Download Unit Plan Motion and Forces - Mrs. Olivas 8th Grade Science

Teacher: Leah Olivas
School: Carlsbad Intermediate School
Unit Plan: Motion 8th Grade General Science/Pre-AP General Science
Unit Plan Title: Describing and Explaining Motion
Unit Plan Questions:
What is motion?
How is motion measured and explained?
What forces affect objects?
Essential Questions:
How does the description of an object’s position depend on a reference point?
How can you describe the position of an object in two dimensions?
What is the difference between distance and displacement?
What is speed?
How can you use a distance-time graph to calculate average speed?
What are ways velocity can change?
What are three ways an object can accelerate?
What does a speed-time graph indicate about an object’s motion?
What are some contact forces and some noncontact forces?
What is the law of universal gravitation?
How does friction affect the motion of two objects sliding past each other?
What is Newton’s first law of motion?
How is motion related to balanced and unbalanced forces?
What effect does inertia have on the motion of an object?
What is Newton’s second law of motion?
How does centripetal force affect circular motion?
What is Newton’s third law of motion?
Why don’t the forces in a force pair cancel each other out?
What is the law of conservation of momentum?
DOK Questions:
What forces are acting on objects in motion?
How do you explain motion in terms of Newton’s Laws
How is the motion of an object explained?
What formulas are used to analyze motion?
Are there any identifiable patterns in motion?
Content Questions:
What is motion?
How is motion described?
How do Newton’s Laws explain motion?
Why does motion change or seem to stop?
Unit Summary:
This unit will explore motion. The basic framework of Newton’s Laws will give the structure of the concepts. The students will
distinguish the different concepts that describe and explain motion. Basic calculations of distance, time, speed, velocity, acceleration, friction,
inertia, forces, forces pairs, momentum, and centripetal force will help students explain motion. The students will explore these concepts
through hands on labs, virtual labs, informational text, videos, and student created diagrams. Real world examples of motion will help
students connect the classroom to applied science. The final outcome of the unit will show student connections of the concepts of motion to
the motion and forces experienced every day.
Common Core State Standards Addressed:
CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RST.6-8.4 Determine the meaning of symbols, key terms, and other domain-specific words and phrases as they
are used in a specific scientific or technical context relevant to grades 6–8 texts and topics.
NM Standards and Benchmarks Addressed:
08.04.02.03. Describe and explain forces that produce motion in objects.
08.04.02.03.01. Know that there are fundamental forces in nature (e.g., gravity, electromagnetic forces, nuclear forces).
08.04.02.03.02. Know that a force has both magnitude and direction.
08.04.02.03.03. Analyze the separate forces acting on an object at rest or in motion (e.g., gravity, elastic forces, friction), including
how multiple forces reinforce or cancel one another to result in a net force that acts on an object.
08.04.02.03.07. Know that an object's motion is always described relative to some other object or point (i.e., frame of reference).
08.04.02.03.08. Understand and apply Newton's Laws of Motion:
08.04.02.03.08.01. Objects in motion will continue in motion and objects at rest will remain at rest unless acted upon by an
unbalanced force (inertia).
08.04.02.03.08.02. If a greater force is applied to an object a proportionally greater acceleration will occur.
08.04.02.03.08.03. If an object has more mass the effect of an applied force is proportionally less.
Student Objectives/Learning Outcomes:
I will identify the forces of motion.
I will identify and explain forces and force pairs.
I will explain the forces on an object at rest and in motion.
I will apply Newton’s Laws to objects in motion.
I will explore and explain inertia.
I will explain how mass affects the momentum of an object.
Procedures/Actions:
Week 1
(2/29 –
3/4)
Week 2
(3/7 –
3/11)
Engage
Quick Write:
What is
motion?
What forces
are involved
in motion?
Bill Nye
Motion
Video and
Wright
Brothers
podcast
Explore
Explain
Moving Man Chapter 11
Applet
Lesson 1:
Describing
Motion pages
386-392,
Lesson 2:
Velocity and
Speed pages
394-402 and
Lesson 3:
Acceleration
pages 404-410
Vocab and
Essential
Questions
Forces and
Chapter 12
Motion
Lesson 2:
Applet
Newton’s First
Law page 431437, Lesson 3
Newton’s
Second Law
pages 439-445
and Lesson 3:
Newton’s
Third Law
pages 447-453
Elaborate
Velocity and
Acceleration Labs:
Students will record
data from several
objects and each other
to create distance/time
graphs and explain
velocity and
acceleration.
