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THIS IS With Your Host... Kepler’s Laws Evidence for Revolution The Seasons WILD!!! Apparent Motions Everything Moon! 100 100 100 100 100 100 200 200 200 200 200 200 300 300 300 300 300 300 400 400 400 400 400 400 500 500 500 500 500 500 Name Kepler’s First Law of Planetary Motion A 100 Law of Ellipses A 100 What is the eccentricity of an ellipse that has the following dimensions? Distance between foci = 5 cm Length of Major axis = 26cm A 200 E = d/L E = 5cm/26cm = .192 A 200 Name the term used to describe Earth when it is closest to the sun. A 300 Perihelion A 300 Name and describe Kepler’s Second Law of Planetary Motion A 400 Law of Equal Areas - Equal areas are swept in equal amounts of time when an object orbits the sun A 400 Explain how the kinetic and potential energy of a celestial object varies as it revolves round the sun. Use the terms: perihelion, aphelion, gravity, and velocity in your explanation A 500 As a celestial object (comet, planet, asteroid) approaches perihelion the effect of gravity rises, causing velocity to increase, therefore transforming the object’s potential energy to kinetic. Perihelion: Kinetic energy highest, potential lowest Aphelion: Potential highest, Kinetic lowest A 500 Name one piece of evidence that supports Earth’s revolution. B 100 Seasons, Parallax, Constellations, Doppler Effect, Apparent Diameter B 100 Answer the following in the form of a question! B 200 A group of stars that form a pattern in the night sky that are used to locate celestial objects B 200 Explain how the changing diameter of the sun supports the theory that Earth revolves. B 300 The sun’s actual diameter does not change in a cyclic manner. When the sun appears larger we are closer (perihelion) and when the sun appears smaller Earth is farther (aphelion). This change in apparent diameter would not occur if we were not moving! B 300 Please explain what would happen to Earth if it did not revolve. B 400 -No change of season - One perpetual season all year long! B 400 Explain how an astronomer can determine the distance a star is away from Earth by using parallax. B 500 The larger the parallax shift, the closer a star is away from Earth. B 500 What causes the seasons to change? C 100 -Earth tilted axis (23.5o) - Earth’s revolution C 100 What latitude is the sun directly overhead on st June 21 ? C 200 Tropic of Cancer C 200 On what date will there be 24 hours of darkness at the South Pole? C 300 June 21st :The Summer Solstice C 300 DAILY Place A Wager DOUBLE C 400 How many hours of daylight will Oslo, Norway have on March 21st? C 400 12! Every location on Earth experiences 12 hours of daylight and darkness on the Equinox! C 400 Four celestial spheres, A, B, C, and D, are depicted above. Each sphere represents a different location. Which sphere depicts the apparent motion of the sun on June 21st in New Zealand? Please explain. C 500 Location D The noontime sun is located in the northern sky. In the southern hemisphere an observer would have to look north to see the noontime sun. C 500 How does the length of the sun’s arc across the sky relate to the length of day? D 100 Longer the arc, the longer the day! D 100 What direction would a person have to face to the see the noontime sun in NYS? D 200 South! D 200 Answer the following in the form of a question! D 300 Stars that complete one full circle about Polaris in 24 hours. D 300 What does the term ‘planet’ actually mean? D 400 Wanderer D 400 How did the ancient Babylonian civilization properly sequence the planets? D 500 Period of Retrograde Motion D 500 What shape do celestial objects make across the sky? E 100 Arcs! E 100 At what rate do stars move across the celestial sphere? E 200 15 degrees per hr E 200 Why do planets sometimes appear to move backwards in relation to the background stars? E 300 Retrograde motion is caused by planets passing one another. For example, as Earth catches up and passes by Mars, Mars appears to move backwards. E 300 Betelguese rises in the east at 6:00pm and reaches its highest point in the sky at 1:00am. How many degrees has the star travelled? E 400 7 hrs x 15o/hr = 105o E 400 The celestial hemisphere above represents a particular location on Earth. Where is this person located? E 500 The North Pole! 90o N Polaris is directly overhead! E 500 Name the hypothesis that explains the origin of the moon. F 100 The Giant Impact Hypothesis F 100 How many days does it take the moon to complete one full revolution around Earth? F 200 Sidereal Month = 27.3 Days F 200 Name the phase! F 300 F 300 How many days does it take the moon to go from lunar phase #1 to lunar phase #2? F 400 #1 Full moon #2 Waning Gibbous 3.6 Days! F 400 Why does it take the moon longer to complete a synodic month than a sidereal month? F 500 Throughout the year, the Earth is revolving around the sun. After the completion of one full revolution around the Earth (sidereal month), the moon needs to revolve slightly further to realign with the Earth and sun. This time lag results in a difference of 2.2 days. F 500 The Final Jeopardy Category is: Please record your wager. Click on screen to begin Final Jeopardy Question Click on screen to continue Correct Final Jeopardy Response Click on screen to continue Thank You for Playing Jeopardy! Game Designed By C. Harr-MAIT