sides take off faster and push back
due to Newton’s 3rd law!
Your Eyes and Color
All persons
with “normal”
vision should
see a “12”.!
Your Eyes and Color
Normal
vision-->
“7”
Colorblind
“nothing”
Your Eyes and Color
Red/Green
colorblind--> “3”
Normal
vision--> “8”
Though humans can see the entire visible light
spectrum and would be able to appreciate the rich
greens of the grass in the meadow on the left, prairie
dogs and squirrels are red/green color blind, and only
perceive the blues, yellows, and grays of the landscape.
DOGS CAN SEE COLOR!
It is a myth that dogs see a black and white world. Dogs see
in color, but not the same way that we do. Veterinary
ophthalmologists have determined that dogs are similar to
people with red/green color blindness, so they can see
bluish and greenish shades but not reddish ones. To a dog, a
bright orange ball on a grassy lawn appears as a light
greenish ball in greenish grass. Go fetch!
Sharks have few retinal cones and have no color
vision. Also, they have much larger rod receptors (which
pick up light), with fewer numbers of them, so their
vision is much less acute than ours.
Diffraction...Producing Spectra
You can use...
• Holographic diffraction gratings
• Quantitative spectrascopes
• the newest in diffraction...
the “RSpec Explorer!”
Color Spectrum
Diffraction Gratings
Laser Pointers
Use
combination
red, green &
violet lasers
to observe
the
diffraction
patterns!
Diffraction
Using a spectroscope to take
quantitative measurements
of wavelengths!
Diffraction
Using RSpec Explorer to view spectra in a whole new way!
Read the following
words from the top to
bottom out loud
together now!
cat
dog
horse
cow
pig
rabbit
mouse
whale
bird
frog
Now Read the colors
the words are
printed in from the
top to bottom out
loud together now!
cat
dog
horse
cow
pig
rabbit
mouse
whale
bird
frog
Read the following
words from the top to
bottom out loud
together now!
Red
Blue
Green
Purple
Yellow
Red
Green
Blue
Orange
Red
Now Read the
colors the words
are printed in
from the top to
bottom out loud
together now!
Red
Blue
Green
Purple
Yellow
Red
Green
Blue
Orange
Red
YOUR RIGHT BRAIN
TRIES TO SAY THE
COLOR, BUT YOUR LEFT
BRAIN INSISTS ON
READING THE WORD!
What is CoolStuff?
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demos, and tools for your
classroom!
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$25 gift certificate!
Contact info for Demo ideas,
PowerPoints, Workshops, etc.
Buzz Putnam
Science Workshops for Teachers
& Student groups/assemblies
Making Science Phun Again!
315-761-5062
[email protected]
“The
Fizziks
Wizard”
http://buzzputnam.wix.com/fizzikswizard
…in association with
Thank You!
www.arborsci.com
[email protected]
(800) 367-6695
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and lesson plans
from Buzz!