Download ENGLISH TENSES. Present tenses: Present simple: I visit. Present

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ENGLISH TENSES.

Present tenses:
Present simple:
I visit.
Present continuous:
I am visiting.
Present perfect simple:
I have visited.
Present perfect continuous:
I have been visiting.

Past tenses:
Past simple:
I visited.
Past continuous:
I was visiting.
Past perfect continuous:
I had visited.
Past perfect continuous:
I had been visiting.

Future tenses:
Going to future:
I’m going to visit.
Future simple:
I will (shall) visit.
Future continuous:
I will be visiting.
Future perfect simple:
I will have visited.
Future perfect continuous:
I will have been visiting.
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Present tenses
Present simple
present participle
I visit.
Present continuous
to be (pres.) + -ing form
I am visiting.
Past tenses
Past simple
past participle
I visited.
Past continuous
to be (past) + -ing form
I was visiting.
Future tenses
Going to future
to be + going to + inf 
I’m going to visit.
Future simple
will + inf 
I will visit.
Future continuous
will + be + -ing form
I will be visiting.
Perfect tenses
Present perfect simple
to have (pres) + past participle
I have visited.
Present perfect continuous
have + been + -ing form
I have been visiting.
Past perfect simple
had + past participle
I had visited.
Past perfect continuous
had + been + -ing form
I had been visiting.
Future perfect simple
will + have + past participle
I will have visited.
Future perfect continuous
will + have + been + -ing form
I will have been visiting.
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PRESENT SIMPLE (onvoltooid tegenwoordige tijd)
Spelling rules:
 I, you, we, you, they: inf Ø
 he, she, it: inf Ø + s
= generale rule
* Inf ending in a hissing sound: + es
Ex: to kiss, to wash  he kisses, he washes
* Inf ending in ‘o’: + es
Ex: to do, to go  he does, he goes
* Inf ending in consonant + y: y  i + es
Ex: to fly, to cry  he flies, he cries
* Irregular
Ex: to have  he has
USE: structures

St + :
I
visit
You
visit
He, she, it
visits
We, you, they visit

St - :
I don’t visit,
He doesn’t visit
( short form)
I do not visit,
He does not visit
( full form)
 subject + to do + not + inf Ø

IQ + short answer:
Do you visit her?
Yes , I do.
No, I don’t.
Does he visit her?
Yes, he does.
No, he doesn’t.
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 to do + subject + inf Ø

 Subject + to do (+not)
QWQ not to the subject:
How often do you visit her?
Who does he visit?
Why does he visit her?
What does he visit?
QW + to do + subject + inf Ø

QWQ to the subject + short answer:
Who visits her?
I do,
He doesn’t
Who + inf Ø+s

QWQ with e verb + preposition:
What does YingYang stand for?
QW + to do + inf Ø + prep
! Prep at the end of the question !
USE:

A habbit, a repeated action:
On Mondays he visits his girlfriend.
∟ adjunct of time (time indication)  bijwoordelijke tijdsbepaling

A permanent situation:
I live with my parents in Leuven.

A general truth, a fact:
The sun sets in the west, Water boils at ...°

According to a timetable:
The next train to Leuven leaves at 4 o’clock.

Performative verbs (you perform the action by saying it):
I promise I’ll quit smoking next Saturday.

Verbs of the senses, of thinking, of feeling.
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I smell something really bad.
PRONUNCIATION:
/s/
/z/
/ iz /
Walks
does
washes
Stops
rubs
brushes
↓
↓
↓
Inf ending in a
a voiced consonant
voiceless consonant
or vowel
a hissing sound
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PRESENT CONTINUOUS = present progressive
Spelling rules:
* General rule: inf Ø + ing
Ex: to watch  watching, to see  seeing, to dye  dyeing
* infinitive ending in e: -e +ing
Ex: to dance  dancing, to dive  diving, to close  closing
* infinitive ending in a single stressed vowel + single consonant: double consonant +ing
Ex: to swim  swimming, to run  running, to begin  beginning
* infinitive ending in a single stressed vowel + l: double l +ing
Ex: to travel  travelling, to dial  dialling, to quareel  quarrelling
* infinitive ending in ie: ie  y +ing
Ex: to die  dying, to tie  tying, to lie  lying
FORM: simple present of to be + ing-form
USE:

Action going on now, action in progress:
He is visiting his girlfriend.

A temporary situation:
She’s living at her aunt’s till her mother comes out of hospital.

An irritating, annoying action:
She’s always picking on me.
! we never use the pres cont with verbs of the senses, of feeling, of thinking !
! some verbs can be used as progressive and as non-progressive verbs ! (see – look – have – think ...)
ex:
I’m seeing the doctor this afternoon.
↔
I see what you mean.
I’m thinking of you.
↔
I think you got it all wrong.
They are having a party.
↔
I have no idea what you mean.
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USE: structures

St +
Ex: The sun is shining
Simple present of to be + ing-form

St –
Ex: The sun isn’t shining
Simple present of to be + not + ing-form

IQ + short answer
Ex: Is the sun shining?
Yes, it is.
No, it isn’t.

QWQ not to the subject:
Ex: What are they doing?
They’re playing the piano.
∟ direct object (lijdend voorwerp)

(≠ indirect object (meewerkend voorwerp))
QWQ to the subject:
Ex: Who is playing the piano?
∟ subject
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PRESENT TENSES FOR THE FUTURE:
Present simple  according to a timetable:
Ex: What time does ‘Grey’s Anatomy’ start?
My bus leaves at 13.47. Hurry up!
Present continuous  a definite arrangement in the near future
Ex: I’m flying to Rome on December 22nd.
I’m going to the hairdresser’s on Friday
What are you doing on Saturday evening.
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SIMPLE PAST. (onvoltooid verleden tijd)
Spelling rules:
* General rule: inf Ø + ed
Ex: to walk  walked, to wait  waited, to play  played
* infinitive ending in e: +d
Ex: to name  named, to like  liked
* infinitive ending in consonant +y: y  i +ed
Ex: to cry  cried, to carry  carried
* infinitive ending in a single stressed vowel + single consonant: double consonant +ed
Ex: to stop  stopped, to beg  begged
* infinitive ending in ‘w’ or ‘x’: generale rule
Ex: to bow  bowed, to box  boxed
* irregular verbs
Ex: to have  had
FORM:

St +: