Download CHAPTER 23 READING GUIDE

CHAPTER 23 READING GUIDE
NAME ______________________________________
DATE _______________________________ PER ___
THE EVOLUTION OF POPULATIONS
1.
What was lacking in Darwin’s explanation of the mechanism of evolution?
2.
a.
What is the Modern Synthesis?
b.
List its main points.
3.
Define the term species.
4.
What is a gene pool?
5.
a.
What is the Hardy – Weinberg Theorem?
b.
What type of population is described in this theorem?
6.
What is represented by each of the following letters in the H-W theorem?
p ____________________________________
7.
a.
Write out the equation for the H-W theorem.
b.
What is represented by each of the following?
q __________________________________
p2
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2pq
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q2
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c.
What is indicated by the number 1?
d.
What is happening if the equation does not equal 1?
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9.
List and explain the five (5) assumptions of the H-W theorem.
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a.
Will a real population ever be able to meet these criteria?
b.
Explain.
CAUSES OF MICROEVOLUTION
10.
How is the H-W theorem useful when studying evolution?
11.
How is evolution defined at the population level?
12.
What is changed by microevolution?
13.
List four (4) causes of microevolution.
14.
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What are the two (2) main causes of microevolution.
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15.
Which of these four adapts a population to its environment?
16.
a.
What is genetic drift?
b.
What sized population would be effected by genetic drift?
17.
Explain each of the following forms of genetic drift and discuss how the gene pool is affected.
bottleneck effect
explanation ____________________________________________________________________
effect on gene pool ______________________________________________________________
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17.
founder effect
explanation ____________________________________________________________________
effect on gene pool ______________________________________________________________
18.
What does natural selection accumulate and maintain in a population?
19.
a.
What is gene flow?
b.
What is its effect on the gene pool?
a.
What is a mutation?
b.
How can a mutation change a gene pool?
c.
Are mutations common events?
d.
What is the role of mutations in terms of natural selection?
20.
GENETIC VARIATION, THE SUBSTRATE FOR NATURAL SELECTION
21.
a.
What is polymorphism?
b.
What are the different forms called?
c.
What is an excellent human example?
22.
Out of 1000 nucleotides, how many do you have in common with your neighbor?
23.
What is a cline?
24.
What is the advantage of sexual reproduction in terms of variability?
25.
How does diploidy “hide” recessive alleles?
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26.
What is balanced polymorphism?
27.
Natural selection maintains polymorphism in two ways. List and explain the two methods.
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A CLOSER LOOK AT NATURAL SELECTION AS THE MECHANISM OF ADAPTIVE RADIATION
28.
What is Darwinian fitness?
29.
Does the environment act directly on genotype or phenotype?
30.
Explain each of the following modes of selection. Show how each would effect a bell curve of a population. List
examples.
Explanation
directional
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Bell curve
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Examples
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diversifying _________________________________
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stabilizing
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31.
What is the “two – fold” disadbantage of sexual reproduction?
32.
a.
What is sexual dimorphism?
b.
List several animal examples.
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33.
How do males and females participate in intrasexual selection?
male
__________________________________________________________________________________________
female
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