Download High School Civics and Government

High School Civics and
Government:
Government Throughout
History
Rationalize the purposes of government throughout world history
through the use of compelling questions
What is Government?
• Government: A group of people that governs a community or unit.
It sets and administers public policy and exercises executive,
political and sovereign power through customs, institutions, and
laws within a state. A government can be classified into many
types--democracy, republic, monarchy, aristocracy, and
dictatorship are just a few.
What brought an end to the Romanov dynasty
dismantle?
• The end of World War I left Russia in socio-economic hardship.
• Many citizens were against the Czar after his poor leadership
during the war.
• A series of Revolutions severely weekend the support of the Czar
and his family.
• On July 18th, 1918 Czar Nicholas and his family were executed,
bringing an end to the three-century old dynasty.
Branches of the U.S. Government
Who is the President of the United States?
Who is the Vice President?
Why is it important for individuals to know about whats
going on in their government?
What are some ways for us to learn about current events in
the government?
How can you make a difference?
Who were the leaders of the Roman Empire?
• Consuls - At the top of the Roman Republic was the consul. The consul
was a very powerful position. In order to keep the consul from becoming
a king or dictator, there were always two consuls elected and they only
served for one year.
• Senators - The Senate was a group of prestigious leaders who advised the
consuls. The consuls usually did what the Senate recommended. Senators
were selected for life.
• Plebeian Council - The Plebeian Council was also called the Peoples
Assembly. This was how the common people, plebeians, could elect their
own leaders, magistrates, pass laws, and hold court.
• Governors - As Rome conquered new lands, they needed someone to be
the local ruler. The Senate would appoint a governor to rule the land or
province. The governor would be in charge of the local Roman army and
would also be responsible to collect taxes. Governors were also called
proconsuls.
• Censor - The Censor counted the citizens and kept track of the census.
They also had some responsibilities to maintain public morality and to
look after public finances.
Government in the Ottoman Empire
In 1915, leaders of the Turkish government set in motion a plan to
expel and massacre Armenians living in the Ottoman Empire.
• By 1920, some 1.5 million of 2 million Turkey’s Armenians in the Ottoman
Empire were dead.
Who were the Armenians?
• The Armenians were an independent group of people living in the Ottoman
Empire. During World War I, they sought to support the Russians instead of
the Ottoman’s. This brought about a great deal of suspicion towards the
people group, which then led to the attempted annihilation of the
Armenians.
• Great Britain: Winston Churchill - Prime Minister of Great Britain during most
of World War II, Winston Churchill was a great leader. His country was the
last country fighting against the Germans in Europe. He is known for his
famous speeches to his people when the Germans were bombing them during
the Battle of Britain.
• United States: Franklin D. Roosevelt - One of the greatest presidents in the
history of the United States, President Roosevelt led the country out of the
Great Depression and through World War II.
• Russia: Joseph Stalin - Stalin's title was General Secretary of the Communist
Party. He led Russia through terrible and devastating battles with Germany.
Millions and millions of people died. After winning the war, he set up the
Eastern Bloc of Soviet led communist states.
• France: Charles de Gaulle - Leader of the Free French, de Gaulle led the
French resistance movement against Germany.
World Governments
Dictators throughout world history
A dictator is a ruler with total power over
a country, typically one who has obtained
power by force.
Traits of a country with a dictator
• One leader with absolute power
• Absence of human liberty. People in
the country often live under
oppression, they have very few
freedoms
• War is glorified
• Every aspect of life is controlled by the
Government.
• Adolf Hitler: Dictator of Germany, 1921–1945.
• Saddam Hussein: Dictator of Iraq, 1966–2006;
• Kim Jong-un: Dictator of North Korea, 2011-present.
• Omar Hassan Al- Bashir: Dictator of Sudan, 1989-present.
• These are only four of many dictators throughout history and the
world.
Review
• Government: Governing power of the people
• Romanov Dynasty: A family line that was the sovereign power of Russia
until their execution in 1918.
• Three branches of U.S. government: Legislative, Judicial, and Executive
• Armenians: a people group living under the rule of the Ottoman Empire.
They were almost completely annihilated during WWI.
• Who were the Allied Powers during World War II?: President Roosevelt,
Winston Churchill, Joseph Stalin, and Charles de Gaulle.
• What are three types of Government systems?: Communism, Monarchy,
and Republic.
• What is a dictator?:A dictator is a ruler with total power over a country,
typically one who has obtained power by force.