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MIDDLE SCHOOLS 8th Grade Earth Science Core Lab Summaries Revised Summer 2001 ACTIVITY 1 Determining Density PURPOSE: How can density of an object be determined? EQUIPMENT Balance Metric ruler 100 ml graduated cylinders 2 rectangular solids, the same size but different materials string SAFETY: Caution with glassware ACTIVITY 2 Models of Eclipses PURPOSE: What happens during a solar and lunar eclipse? What are the parts of the shadows they form? EQUIPMENT Metric ruler Colored pencils SAFETY: No concerns ACTIVITY 3 Model of Solar System PURPOSE: Investigate the relative sizes and distances of planets in relation to the sun. EQUIPMENT: Scissors Glue Adding machine Construction paper Chart Meter stick SUMMARY: Students construct a scale model of the distance between the sun and planets in the solar system. SAFETY: Caution with scissors Science Curriculum: November, 2001 Lab Summaries: Page 1 of 5 Eighth Grade Earth Science MIDDLE SCHOOLS 8th Grade Earth Science Core Lab Summaries Revised Summer 2001 ACTIVITY 4 Star Colors vs Temperature PURPOSE: EQUIPMENT: Students will determine the relationship of a star’s temperature, color, and brightness. Chart map Pencils candle Metric ruler clear paper OR Graph paper colored pencils Ruler SUMMARY: Students study the colors in a candle flame and relate their findings to star colors OR plot stars on an H-R diagram and use it to answer questions. SAFETY: Caution with candle flame. ACTIVITY 5 Locating the Epicenter PURPOSE: How can an earthquake’s epicenter be located? EQUIPMENT: Compass Graph Map of U.S. SUMMARY: From information recorded by a seismograph, scientists are able to determine the exact arrival times of both P & S waves since P waves travel faster than S waves. SAFETY: None ACTIVITY 6 Faulting and Folding PURPOSE: How can models be used to demonstrate several types of folds and faults? EQUIPMENT: scissors colored pencils glue SAFETY: Caution with scissors. Science Curriculum: November, 2001 Lab Summaries: Page 2 of 5 Eighth Grade Earth Science MIDDLE SCHOOLS 8th Grade Earth Science Core Lab Summaries Revised Summer 2001 ACTIVITY 7 Sea Floor Spreading PURPOSE: To determine the rate at which sections of the ocean floor are moving. EQUIPMENT: Metric ruler Calculator SAFETY: no concerns ACTIVITY 8 Identify Minerals PURPOSE: Investigate the characteristics of minerals. EQUIPMENT: streak plates mild acid set of minerals tray penny nail glass magnet chart with minerals SUMMARY: Students study color, streak, hardness, luster, and other mineral characteristics. SAFETY: Caution with glass and acid. ACTIVITY 9 Geologic Time Line PURPOSE: 1. To investigate the geologic time scale. 2. To investigate the four main eras of the earth’s history. EQUIPMENT 5 meters butcher paper meter stick colored markers pencil reference books/text SAFETY: None Science Curriculum: November, 2001 Lab Summaries: Page 3 of 5 Eighth Grade Earth Science MIDDLE SCHOOLS 8th Grade Earth Science Core Lab Summaries Revised Summer 2001 ACTIVITY 10 Using the Rock Record to Interpret Geologic History PURPOSE: What story does the rock record tell? EQUIPMENT: Diagrams in this investigation SUMMARY: Students will determine the age of rock layers and reconstruct the geologic history of an area from observation of subsurface rock layers. SAFETY: None ACTIVITY 11 Contour Map PURPOSE: Using contour map kits, students will measure and draw a contour map. EQUIPMENT Ruler Vis-a-vis pens Transparencies Contour kit (kit can be homemade or purchased from Science Supply Co.) Water SAFETY: none ACTIVITY 12 Using a Topographic Map PURPOSE: How can topographic maps be used? EQUIPMENT: Metric ruler pencil SUMMARY: Students will use a simplified topographic map to locate a canister full of treasure. SAFETY: none Science Curriculum: November, 2001 Lab Summaries: Page 4 of 5 Eighth Grade Earth Science MIDDLE SCHOOLS 8th Grade Earth Science Core Lab Summaries Revised Summer 2001 ACTIVITY 13 Greenhouse Effect PURPOSE: Investigate the greenhouse effect. EQUIPMENT: Jars Student data sheet Watch with second hand Small thermometers Map pencils SUMMARY: Students record and plot temperature for a thermometer inside a jar versus that for one outside. SAFETY: Caution with glass ACTIVITY 14 Hurricane Plotting Chart Data PURPOSE: Show the movement of hurricanes using graphs. EQUIPMENT Colored pencils Instructions and a map included SAFETY: none ACTIVITY 15 Maximum and Minimum Temperature Map PURPOSE: Understand temperature minimums and maximums and how isotherms are plotted. EQUIPMENT 2 maps included in lab colored pencils SAFETY: None ACTIVITY 16 Weather Map PURPOSE: The students (in groups) will familiarize themselves with weather symbols and create a fairly accurate weather map and present it to the class. EQUIPMENT Paper Colored pencils and/or markers Poster board SAFETY: None Science Curriculum: November, 2001 Lab Summaries: Page 5 of 5 Eighth Grade Earth Science