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Proposed draft Phenolic compounds with anti-virulence properties Israel Castillo-Juárez1*., Rodolfo García-Contreras2., Macrina Pérez López1 and Naybi MuñozCazares1. 1. Department of Botany, Colegio de Postgraduados. 2. Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Facultad de medicina UNAM. *corresponding author Key words: anti-virulence, quorum quenching, natural products, antibacterial resistance, phenolic compounds. Natural products represent the major source of approved drugs and still play an important role in supplying chemical diversity as well as new structures for designing more efficient antimicrobials (Castillo-Juárez et al., 2013). They are also the basis for the discovery of new mechanisms of antibacterial action. In this regard, a large number of substances, mainly extracts from natural sources, have been obtained in order to identify their anti-virulence activity (MartínRodríguez et al., 2016; Soo et al., 2016). In recent years an increase in the study of anti-virulence natural product derivatives is occurring. Different targets have been proposed as a solution to the serious problem of bacterial antibiotic resistance. Inhibition of bacterial quorum sensing systems has been one of the most studied, however, there are other mechanisms involved in virulence regulation, damage to the host and bacterial survival, which suggests that there are another good targets such as bacterial secretion systems, adhesion molecules, two-component systems, response regulators, key enzymes, evasion of host defense systems etc. (Castillo-Juárez et al., 2015; Montes de Oca-Mejía et al., 2016). An important feature of the anti-virulence molecules is that they may be less prone to generate the emergence of resistance than conventional antibiotics (Rangel-Vega et al., 2015). By far, phenolics represent the highest number of active compounds reported in terms of anti-virulence effects when compared to all other classes of natural products. In the next proposal we analyze and discuss recent advances in the field of phenols anti-virulence, focusing on the structure-activity relationship of metabolites derived from natural products. Introduction 1.-Challenges in fighting bacterial infections in the post-antibiotic era. 1.1.- Anti-virulence and natural products 1.2.- Virulence targets (quorum sensing systems-global virulence regulator, biofilms, secretion system, pili/fimbriae, two-component system, exotoxins and persister cells). 2.1.- Phenolic compounds anti-virulence 2.2.- Phenylpropenoids 2.3.-Benzoic acid derivatives 2.4.- Tannins 2.5.-Stilbenes and flavonoids 2.6.- Diarylheptanoids 3.- Conclusion and future perspective References Castillo-Juárez I. Maeda T., Mandujano-Tinoco E.A., Tomás M., Pérez-Eretza B., García-Contreras., Wood T., K, y García-Contreras R. (2015). Role of quorum sensing in bacterial infections. World Journal of Clinical Cases. 3(7):575-98. Castillo-Juárez I., García-Contreras R., Velázquez-Guadarrama N., Soto-Hernández M. y MartínezVázquez M. (2013). Anacardic acid from Amphypterygium adstringens inhibits quorum sensingcontrolled virulence factors of Chromobacterium violaceum and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Archives of Medical Research. 44(7):488-94. Martín-Rodríguez A., Quezada H., Becerril-Aragón G., De la Fuente Núñez C., Castillo-Juárez I., Maeda T., Wood T.K., and García-Contreras R. (2016). Recent developments in novel bacterial anti-infectives. Book Series on Frontiers in Clinical Drug Research- Anti Infectives. Montes de Oca-Mejía M, Castillo-Juárez I, Martínez-Vázquez M, Soto-Hernández M., y GarcíaContreras R. (2015). Influence of quorum sensing in multiple phenotypes of the bacterial pathogen Chromobacterium violaceum. Pathogens and Disease. 73(2):1-4. Rangel-Vega A., Bernstein L.R., Mandujano-Tinoco E.A., García-Contreras S.J., García-Contreras R. (2015). Drug repurposing as an alternative for the treatment of recalcitrant bacterial infections. Front Microbiol. 9(6):282. Soo V., Kwan B.W., Quezada H., Castillo-Juárez I, Pérez-Eretza B., García-Contreras S.J., MartínezVázquez M., Wood T.K. and García-Contreras R. (2016). Repurposing of anticancer drugs for the treatment of bacterial infections. Journal Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry. (in press).