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Transcript
Multimedia Communication Systems Techniques, Standards, and Networks Chapter 4 Distributed Multimedia Systems Definitions DMS – Distributed Multimedia Systems An integrated communication, computing and information system that enables the processing, management, delivery, and presentation of synchronized multimedia information that the quality of service guarantees. Authoring tool Specialized software which enables the design & assembly of multimedia elements for a multimedia presentation Distributed Multimedia Applications Interactive television Telecooperation Video on demand, home shopping, video games Distance learning, telecommuting, videoconferencing Hypermedia Linked documents, digital library, on-line encyclopedia, ezines, information kiosks DMS Features Technology Integration Communication & computing Multimedia integration Real-time QoS Interactivity Synchronization Of various media streams Support Standardization & interoperability QoS Applications dependent Quantified Packet loss, delay, jitter Negotiated between users & service providers Three levels of delivery Deterministic Statistical Best Effort Delivery Requires Resource management Reservation Network Variations Media Coax, fiber, wireless, satellite Transport/switching/routing protocols Connection oriented or connectionless Ethernet, ATM, IP Unicast, multicast Network Size LAN, MAN, WAN IP Networking Datagram Connectionless Best effort Reliability is left to the end user Present Internet Primitive service model Best effort, point to point UDP – User (Unreliable) Datagram Protocol More RTPs (Real-time Transport Protocol) needed VoIP, multicasting, VoD, etc. IP Multicast A single packet to multiple destinations Requires a multicast address Network forwards a copy to each group of hosts Allow users to join & leave the session Routing protocol categories Link state (router subsets) Distance Vector (destination) RSVP Resource Reservation Protocol Receiver initiated PATH message Flow specification, destination Receiver determines QoS & initiates RESV Reservation styles Fixed filter (video conferencing) Wildcard filter (audio conferencing) Shared explicit (sender selection) RTP Real-time Transport Protocol Does not provide QoS Provides packet sequence number Used for multiparty conferencing Provides synchronization, framing, & encryption Used with RTCP Exchanges QoS & failure information Integrated Management Architecture MPLS Edge-label switches (connect to customers) Core switches FCAPS Integrated management of networks Performance Fault Configuration Security Billing ATM ATM Forum now MFA Forum Connection oriented Small cells Virtual circuit, virtual path QoS Sustainable rate, peak rate, burst length, cell loss ratio, delay, jitter 5 Adaptation layers IP/ATM Integration IP Large installation base Connectionless Best effort ATM QoS Bandwidth Connection oriented Adaptation layers (class of service) IP/ATM Integration Switching IP switching Tag switching (MPLS) Cut-through switching RMOA Real-time multimedia over ATM Underdevelopment Distributed Media Servers Applications VoD, digital library, in-house training Complexity I/O bandwidth Information storage/access QoS to multiple users VCR-like controls Multimedia Operating Systems CPU Management Memory Management Speed & fragmentation IO Management EDF – earliest deadline first Rate-monitoring scheduling (fixed priority) Interrupts & transfer rates File System Management Real-time & continuous media streams Interactive Television Point-to-point switched connections Asymmetrical bandwidth Broadcast media Stored media streaming VoD – real-time file transfer or streaming VoD – on-line movie rental/video library video jukebox SONET/ATM National distribution Telecooperation Telecommuting + Electronic shared workspace Shared applications/documents Replicated Concurrent Cooperation control Conferencing Requires multicast Real-time Add drop control Hypermedia Media Limitations Proprietary storage mechanisms Disparate document formats The Web HTTP, URL HTML, XHTML, DMTL CGI – Common Gateway Interface JAVA