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ANATOMICAL TERMINOLOGY Directions or Positions: 1. anterior (cranial) = toward the head, in front of 2. posterior (caudal) = toward the tail or rear, behind 3. dorsal (superior) = toward the backbone 4. ventral (inferior) = toward the stomach, opposite of dorsal 5. lateral = toward the side, away from the midline of the body 6. medial = the midline of the body extending from anterior to posterior, toward the middle 7. proximal = closest to the point of attachment or point of reference (midline of body) 8. distal = farthest from the point of attachment or point of reference (midline of body) Planes or Sections Through the Body: 1. transverse (cross section) = perpendicular to the long axis of the body 2. sagittal = a longitudinal section separating the body into right and left sides 3. frontal (coronal) = a longitudinal section dividing the body into dorsal and ventral parts