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Major World Religions Judaism Who – Abraham, Moses When – circa 3000 BC Where – Israel Holy Books - Torah, and Talmud Major Divisions – Orthodox, Conservative, Reform Basic Beliefs Monotheistic – one God Jews are the chosen people of God, must follow his laws. Jerusalem/Israel are holy lands. • Who – Jesus of Nazareth Christianity • When – circa 30AD • Where – Israel • Holy Books – Old and New Testaments • Major Divisions – Catholic, Protestant, Orthodox Basic Beliefs • Jesus Christ is the son of God • Death and resurrection • Came to redeem mankind from sin. Who – Mohammed When – circa 620AD Where – Arabian Peninsula Holy Books – Quran and the Hadith Major Divisions – Sunni, Shia Basic Beliefs There is no god but Allah, and Muhammad is the messenger of God Quran is word of God. Muslims must perform the “Five Pillars of Faith”. Islam Hinduism Who – Ancient priests of India When – 5000 –3000 BCE Where – India Holy Books – Vedas, Bhagavad-Gita Major Divisions – Numerous schools and traditions Basic Beliefs Polytheistic Reincarnation and Karma – cause and effect Ultimate goal – oneness with “Brahman” (God, Reality) Buddhism Who – Siddhartha Gautama (Buddha) When – 500 BC Where – Northern India Holy Books - Tripitaka Major Divisions – Mahayana, Theravada Basic Beliefs Life is suffering, caused by wanting things, caused by ignorance. Reincarnation and karma “8-fold Path” allows escape to Nirvana