Download java.lang.Object oracle.spatial.geometry.JGeometry

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Grafisko objektu datu bāzes sistēma (spatial
database)
A spatial database is a database that is optimized to store and query
data related to objects in space, including points, lines and polygons. While typical
databases can understand various numeric and character types of data, additional
functionality needs to be added for databases to process spatial data types. These are
typically called geometry or feature.
Spatial database systems:
1. IBM DB2 Spatial Extender can be used to enable any edition of DB2,
including the free DB2 Express-C, with support for spatial types
2. Oracle Spatial
3. Microsoft SQL Server has support for spatial types since version 2008
4. PostgreSQL DBMS (database management system) uses the spatial extension
PostGIS to implement the standardized datatype geometry and corresponding
functions.
5. MySQL DBMS implements the datatype geometry plus some spatial functions
that haven't been implemented according to the OpenGIS specifications.
Functions that test spatial relationships are limited to working with minimum
bounding rectangles rather than the actual geometries.
6. Boeing's Spatial Query Server (Official Site) spatially enables Sybase ASE.
7. Smallworld VMDS, the native GE Smallworld GIS database
8. Spatialite extends Sqlite with spatial datatypes, functions, and utilities.
9. Neo4j - Graph database that can build 1D and 2D indexes as Btree, Quadtree
and Hilbert curve directly in the Graph (mathematics)
10. AllegroGraph - a Graph database provides a novel mechanism for efficient
storage and retrieval of two-dimensional geospatial coordinates for Resource
Description Framework data. It includes an extension syntax for SPARQL
queries
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Specializētas datu bāzes sistēmas veidošanas varianti
(realization alternatives of spatial database)
1. Jaunu
datu tipu izmantošana (new data types) datu bāzes sistēmās
(piemēram, PosgreSQL).
2. Jaunu SQL funkciju izmantošana (new SQL function use)
(piemēram, Oracle Analytical function (OVER tipa vaicājumi), datu noliktavas
realizēšanas vaicājumi (GROUP by CUBE, Grouping), hierarhiskie vaicājumi).
3. Datu bāzes sistēmas paplašinājuma veidošana izmantojot papildus
programmu paketes (extended DBS packages);
- IT firmu produktu izmantošana (piemēram, Oracle Spatial);
- programmu pakešu izstrāde izmantojot datu bāzes servera
programmēšanas valodu (piemēram, PLSQL un Java (Oracle DBVS))
izmantošana.
4. Datu bāzes servera kodola paplašinājumu veidošana (use of cartriges)
(piemēram, Oracle cartridges, DB2 data blades, spraudņu (plug-ins)
izmantošana).
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PostGIS 1.5.3
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Jaunie datu tipi DBVS PostgreSQL
(added new data types)
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PostGis piemērs (example)
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PostgreSQL grafisko datu apstrādes operatori
(operators)
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PostgreSQL grafisko datu apstrādes funkcijas
(functions)
PostGis galvenais logs
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PostGis vienkāršība (simplicity of PostGis)
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Basic abstractions for modeling single objects
1. Point. Geometric aspect of an object, for which only its location
in space, but not the extent, is relevant.
city
2. Line (polyline). Moving through space, connections in space.
river
cable
highway
3. Region. Abstraction of an object with extent.
forest
lake
city
4. Partitions.
5. Networks (graphs).
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Grafisko objektu iekšiene, robeža un āriene
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Simpleksi un veidoli (simplexes and faces)
d-simplex - minimal object of dimension d
d-simplex consists of d+1 simplices of dimension d-1
Finite set of simplices such that the intersection of any two
simplices is a face (veidols).
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Ģeometriju predikāti (geometric predicates)
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Universālo DBS indeksi (indexes of universal DBS)
B – tree and hashing
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Grafisko indeksu veidošana (indexes of graphic)
Grafisko objektu telpa (space of graphics)
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Līmeņi (levels)
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Fundamental idea for indexing and query processing in
general - use of approximations
1. Continuous approximation;
2. Grid approximation.
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One-Dimensional Embedding of Grid Approximations
Basic idea:
1) find a linear order for the cells of the grid preserving proximity;
2) define this order recursively for a grid corresponding to a
hierachical subdivision of space.
z-order, Morton-order
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Represent any shape by a set of bit strings, called zelements
1. Put z-elements as spatial keys into a B-tree B.
2. Containment query with rectangle r:
- determine z-elements for r;
- for each z-element z scan a part of the leaf sequence of B
having z as a prefix;
- check theses candidates for actual containment, avoid
duplicate reports.
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Aproksimējošie taisnstūri (bounding boxes)
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Pārklāšanās noteikšana (find intersecting shapes)
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Parklājumu veidi (types of intersections)
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JGeometry klase1
MDSYS.SDO_GEOMETRY
JGeometry
java.lang.Object
oracle.spatial.geometry.JGeometry
A Java class that maps Oracle Spatial's SQL type MDSYS.SDO_GEOMETRY.
Provides basic access functions to the geomeries stroed in Oracle Spatial database.
Packages
oracle.spatial.geometry
Provides support for the Spatial SQL SDO_GEOMETRY
data type.
oracle.spatial.network Provides support for the Oracle Spatial network data model.
oracle.spatial.topo
Provides support for the Oracle Spatial topology data
model.
oracle.spatial.util
Provides classes that perform miscellaneous operations.
Class Summary
JGeometry
A Java class that maps Oracle Spatial's SQL type
MDSYS.SDO_GEOMETRY.
JGeometry.Point A convenient class that represents a double-typed point.
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http://docs.oracle.com/cd/B19306_01/appdev.102/b14373/oracle/spatial/geometry/JGeometry.html#GTYPE_POLYGO
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