Evaluate
Exit Ticket:
Distinguish how
motion is
determined and
explain how
velocity and
acceleration of
objects can be
recorded and
determined.
Newton's Laws Labs:
Wacky Washers,
Tablecloth Trick and
Inertia
Motion Poster of
Newton's Laws
Week 3
(3/14 –
3/18)
Bill Nye
Energy
Gravity Video Skate Park
Applet
Chapter 12
Lesson 1:
Gravity and
Friction pages
422-429
Vocab and
Essential
Questions
Ramps and Friction Lab:
Different heights of
ramps with different
surfaces.
Exit Ticket:
Explain how
friction and
gravity affect
objects. Analyze
and illustrate
mathematically
how either force
overcomes the
other.
Vocab Quiz:
Motion Unit
Vocabulary
Pre AP Extension:
Chapter 2 Motion: Sec 1, 2 and 3, Class Discussion and Cornell Notes
Chapter 3 Forces and Newton’s Laws: Sec 1, 2 and 3, Class Discussion and Cornell Notes
Approximate Time Needed: 4 weeks
Prerequisite Skills:
Interactive Journal or Binder Sections from previous lessons
Computer skills to run applets
Group discussion procedures
Materials and Resources Needed:
Science Books (McGraw Hill I-Science Series 8th Grade)
Journals/Binders
Copies of Resources
Computer Lab for Virtual Labs and WebQuests
Lab Equipment for Motion Labs
Paper for Posters and Foldables
Accommodations and Differentiation:
The unit will be accommodated and differentiated for the students in each individual class. The accommodations and
differentiations listed below include all students.
IEP:
Assessment:
Reduced number of questions
Chunked questions
Directions read aloud
Instructional:
Repeat/rephrase instructions
Recorded books
Hands-on experiments
Study/Work Aids:
Vocabulary
Interactive notebook with highlighted sections
Additional time to complete assignments
Visual examples with lecture
Classroom Organization and Management:
Preferential seating
Consistent expectations and consequences
Frequent feedback
Assess to Technology:
Overhead Projector
Calculator
Computer with printer
WIDA:
Entering
Listening
• Follow one-step oral commands/instructions Reading
• Match content–related objects/pictures to words • Identify common symbols, signs, and words Writing
• Draw content-related pictures • Label pictures and graphs • Create vocabulary/concept cards Beginning
Listening
• Follow multi-step oral commands/instructions • Classify/sort content-related visuals per oral descriptions • Sequence visuals per oral directions • Identify information on charts or tables based on oral statements Reading
• Find information from text structure (e.g., titles, graphs, glossary) • Follow text read aloud (e.g., tapes, teacher, paired-readings) • Use pre-taught vocabulary (e.g., word banks) to complete simple sentences Writing
• Extend “sentence starters” with original ideas
• Respond to yes/no, choice, and some WH- questions
Developing
Listening
• Categorize content- based examples from oral directions • Match main ideas of familiar text read aloud to visuals • Use learning strategies described orally • Identify everyday examples of content-based concepts described orally Reading
• Use context clues • Make predictions based on illustrated text • Answer questions about explicit information in texts Writing
• Explain steps in problem- solving • Compare/contrast information, events, characters • Give opinions, preferences, and reactions along with reasons Expanding
Listening
• Identify main ideas and details of oral discourse • Complete content-related tasks or assignments based on oral discourse • Apply learning strategies to new situations Reading
• Identify specific language of different genres and informational texts
• Use an array of strategies (e.g., skim and scan for information)
Writing
• Justify ideas • Produce content-related reports • Use details/examples to support ideas • Paraphrase or summarize text • Take notes (e.g., for research) Bridging
Listening
• Use oral information to accomplish grade-level tasks • Make inferences from grade-level text read aloud Reading
• Differentiate and apply multiple meanings of words/ phrases • Apply strategies to new situations • Infer meaning from modified grade-level text • Critique material and support argument Writing
• Produce research reports using multiple sources/ citations Gifted/Challenge/Enrichment:
Differentiation:
Choice Board for assignments after instruction
Flexible grouping after pre-assessments
Visual, auditory, tactile and kinesthetic
Individualized feedback
Peer helpers
Open-ended prior knowledge questions
Student Assessments:
Exit ticket
Exit Tickets for force pairs and balanced/unbalanced forces
Motion poster illustrating Newton’s Laws applied to objects
Student led group trivia games over unit vocabulary and concepts
Lab conclusions after hands on labs
Unit test over the concepts of forces and motion