Download Nitrogen-containing functional group

BIOLOGY Life on Earth
WITH PHYSIOLOGY Tenth Edition
Audesirk Audesirk Byers
3
Biological
Molecules
Active Lecture Questions by
Carol R. Anderson
Westwood College, River Oaks Campus
© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
Carbon can bond with _______ atom(s).
a. 1
b. 2
c. 3
d. 4
© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
Carbon can bond with _______ atom(s).
a. 1
b. 2
c. 3
d. 4
© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
Carbon’s ability to bond with up to four other atoms
is significant because ___________.
a. it enables the synthesis of inorganic molecules
b. it allows molecules to assume complex shapes,
and form long chains, rings, and helices
c. all biological molecules have four covalent bonds
d. it leads to the creation of large monomers from
smaller polymers
© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
Carbon’s ability to bond with up to four other atoms
is significant because ___________.
a. it enables the synthesis of inorganic molecules
b. it allows molecules to assume complex shapes,
and form long chains, rings, and helices
c. all biological molecules have four covalent bonds
d. it leads to the creation of large monomers from
smaller polymers
© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
What molecule is removed during dehydration
synthesis?
a. Carboxyl
b. Methyl
c. Phosphate
d. Water
© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
What molecule is removed during dehydration
synthesis?
a. Carboxyl
b. Methyl
c. Phosphate
d. Water
© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
Why is it so hard for most animals to break down
cellulose?
a. The lipid monomers of this polymer are connected
by bonds with unique orientations.
b. It must be eaten with large amounts of fiber.
c. Most animals lack the enzymes that break the
bonds between the glucose molecules of this
polymer.
d. The high pH of cellulose denatures the digestive
enzymes of most animals.
© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
Why is it so hard for most animals to break down
cellulose?
a. The lipid monomers of this polymer are connected
by bonds with unique orientations.
b. It must be eaten with large amounts of fiber.
c. Most animals lack the enzymes that break the
bonds between the glucose molecules of this
polymer.
d. The high pH of cellulose denatures the digestive
enzymes of most animals.
© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
Chitin differs from another long-chain
polysaccharide, cellulose, in that the former has
what unique functional group?
a. Phosphate-containing functional group
b. Nitrogen-containing functional group
c. Sulfur-containing functional group
d. Carboxylic-containing functional group
© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
Chitin differs from another long-chain
polysaccharide, cellulose, in that the former has
what unique functional group?
a. Phosphate-containing functional group
b. Nitrogen-containing functional group
c. Sulfur-containing functional group
d. Carboxylic-containing functional group
© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
Which is NOT a type of lipid?
a. Triglyceride
b. Wax
c. Oil
d. Peptide
© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
Which is NOT a type of lipid?
a. Triglyceride
b. Wax
c. Oil
d. Peptide
© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
If you were going on a long trip and could take along
only 10 pounds of food, it would be best to select
food from which group?
a. Carbohydrates, because they are an immediate
source of energy
b. Fats, because they contain more energy per
gram
c. Proteins, because they have a wide variety of
functions
d. Nucleic acids, because they contain the
instructions for making proteins
© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
If you were going on a long trip and could take along
only 10 pounds of food, it would be best to select
food from which group?
a. Carbohydrates, because they are an immediate
source of energy
b. Fats, because they contain more energy per
gram
c. Proteins, because they have a wide variety of
functions
d. Nucleic acids, because they contain the
instructions for making proteins
© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
Besides three fatty acids, a triglyceride molecule also
has what other chemical group?
a. Glycerol
b. Phosphate
c. Variable functional group
d. Deoxyribose sugar
© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
Besides three fatty acids, a triglyceride molecule also
has what other chemical group?
a. Glycerol
b. Phosphate
c. Variable functional group
d. Deoxyribose sugar
© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
Which functional group makes each amino acid
different in structure?
a. Carboxyl
b. Amino
c. Hydroxyl
d. R
© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
Which functional group makes each amino acid
different in structure?
a. Carboxyl
b. Amino
c. Hydroxyl
d. R
© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
A peptide bond forms between which two functional
groups?
a. Hydroxyl and amino
b. Hydroxyl and carboxyl
c. Hydroxyl and methyl
d. Carboxyl and amino
© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
A peptide bond forms between which two functional
groups?
a. Hydroxyl and amino
b. Hydroxyl and carboxyl
c. Hydroxyl and methyl
d. Carboxyl and amino
© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
Why would changing the shape of a protein change
its function?
a. Like a key (protein) and lock (function), if you
change the shape of the key, it can no longer
open the lock.
b. Change in shape leads to more hydrophobic
interactions.
c. It wouldn’t; as long as the primary structure is
intact, the function won’t change.
d. Shape change will lead to a different amino acid
sequence.
© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
Why would changing the shape of a protein change
its function?
a. Like a key (protein) and lock (function), if you
change the shape of the key, it can no longer
open the lock.
b. Change in shape leads to more hydrophobic
interactions.
c. It wouldn’t; as long as the primary structure is
intact, the function won’t change.
d. Shape change will lead to a different amino acid
sequence.
© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
Which nitrogen-containing base is not found in
DNA?
a. Adenine
b. Uracil
c. Guanine
d. Cytosine
© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
Which nitrogen-containing base is not found in
DNA?
a. Adenine
b. Uracil
c. Guanine
d. Cytosine
© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
ATP and DNA are different because ATP
is ___________.
a. made of enzymes and DNA is made of RNA
b. single stranded and DNA is double stranded
c. a stable molecule and DNA is an unstable
molecule
d. a nucleotide monomer and DNA is a nucleic acid
polymer
© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
ATP and DNA are different because ATP
is ___________.
a. made of enzymes and DNA is made of RNA
b. single stranded and DNA is double stranded
c. a stable molecule and DNA is an unstable
molecule
d. a nucleotide monomer and DNA is a nucleic
acid polymer
© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
Which part of the DNA nucleotide below is different
from the analogous nucleotide in RNA?
a. Phosphate
b. Sugar
c. Base
d. Bonding
© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
Figure 3-23
Which part of the DNA nucleotide below is different
from the analogous nucleotide in RNA?
a. Phosphate
b. Sugar
c. Base
d. Bonding
© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
Figure 3-23