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Muscle Movements, Names and Types Ch 6 Anatomy and Physiology 5 Golden Rules of Skeletal Muscles Body Movements • All muscles attach to something at no fewer than 2 points – Origin is the less moveable attachment – Insertion attached to the moveable bone • Upon contraction insertion moves toward the origin – Tends to cause body movement Types of Body Movements 1. Flexion • • Usually in the sagittal plane Angle of joint decreased, bone closer Body Movements 1. Extension • • • Opposite of flexion Increase the angle, bones apart Over 180° is called hyperextension • Can be normal like in the neck Movements Con’t. 3. Rotation • Movement around the long axis • • Ball and socket joints Atlas and axis in shaking head “no” Movements 4. Abduction • Movement away from the midline (frontal plane) 5. Adduction • Opposite of abduction 6. Circumduction • Cone shaped movement of ball and socket joint Special Movements of the Foot • Dorsiflexion is lifting the toes • Plantar flexion is pointing the toes • Inversion is turning the sole medially • Eversion turns the sole laterally – Ankle sprains Special Movements of the Forearm • Supination – Palms anterior – Anatomical position – Radius and Ulna parallel • Pronation – Palm rotates posteriorly – Radius across ulna Special Movement of the Thumb • Opposition – Opposable thumb helps humans grasp • Touch fingertips with the thumb • Due to the saddle joint between the 1st Metacarpal and Carpal bones
